Book reviews

Marine decapod Crustacea of southern Australia: a guide to identification. By Gary C. B. Poore. Published in 2004 by CSIRO Publishing, P.O. Box 1139, Collingwood, VIC 3066, Australia. 608 p., hardcover. ISBN: 0–643–06906–2. Price: AU$180.00 (orders: publishing.sales@csiro.au).

Marine mammals: fisheries, tourism and management issues. Edited by Nicholas J. Gales, Mark A. Hindell and Roger Kirkwood. Published in 2003 by CSIRO Publishing, P.O. Box 1139, Collingwood, VIC 3066, Australia. 446 p., hardcover. ISBN: 0–643–06953–4. Price: AU$116 (orders: publishing.sales@csiro.au).

Freshwater fishes of north‐eastern Australia. By Brad Pusey, Mark Kennard, and Angela Arthington. Published in 2004 by CSIRO Publishing, P.O. Box 1139, Collingwood, VIC 3066, Australia. 700 p., hardcover. ISBN: 0–643–06966–6. Price: au$89.00 (orders: publishing.sales@csiro.au).     

Book reviews

Climate change in contrasting river basins: adaptation strategies for water, food and environment. Edited by J Aerts and P Droogers. Published in 2004 by CABI Publishing, 288 p., hardcover. ISBN: 0–85199–835–6. Price: US$100 (orders: services@dadirect.com.au).

Australian water bugs. Their biology and identification (Hemiptera‐Heteroptera, Gerromorpha &; Nepomorpha). By Nils M Andersen? and Tom A Weir. Published in 2004 by CSIRO Publishing/Apollo Books, P.O. Box 1139, Collingwood, VIC 3066, Australia. 344 p., hardcover. ISBN: 0–643–090517. Price: AU$135.00 (orders: publishing.sales@csiro.au).

The Lakes Handbook. Volume I: Limnology and Limnetic Ecology. Volume II: Lake restoration and rehabilitation. Edited by Patrick O'Sullivan and Colin Reynolds. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 109 Cowley Road, Oxford OX4 1JF, United Kingdom (http//www.blackwellpublishing.com). Volume I (published in 2003) 712 p., hardcover. ISBN: 0632047976. Price: £125. Volume II (published in 2004) 568 p., hardcover. ISBN: 063204795X. Price: £125.     

Book reviews

A key to common algae. Freshwater, estuarine and some coastal species. By E. G. Bellinger. The Institution of Water and Environmental Management, United Kingdom. Fourth edition. Published in 1992.138 p. ISBN 1–870752 163.

Greater Cook Strait. By T. F. W. Harris, University of Auckland Marine Laboratory, Leigh. Published in 1990 by DSIR Marine & Freshwater, Wellington, New Zealand. ISBN 0–477–02580–3.

Samples of New Zealand science on CD‐ROM (for IBM‐compatibles only). Edited by J. A. Jasperse, 1992. SIR Publishing, Wellington. ISBN 0–908654–34–0. Price: NZ/US$50.00.     

Book reviews

Detritus and microbial ecology in aquaculture. B7 Editors: D. J. W. Moriarty and R. S. V. Pullin, 1987. Proceedings for the Conference on Detrital Systems for Aquaculture, Italy, August 1985. 420 p. ISSN 0115–4389, ISBN 971–1022–29‐X. Price: US$12.50 surface. Available from ICLARM, MC P. O. Box 1501, Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines.

Coastal fishes of New Zealand, a diver's identification guide. By Malcolm Francis, 1988. Heinemann Reed, Octopus Publishing Group Ltd., Auckland. 63 p. Price: $29.95. ISBN 0–7900–0013‐X.

Lake managers handbook. Editor: W. N. Vant 1987, Water Quality Centre, Ministry of Works and Development, Hamilton. Water & Soil Miscellaneous Publication 103, 230 p., 53 figures, 12 colour plates. Price: $38.50. ISSN 0110–4705. Available from DSIR Publishing, P.O. Box 9741, Wellington, New Zealand.     

Book reviews

Behavioural biology of killer whales. Editors: C. Kirkevold and J. S. Lockard. Zoo Biology Monographs, Volume 1. Alan Liss Inc., New York, 1986. 457 p. ISBN 0–8451–3100–1. Price: US$79.50.

Aquaculture of Cyprinids. Editors: R. Billard and J. Marcel. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 1986. 504 p. Price FF150.00. Available from INRA Publications, Route de St Cyr, 78000 Versailles, France.

The Peruvian anchoveta and its upwelling ecosystem: three decades of change. Editors: D. Pauly and I. Tsukayama. Institute) del Mar del Peru (IMARPE); Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ); International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management (ICLARM) 1987.351 p. ISBN 971–1022–34–6, ISSN 0115–4389. Price US$17.50 surface; US$36 airmail. Available from ICLARM, MCP.O. 1501, Makati, Metro Manilla, Philippines.

The freshwater planktonic blue‐greens (Cyanophyta/Cyanobacteria) of New Zealand: a taxonomic guide. By M. K. Etheredge and R. D. Pridmore. Published for the National Water and Soil Conservation Authority, 1987. 122 p, including 93 figures. ISSN0110–4705. Price $38.50. Available from DSIR Publishing, P.O. Box 9741, Wellington, New Zealand.     

Book reviews

Glossary of aquatic habitat inventory terminology. Compiled by Neil B. Armantrout. Published in 1998 by American Fisheries Society. 150 p. ISBN 1–888569–11–5. Price: US$33.00 (available from: APS Publication Fulfillment, P. O. Box 1020, Sewickley, PA 15143, United States).

Studying temperate marine environments— a handbook for ecologists. Edited by Michael Kingsford and Christopher Battershill. Published in 1998 by Canterbury University Press, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand (email: m.bradstock@cup.canterbury.ac.nz). 344 p., limpbound. ISBN 0–908812–54‐X. Price: NZ$49.95.     

Book review

Geotechnical Aspects of Coastal and Offshore Structures. Edited by Yudhair and A. S. Balasubramaniam. Proceedings of the Symposium on Geotechnical Aspects of Coastal and Offshore Structures, Bangkok, December 14–18,1981. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1983. 280 pp. $40.00.

The Seaside Naturalist: A Guide to Nature Study at the Seashore. Written and illustrated by D. A. Coulombe. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice‐Hall, Inc., 1984. 246 pp. $12.95.

Ichnology, Trace Fossils in Sedimentology and Stratigraphy. By A. A. Ekdale, R. G. Bromley, and S. G. Pemberton. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Short Course No. 15. Tulsa, Okla.: S.E.P.M., 1984. 317 pp. S.E.P.M. members, $16.00; non‐members, $20.00.     

Book review

The behavior and natural history of the Caribbean reef squid Sepioteuthis sepioidea. By Martin Moynihan and Arcadio F. Rodaniche, 1982. Advances in Ethology, No. 25. Berlin and Hamburg, Verlag Paul Parey. 150 p., 42 figures, 9 tables. ISBN 3 ‐ 489 ‐ 61936 ‐ 6 (soft cover). Price DM 48, approximately US$21.60.     

Book review

Metal contamination in aquatic environments: science and lateral management. By Samuel N. Luoma and Philip S. Rainbow. Published in 2008 by Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom (www.cambridge.org). 573 p, hardcover. ISBN 978–0‐521–86057–4. Price au$200.00.     

Book reviews

Mechanics of Sediment Transport. Edited by B. Mutlu Sumer and A. Muller. Proceedings of Euromech 156, Istanbul, 12–14 July 1982. Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1983. 285 pp. $45.00.

Gear Drive Systems: Design and Application, Peter Lynwander, New York and Basel: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1983. Price: $49.50.     

Book reviews

J. Albertz. Grundlagen der Interpretation von Luft‐und Satellitenbildern: eine Einfuhrung in die Fernerkundung (Fundamentals of Interpretation of Aerial and Satellite Images: An Introduction to Remote Sensing). Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1991. 204 pp. Hardcover. U.S. $40.00–45.00. ISBN 3–534–07838–1.

International Symposium on Marine Positioning Proceedings, “Marine Positioning into the 1990's.” Marine Geodesy Committee/MTS, 1991. 594 pp. Hardcover. U.S. $139.00. ISBN 91–060360.     

Measurement of oxygen production and demand in lake waters

An analysis of the New Zealand whale stranding record by M. W. Bradyn. Science and Research Series 29. ISSN 0113–3713, ISBN 0–478–01278–6. Available from Department of Conservation, Wellington. Price: $15.00.

Fish quality control by computer vision, edited by L. F. Pau and R. Olafsson. Published by Marcel Dekker, Inc.     

A Review of: “Place Matters:”

Oceanography, Units 1–16 edited by J. Stewart (Open University Press, 1977), 755 pp.

The Thermohaline Fine Structure of the Ocean by K. N. Fedorov (New York: Pergamon Press, Pergamon Marine Series. Volume 2, 1978). Translated from Russian by D. A. Brown, Technical Editor: J. S. Turner, 170 pp., no price listed.

The Ocean Basins and Margins edited by Alan E. M. Nairn and Francis G. Stehli, with William H. Kanes (New York: Plenum Press, Vol. 1–4A, 4B, 1973, 1979, 1975, 1977, and 1978) approx. 3,000 pp.

Recent Crustal Movements, 1977 edited by C.A. Whitten, R. Green, and B.K. Meade (New York: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., 1979), 663 pp., hardcover, $78.00.

The Alaskan Shelf‐Hydrographic, Sedimentary, and Geotechnical Environment by Ghanshyam Datt Sharma (New York: Springer Verlag, 1979), 498 pp., hardcover, $29.80.     

Book Review

B. Hofmann‐Wellenhof, H. Lichtenegger, and J. Collins. GPS Theory and Practice, 3d., rev. ed. 1994, 355 pp.     

Mass movements,geotechnical properties,and slope stability in the outer shelf—Upper slope,northwestern Aegean sea

Abstract

Subbottom profiling (3.5 kHz) in the uppermost slope of the outer shelf of the northwestern Aegean Sea has shown downslope slumping and intense sediment deformation as well as a succession of microslumping within the Late Pleistocene delta sequences. Postdeposition bottom erosion by currents and the overconsolidated sediments (Cu/Po > 1) indicate the termination of deformations a long time ago. Deformation processes are estimated to have been active 18,000–10,000 B.P. Large‐scale active downslope deformations with clockwise sediment block rotation have affected the area as well. These longer‐period deformations are associated with regional neotectonics and older unconformities (i. e., Plio‐Pleistocene) as potential slide planes.

Geotechnical properties reflect mainly textural variations and locally (within sapropelic layers) high organic matter content. Relatively high values of shear strength were measured (5–29 kPa) with intermediate sensitivities (2–5), whereas relatively low values of water content (33–81%) were found along the five selective sediment cores.

Infinity slope stability analysis revealed that the slopes in the study area are most stable, although theoretical evaluations (Cu estimated from linear regression analysis) indicate relative instability for the potential glide plane at 20 m depth. The outer shelf is covered by compact relict sands, and their gentle and low‐angle (<0.2°) slopes are the most stable region of the investigated area.     

Tidal estimation in the pacific with application to SEASAT altimetry

Abstract

The techniques for computing the eigenfunctions of the velocity potential (Proudman functions) set out in Sanchez et al. (1986) in relation to the Atlantic‐Indian Ocean are here applied to the Pacific Ocean, using a 6° × 6° grid of 510 points (455 points for the associated stream functions). Normal modes are computed from the first 150 Proudman functions and have natural periods from 43.9 hours downwards. Tidal syntheses are derived from these modes by direct application of the (frictionless) dynamic equations and by least‐squares fitting of Proudman functions to the dynamically interpolated tide‐gauge data of Schwiderski (1983). The modes contributing most energy to the principal harmonic tidal constituents are different in the two computations; their natural periods are typically in the range of 9–16 hours for semidiurnal, 14–43 hours for diurnal tides. The RMS of fit for Proudman functions is in all cases better than the corresponding value for the same number of spherical harmonics.

Before fitting the Proudman functions to the altimetry from the 3‐day repeat cycle of Seasat, the data are processed by novel methods. The geoid component is eliminated by taking collinear differences at a fixed time‐lag of two repeat cycles. Orbit errors are reduced by extracting the 1 rev^?1 component at every ascending node; this component varies slowly and nonlinearly in time. The spatial fitting process includes M₂ and O₁ frequencies, both of which emerge with significant and realistic tidal mapping, but residual noise in the data limits the number of Proudman functions to about 50–60 before showing signs of “over‐fitting.”; Fitting the same data by spherical harmonics gives marginally lower predicted variance for the same number of parameters.     

Preface

Identification of Seismic Sources—Earthquake or Underground Explosion Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute held at Voksenåsen, Oslo, Norway, September 8–18, 1980, edited by E. S. Husebye and S. Mykkeltveit. (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: D. Reidel Publishing Company, published in cooperation with NATO Scientific Affairs Division, NATO Advanced Study Institute, Series C, Vol. 74, 1981), 876 p.

Current Research in Earthquake Prediction I edited by T. Rikitake, Report No. 2, Developments in Earth and Planetary Sciences, Centre for Academic Publications, Tokyo, (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1981), 383 p.

Air‐Sea Interaction: Instruments and Methods edited by F. Dobson, L. Hasse, and R. Davis. (New York: Plenum Press, 1980), 692 p.

Structure of Transition Zone edited by S. Asano. Published by Center for Academic Publications Japan, Tokyo. (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: D. Reidel Publishing Company. 1980.

The Sea Floor: An Introduction to Marine Geology by E. Seibold and W. H. Berger (Berlin: Springer‐Verlag, 1982), 288 p. $20.00.

Reference Coordinate Systems for Earth Dynamics Proceedings of the 56th Colloquium of the International Astronomical Union held in Warsaw, Poland, September 8–12, 1980, edited by E. M. Gaposchkin, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A., and B. Kolaczek, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland (D. Reidel Publishing Company Dordrecht, the Netherlands/Boston, U.S.A./London, England, 1981) 414 p. hard cover.

The Geomorphology of the Great Barrier Reef by David Hopley (New York; John Wiley &; Sons, 1982) $59.95.     

Limnology of Lake Rotokawa and its outlet stream

Abstract

The water chemistry, flora, and fauna of Lake Rotokawa (38° 37.8’ S, 176° 11.2'E) was studied in 1975–76. The mean pH is 2.1 and thermal inflows may elevate the mean summer temperature of the surface waters 4.2°c above that of nearby cold water Lake Rotongaio (18.9°c). The temperature range of surface water was from 10.1 °c in winter to 23.1°c in summer. The major anions were SO₄ ^2? 679 g.m^?3, and Cl‐ 314 g.m^?3. Mean concentrations of major cations were Na⁺ 224 g.m^?3, K⁺ 28.9 g.m^?3, Ca²⁺ 13.3 g.m^?3, and Mg²⁺ 2.6 g.m^?3.

Two species of flagellate algae were recorded, of which Euglena anabaena was predominant. Only two benthic macroinvertebrates were found, larvae of Chironomus zealandicus, mean density 253 per square metre, and Helobdella sp., 1.3 per square metre.

The Parariki Stream was influenced by thermal springs in its upper and lower reaches, being cooler (24–25°c) about halfway along its length than near its source (27.8–39.0°c) or confluence (26.5°‐28.0°c) with the Waikato River. In the cooler stretch of the stream where unidentified benthic algae were not limited by high temperature, chlorophyll and total pigment increased from 3.9 to 377.9 mg.m^?3 and from 17.5 to 534.4 mg.m^?3 respectively, and nutrient levels fell (NO₃‐N, 22–10.5 mg.m^?3; NH₄‐N, 6440–230 mg.m^?3; and PO₄‐P, 51–19 mg.m^?3).     

Ocean tides for satellite geodesy

Abstract

Spherical harmonic tidal solutions have been obtained at the frequencies of the 32 largest luni‐solar tides using prior theory of the author. That theory was developed for turbulent, nonglobal, self‐gravitating, and loading oceans possessing realistic bathymetry and linearized bottom friction; the oceans satisfy no‐flow boundary conditions at coastlines. In this theory the eddy viscosity and bottom drag coefficients are treated as spatially uniform. Comparison of the predicted degree‐2 components of the Mf, PI, and M2 tides with those from numerical and satellite‐based tide models allows the ocean friction parameters to be estimated at long and short periods. Using the 32 tide solutions, the frequency dependence of tidal admittance is investigated, and the validity of sideband tide models used in satellite orbit analysis is examined. The implications of admittance variability for oceanic resonances are also explored. By extending the theory to include a second constraint derived from tide observations or data‐constrained tide models, it is possible to assess those models from a fluid dynamic perspective. One general conclusion from such exercises is that the large higher‐degree admittances of current short‐period tide models are dynamically incompatible with their degree‐2 admittances. Eventually it may prove possible to produce dynamically sound, observationally consistent tide models by combining the author's tide theory with satellite orbit determination.