浑江断裂带现今地震活动特征分析

系统分析1977年以来浑江断裂带的地震活动资料表明，该断裂带上地震活动表现为空间上两端集中分布与震中的跳跃式迁移，发震时间分布上有明显的分段差异性及震源浅、震害大等特征。     

广西北流Ms5.2地震发震构造研究

2019年10月12日广西北流县发生5.2级地震,震源深度10 km。该地震在华南地区地震活动逐渐增强背景下发生,地震序列类型为前—主余型。根据震中附近断裂带分布、震源机制解、余震分布、地震烈度图、建筑物震害调查等结果,对广西北流5.2级地震发震构造特征进行了初步探讨。研究结果表明,北西走向的米场—石窝断裂带为该地震发震断裂带。     

2012年5月28日河北唐山4.8级地震分析

2012年5月28日唐山发生MS4.8地震,该地震发生在唐山断裂带上,地震的主破裂面走向与唐山断裂带走向一致,错动方式以走滑为主,地震序列是主震-余震型。震前两个月,从天津汉沽到北京平谷快速形成一条NW走向的ML1.0以上小震条带,该条带可能是唐山老震区未来地震活动增强的一个窗口,这对判断未来中强震的震中有一定的指导意义。     

2007年3月13日福建顺昌ML4．9、ME4．7地震研究

通过对2007年3月13日福建顺昌ML4．9、4．7地震序列、震源机制解、地震烈度等震线、地震地质及发震构造、震中附近地壳P波速度结构等资料分析,结果发现：地震序列具有孤立型地震序列特征;郑坊断裂（f2）为本次地震的发震构造;北东东向的南平一宁化断裂带应作为福建省主要地震构造给予重视;顺昌一南平一带未来存在发生中强地震的可能。     

2020年3月20日西藏定日MS 5.9地震总结

2020年3月20日西藏定日M_S 5.9地震发生在申扎—定结断裂带分支断裂附近,震源机制解反演结果显示,本次地震为近NS走向断层产生正断层型错动的结果,与区域构造特征一致;地震序列跟踪发现,主震与最大余震的震级差为2.8,主震释放能量占全部序列的99.99%,属于孤立型地震序列。系统梳理地震发生前出现的地震活动和地球物理观测等异常,结果如下：震中附近震前存在年尺度和月尺度的热红外长波辐射异常;对震中附近异常进行回溯,发现震前存在地震发生率和地震危险度D值异常;震中300 km范围内无地球物理观测手段。通过对本次地震进行总结分析,以期为地震监测能力较低的定日地区积累宝贵的震例资料。     

汶川地震序列早期特征及成因探讨

地震序列的特征和震型判定工作有助于抗震救灾工作的开展,对其发生成因的研究是解决地震预报难题必须面对的科学问题。汶川8．0级地震序列的初步研究表明：①余震沿龙门山断裂带分布于宽100km,长约330km的带状区域内,并侧向于主震震中的北侧;②序列发展初期有2个快速衰减过程;③序列类型为主震一余震型,最大强余震6．4级;④序列的空间演化过程,强余震震源机制结果和地震精确定位结果分析表明,序列具有分段特征;⑤8．0级地震的发震构造是龙门山断裂带,发震构造在剖面上呈现出“犁形”或“铲形”。地球物理勘探和壳、幔结构反演结果表明,自青藏高原穿越龙门山到四川盆地存在地幔阶梯,上地幔阶梯的阻挡作用使得物质东移速率减慢,并蕴积了汶川8．0级地震所需能量。地震的产生正是东西向应力平衡被打破的结果,余震沿龙门山断裂的分布是高原地壳在印度板块的推挤作用下向北北东方向的运动得以继续的表现。整个龙门山断裂带都参与了活动,龙门山断裂带北端作为断裂带的止裂端与南段同期活动。     

浑江断裂带及水系的分形特征和构造活动性研究

应用分开有几何学方法对浑江断裂带及水系进行了分形特征研究。计算结果表明，浑江断裂带具有较强的活动性，而且次级NNE向断层比NE和NW向断层活动性更强，结合地震活动属于 质地貌，构造应力场等方面的分析。探讨了该断裂带的活动性及区域新构造运动特征。     

江苏地区小震精定位及构造意义分析

利用双差定位法对江苏地区2009-2015年地震记录进行重新定位。结果显示,重新定位后的结果比原有定位精度有了较好的改进,地震序列在空间分布上更加集中;从平面分布上看,重新定位后的地震更加集中于断裂带附近,较多地震呈丛集状出现;从震源深度分布看,研究区内重新定位后地震震源深度有明显收敛,大多集中在5~20km,表明研究区孕震层基本位于地壳的中上部。同时通过对江苏省不同时期发生的几个震群地震构造活动进行分析(分析各个地震序列的走向、是否产生新的断裂带、与原有断裂带走向是否一致等问题),认为其具有十分重要的意义。     

抚松ML5．0级地震及浑江断裂带地震活动性研究

2009年8月5日在吉林省抚松县发了MML5.0级地震,这次地震发生在浑江断裂带的NE端,是该带历史上发生的最大一次地震.本文介绍和研究了这次地震的基本情况及其与断裂构造的关系,详细的研究了浑江断裂带的地震活动性,并对未来地震趋势进行了预测.     

The dissertation of Fujian Shunchang ML 4.9, 4.7 earthquakes on March 13, 2007

通过对2007年3月13日福建顺昌ML4.9、4.7地震序列、震源机制解、地震烈度等震线、地震地质及发震构造、震中附近地壳P波速度结构等资料分析,结果发现:地震序列具有孤立型地震序列特征;郑坊断裂(f2)为本次地震的发震构造;北东东向的南平—宁化断裂带应作为福建省主要地震构造给予重视;顺昌 南平—带未来存在发生中强地震的可能.     

阿尔金断裂带中东段地震活动特征及危险性讨论

讨论了阿尔金断裂带1900年以来的5级以上地震活动,结果显示空间上地震活动具有分段性,其中在青海段出现5级地震填空性空段,并形成5级地震的平静区,时间上具有平静和活跃交替的特征。进一步分析阿尔金断裂带青海段(茫崖北—肃北)现代小震活动,结果显示:茫崖以西震源深度约40 km以内,青海段(茫崖北—肃北)震源深度约10 km范围内,超过10 km较少,肃北—黑崖子以东约100 km处震源深度由浅逐渐变深,从10 km左右逐渐变化到40 km左右。与此同时,依据上述资料探讨了阿尔金断裂带青海段的强震危险性。     

吉林舒兰断裂带的基本特征

舒兰断裂带是东北地区著名的依兰—伊通断裂带的中段。本文从构造分析和历史发展的角度出发,阐述了舒兰断裂带的基本特征及其晚近时期新活动     

FAULT ROCKS AND ACTIVITIES OF THE KANGDING-MOXI FAULT ZONE

Mylonite,cataclasite and especially fault rocks subjected to both mylonitization and cata-clasis widely developed along the Kangding-Moxi fault zone.A mylonite zone has formed as a result of ductile shearing in early stage.In later stage brittle fracturing has occurred along this mylonite zone,accompanied by the formation of the present Kangding-Moxi fault zone.Later on,ductile shearing and multiperiods of brittle fracturing occurred along the fault zone.Differential stress magnitude d     

EVIDENCES OF THE LATE QUATERNARY ACTIVITY OF THE ANGREN SEGMENT OF THE YARLUNG TSANGPO FAULT ZONE

The Yarlung Tsangbo fault zone, one of the most important geological interfaces in the Yarlung Tsangbo suture zone which is a huge geotectonic boundary with nearly east-west-trending in southern Tibet Plateau, has undergone a long-term tectonic evolution. Studying this fault zone can help us understand the development and evolution history of the suture zone and the tectonic mechanism of subduction-collision about the Tibet Plateau, so it has always been a hot topic in the field of geology. Most of existing data suggest that the current tectonic activity in southern Tibet is given priority to the rift system with nearly north-south-trending, and the Yarlung Tsangbo fault zone with nearly east-west-trending has relatively weaker activity since late Quaternary. There are only some evidences of Holocene activity found in the Lulang town section near eastern Himalayan syntaxis, and there are few reports about the reliable geological evidences of late Quaternary activity of the section on the west of Milin County of the fault zone. Based on image interpretation, field investigation and chronological method, we found several fault profiles along the Yarlung Tsangbo fault zone near the Angren Lake in this study. These profiles reveal that loose fault gouge has been developed on the fault plane which nearly extends to the surface and offsets the loess sediments and its overlying alluvial-proluvial gravels. The loess is characterized by coarser grains, higher content of fine sand and tiny small gravels. The results of the two OSL dating samples collected in the loess are(94.68±6.51)ka and(103.84±5.14)ka respectively, showing that the loess revealed at the Angren site should be the middle-late Pleistocene sand loess distributed on the high-terraces along the Yarlung Tsangpo River. Consequently, the Angren segment of the Yarlung Tsangpo fault zone is active since the late Quaternary. In addition, synchronous left-lateral offsets of a series of small gullies and beheaded gullies can be seen near the profiles along the fault, which are the supporting evidence for the late Quaternary activity of the fault. However, the segment with obvious geomorphology remains is relatively short, and no evidence of late Quaternary activity have been found in other sections on the west of Milin County of the Yarlung Tsangpo fault zone. Existing data show that, in the southern Tibet, a series of near NS-trending rift systems are strongly active since the late Quaternary, cutting almost all of the near east-west-trending tectonic belts including the Yarlung Tsangpo fault zone. In addition, majority of the earthquakes occurring in southern Tibet are related to the NS-trending rift systems. Tectonic images show that the Angren segment locates between the Shenzha-Dingjie rift and the Dangreyong Lake-Gu Lake rift. These two adjacent rifts are special in the rift system in southern Tibet:Firstly, the two rifts are located in the conversion position of the trend of the whole rift system; Secondly, the size of the two rifts varies significantly between the north side and the south side of the Yarlung Tsangbo fault zone. Thirdly, the Shenzha-Dingjie rift seems to be of right-lateral bending, while the Dangreyong Lake-Gu Lake rift shows left-lateral bending. These characteristics may lead to the fact that the amount of absorption and accommodation of the rift activities in the north side of the Yarlung Tsangbo fault zone is larger than that in the south side during the migration of the plateau materials, leading to the differential movement of the block between the two sides of the fault zone. Therefore, the Yarlung Tsangbo fault zone possesses the accommodating tectonic activity, of course, the intensity of this accommodating activity is limited and relatively weaker, which may be the reason why it is difficult to find large-scale tectonic remains characterizing the late Quaternary activity along the fault zone. The scale of the rift system in southern Tibet is systematically different between the two sides of the Yarlung Tsangbo fault zone, so it cannot be ruled out that there are also weak activities similar to the Angren segment in other sections of the fault zone.     

鲜水河断裂西北段的断层泥特征及其地震地质意义

对鲜水河断裂的断层泥样品进行原样的结构、构造和碎砾的显微构造、刻蚀形貌结构的观测统计,断层泥的粒度分析和分形研究,认为,断裂处于强烈的定向应力场作用之下,其运动方式是以粘滑运动为主,且晚更新世和全新世时期断裂仍有活动。从断层泥的粒度分布和分形分析可将断层分为：甘孜－格篓、格篓－恰叫、恰叫－乾宁３段,这与前人的地形变分析的分段结果相一致     

谈谈浑河断裂带的新构造

浑河断裂带在前震旦纪就开始活动,中生代时期活动剧烈,至第三纪和第四纪初、浑河断裂带的构造活动更为频繁强烈。本文主要讨论浑河断裂带自沈阳至清原县草市地段从第三纪以来的新构造活动的一些形迹     

THE VITRINITE REFLECTANCE OF FAULT ROCKS FROM THE WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE FAULT ZONE: CONSTRAINTS ON FRICTIONAL PROPERTIES OF THE FAULT DURING THE EARTHQUAKE

The temperature rise caused by frictional heating during seismic slip is able to indicate dynamic frictional properties of the seismic fault,which provides an approach to understand the dynamic process and energy budget of an earthquake.The residual indicators of frictional heating within the fault zone also can be taken as an evidence for seismic events.The vitrinite reflectance is a commonly-used geothermometer in the coal,oil and gas industries.It also has some potential applications in the studies of fault rock and fault mechanics.We studied vitrinite reflectance (VR) of fault rocks collected from surface outcrops of the Wenchuan earthquake fault zone in this paper.The measured data reveal that the VR of fault rocks are affected by fault motion,and there is a trend that the VR increases towards the fault core,which indicates the effects of frictional heating.The VR of fault rocks from the Bajiaomiao outcrop is much higher than those from the Shenxigou outcrop,which probably suggests the difference in fault activity at the two outcrops.Our study also suggests that systematic measurement of VR across the fault zone is helpful in identifying slip zones and determining their widths.From the VR measurement on an oriented specimen containing the slip surface of the Wenchuan earthquake from the Shenxigou outcrop,we observed anomalous high VR values in two black-colored slip zones of about 2mm in width near the slip surface.The numerical calculation shows that the maximum temperature rise on the fault plane near Shenxigou was probably less than 162℃ during the Wenchuan earthquake,which means the dynamic fault strength was quite low.These estimations are roughly in accord with the results from the high-velocity frictional experiments.     

由地震反射波剖面研究圣安德烈斯断层带的结构

1978年,在美国中加利福尼亚完成了一条横跨圣安德烈斯断层带的地震反射波剖面.由于断层带存在着强烈的侧向非均匀性和低速结构,观测结果极为复杂.这种断层带上的侧向速度急剧变化还有其它表征,诸如震中定位的偏移、地震节平面的变形等等.在这种情况下,处理反射波资料的常规计算与解释方法,已经难以实施.本文采用 May 和 Covey(1981)[11]的射线反演方法,根据其它地球物理资料建立初始模型,再利用真实振幅的迭加剖面,推断出其阻抗对比的分布,通过反复迭代反演,获得了速度模型.反演计算的非唯一性固然存在,但该结果与断层带地区的各种地球物理证据是一致的,并揭示了圣安德烈斯断层带的细致结构.