碧口地块东南缘韧性剪切带构造特征浅析

碧口地块东南缘发育多条倾向不同、呈NEE走向逆冲平行展布的韧性剪切带,地质信息丰富,对碧口地块构造特征解析意义重大.为探讨地块东南缘韧性剪切带的地质构造特征,对剪切带中发育的糜棱岩化绿泥石英片岩、糜棱岩进行了野外观测、显微组构和石英c轴组构分析,估算了剪切带变形温度、差应力、应变速率及运动学涡度.结果显示,韧性剪切带变...     

东昆仑造山带东段阿拉克湖地区侏罗系羊曲组地质特征及其构造意义

从沉积相角度入手,对1：50000地质填图过程中新识别出的东昆仑造山带东段阿拉克湖地区下侏罗统羊曲组进行了详细的野外观测和剖面描述,将其按岩性由老到新划分为3个岩性段,分别为下段砾岩段（J1y1）、中段砂泥岩段（J1y2）以及上段韵律层段（J1y3）等。岩石组合及沉积结构构造表明,其为一套由河流相-湖泊相-河流相组成的陆相沉积地层序列。通过区域对比及研究得出,该套地层可能是对中三叠世晚期-早侏罗世东昆仑造山带东段由挤压向伸展转换的构造事件的沉积响应。     

东昆仑造山带东段昆中构造混杂岩带左旋斜冲韧性变形特征

东昆中构造混杂岩带是经历了晚元古代、加里东末和晚海西期三次碰撞事件而形成的多旋回复合碰撞缝合带，通过对东昆中构造混杂岩带晚加里东期左旋斜冲韧性剪切变形的几何学、运动学及流变学特征的研究，探讨了其形成的构造背景，指出该期构造变形是东昆中加里东末碰撞事件的产物。     

东天山-北山造山带中大型韧性剪切带属性及形成演化时限与过程

塔里木盆地北缘的东天山-北山造山带中发育多条近E-W走向的大型韧性剪切带,它们构成了造山带中不同地体单元的主要边界,是碰撞造山及造山后的产物。本文在野外调查基础上,通过微观/宏观构造、几何学/运动学/动力学/年代学相结合的研究、厘定了东天山北山造山带中的7条大型韧性剪切带,阐述了剪切带的延伸、规模、剪切变形特征、变形条件以及形成与演化时限。并讨论了这7条不同类型韧性剪切带的形成过程以及东天山和北山古生代造山过程中所起的重要作用。     

中—新生代东昆仑造山带构造事件及柴西南盆地原型研究

柴西南盆地原型的研究由于其复杂的地质背景存在众多争论。根据盆山耦合理论,从东昆仑造山带与柴西南盆地受制于共同应力场的角度,结合二者资料及野外考察,对东昆仑山中、新生代以来的构造事件进行了厘定。以此为基础,对柴西南盆地原型的形成与改造进行了探讨。认为:中、新生代以来,东昆仑造山带与柴西南盆地一起共同经历了多期挤压与伸展事件。其中,早、中侏罗世东昆仑山可能经历了造山后伸展事件,这一事件可能是中生代柴西南原型盆地的直接成因;新生代早、中期的伸展环境及昆北断裂、阿尔金断裂的右行走滑可能是新生代柴西南原型盆地形成的主要机制。中、新生代以来的多期挤压事件对前期原型盆地有着重要的改造作用。     

桐柏造山带中剪切带的位移量及年代学研究

桐柏造山带在形成和演化过程中产生了多条韧性剪切带, 本文选取其中大河-固县剪切带和殷店-马垅剪切带作为研究对象, 分析其构造变形特征, 并利用数学法和图解法, 分别计算出两条韧性剪切带的位移量; 对殷店-马垅剪切带尝试用同构造变形石英脉的ESR测年来确定剪切带的活动年龄, 其结果与前人在该地区所获得的年龄十分吻合。大河-固县剪切带具右旋剪切的运动学特征, 运动学涡度W_k明显大于0.75, 指示以简单剪切为主, 位移量为857~867 m。殷店-马垅剪切带同样为右行剪切, 其位移量为1 081~1 113 m, 石英ESR测年结果140.6~131.5 Ma, 表明桐柏造山带碰撞后的构造变形以剪切活动为主, 活动年龄在早白垩世时期。     

东昆仑东段杏树沟金矿化带内石英钠长斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及围岩地球化学特征

东昆仑成矿带是我国西部重大成(找)矿潜力的贵金属-有色金属成矿带。野外调查期间,对东昆仑东段都兰县诺木洪南下石炭统哈拉郭勒组(C₁h)杏树沟金矿(化)点进行了年代学及围岩地球化学研究。通过高精度LA-ICP-MS锆石微区原位U-Pb同位素测年,获得金矿(化)点的石英钠长斑岩 ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U 年龄加权平均值为243.4±1.9 Ma,确定金矿(化)发生在早三叠世。地球化学分析表明,杏树沟金矿(化)点围岩(安山玄武岩)具有高Al₂O₃、Na₂O,低TiO₂、K₂O的特征。在Zr/TiO₂-Nb/Y图解中全部样品均落入安山玄武岩区,TFeO/Mg-SiO₂图解中全部样品均落入拉斑系列区域中,属于拉斑系列玄武岩。稀土和微量元素显示其富集LREE、LILE和部分HFSE,Nb、Ta、Nd、Zr、Hf相对亏损,REE表现为LREE/HREE明显分离的分配模式,从多种判别图解综合分析,认为该套火山岩形成于大陆裂谷环境中。     

Study on the plastic deformation and dynamic condition of Hatugou-Qingshuiquan-Gouli ductile shear zone in the eastern section of East KunlunEI北大核心CSCD

The Hatugou-Qingshuiquan-Gouli ductile shear zone recorded multiple cycles of orogeny in the eastern section of East Kunlun. The quartz c-axis fabric and microstructure of samples from the ductile shear zone were analyzed. We discussed the formation mechanism of subducted and crust extension-thinning of continental blocks in the eastern section of East Kunlun. Analysis results show that the deformation temperature of the ductile shear zone was between 380℃ and 650℃, which can be analogue with metamorphisms of middle-high greenschist facies to lower amphibolite facies. The differential stress and strain rate of the ductile shear zone are estimated at 173-509 MPa, 6.93×10-14-1.43×10-8 s-1, respectively, which suggest a possible origin of rapid subduction. Moreover, the deformation temperature, differential stress and strain increase toward the middle of East Kunlun fault zone, which is consistent with the fact that the middle part of the East Kunlun experienced the most intensive ductile shear deformation. The calculations of the kinematic vorticity values of the ductile shear belt show that the early transient kinematic vorticity (0.56-1.00) of ductile shear zone corresponds to the initial stage of the northward subducted southern parts of East Kunlun. In the middle to later stage, the kinematic vorticity (0.25-0.91) should correspond to the collision between southern and northern parts of East Kunlun. The latest C' instantaneous kinematic vorticity (0.19-0.51) corresponds to extensional stage in the post-orogenic setting. The quartz c-axis fabric and the structural characteristics show that the middle part of East Kunlun tectonic belt experienced at least 3 stages of tectonic movements, including the late Caledonian thrusting and left lateral strike slip shearing, the late Hercynian Indosinian thrusting and dextral strike slip shearing and the brittle ductile brittle-left lateral strike slip shearing in the early and later Yanshanian. ©, 2015, Science Press. All right reserved.     

鲁西青邑韧性剪切带运动学涡度及剪切作用类型

青邑韧性剪切带是晚太古代末期发育在鲁西前寒武纪基底花岗岩中一条规模较大的韧性剪切带。剪切带NW走向,面理直立,线理水平,剪切标志反映右行剪切。石英光轴法求得运动学涡度在0．96～0．99之间变化,极摩尔圆法求得糜棱岩化岩石运动学涡度为0．91,初糜棱岩运动学涡度为0．87,糜棱岩运动学涡度为0．81,超糜棱岩运动学涡度为0．60。运动学涡度表明,剪切带剪切作用类型为一般剪切,变形初期以单剪为主,随应变的增大,运动学涡度值逐渐减小,变形的纯剪分量不断增加,最后以纯剪为主。剪切作用类型及三维参照变形分析表明,青邑韧性剪切带属加长一变宽类型的一般剪切带并且在Y轴方向上有所增长。韧性剪切在太古代末期克拉通化过程中具有加厚陆壳的作用。     

运动学涡度及其在湘东雁林寺韧性剪切带中的应用

自然界中的剪切带通常是由简单剪切(simple shear)和纯剪切(pure shear)叠加的一般剪切带(general shear)。运动学涡度(kinematic vorticity)的引入提供了一个定量表示两种剪切成分的工具。通过测量剪切带的运动学涡度,可以清楚的了解一般剪切带中究竟是简单剪切还是纯剪切占优势。本文将运动学涡度的基本理论和极摩尔圆法对雁林寺金矿所在的湘东雁林寺韧性剪切带中所表现的运动学涡度进行测量,得出该韧性剪切带的Wk值为0.6,指示其变形以纯剪切为主,且简单剪切作用应变速率比纯剪切作用的应变速率慢。本文从微观运动学层面揭示了湘东雁林寺韧性剪切带对于雁林寺金矿的形成具有重要的意义。     

Late Caledonian Ductile Thrusting Deformation in the Central East Kunlun Belt, Qinghal, China and Its Significance： Evidence from Geochronology

Abstract A high‐angle ductile thrusting deformation with top‐to‐the‐north movement penetratively developed in the Proterozoic‐Early Paleozoic metamorphic rocks along the Central East Kunlun belt. The deformed rocks suffered epidote‐amphibolite facies metamorphism. On the basis of our previous study, we present more data in this paper to further support that the ductile thrust deformation occurred in the later Caledonian and more detailed information about the deformation. A zircon U‐Pb concordant age of 446±2.2 Ma of a deformed granodiorite in the ductile thrust zone was obtained and can be interpreted as the lower limit of the deformation. A syntectonically crystallized and also strongly deformed hornblende Ar/Ar dating gives an Ar/Ar plateau age of 426.5±3.8 Ma, which represents the deformation age. A strongly orientated muscovite gives an Ar/Ar plateau age of 408±1.6 Ma, representing the cooling age after the peak temperature, constraining the upper limit of the ductile thrust deformation. This ductile thrust deformation can be interpreted as the result of the closing of the Central East Kunlun archipelago ocean. To the north, Ar/Ar plateau ages of 382.9±0.2 Ma and 386.8±0.8 Ma of muscovite in the deformed Xiaomiao Group represent the uplift cooling ages of deeper rocks after the thrusting movement. The original thrusting foliation has a low angle. A rotation model was put forward to explain the development of the foliation from the original low‐angle to present high‐angle dipping.     

Late Caledonian Ductile Thrusting Deformation in the Central East Kunlun Belt, Qinghai, China and Its Significance: Evidence from Geochronology

A high-angle ductile thrusting deformation with top-to-the-north movement penetratively developed in the Proterozoic-Early Paleozoic metamorphic rocks along the Central East Kunlun belt. The deformed rocks suffered epidote-amphibolite facies metamorphism. On the basis of our previous study, we present more data in this paper to further support that the ducdle thrust deformation occurred in the later Caledonian and more detailed information about the deformation. A zircon U-Pb concordant age of 446±2.2 Ma of a deformed granodiorite in the ductile thrust zone was obtained and can be interpreted as the lower limit of the deformation. A syntectonically crystallized and also strongly deformed hornblende Ar/ Ar dating gives an Ar/Ar plateau age of 426.5±3.8 Ma, which represents the deformation age. A strongly orientated muscovite gives an Ar/Ar plateau age of 408±1.6Ma, representing the cooling age after the peak temperature, constraining the upper limit of the ductile thrust deformation. This ductile thru     

东昆仑东段中更新世以来的成山作用及其动力转换

对东昆仑造山带东段第四纪构造及与地貌关系的分析表明，现代山盆相间的地貌格局成型于中更新世，且在中更新世以来发生了多次构造变形体制的转换。根据布青山北部查干额热格地区第四系剖面的构造、地层时代及地层与构造关系的分析表明，中更新世时期为伸展构造体制，昆仑山内部开始发生了差异隆升，布青山开始崛起。中更新世末应力体制发生急剧变化，由伸展体制转为收缩事件，又急速转为伸展构造体系，短暂的收缩事件造成了中更新世冲洪积层的褶皱，随后的伸展则导致了影响深刻的向北依次断落的阶地状正断层系统。晚更新世应力体系再度发生重大转换，伸展正断层体系被左旋走滑运动体系所代替，并一直延续至今。中更新世以来多次隆升构造变形体制的转换说明东昆仑地区的成山过程受控于多种动力背景，而非单一的挤压抬升。隆升构造变形体系的确定及其时代约束为深入刻划青藏高原东北缘隆升作用的动力过程提供了重要信息。     

郯庐断裂带南段晚期韧性剪切带涡度分析及其构造意义

天然剪切带通常都是简单剪切和纯剪切叠加的一般剪切的产物。通过测量韧性剪切带的运动学涡度，可以很好地解决剪切带变形过程中究竟是简单剪切占优势还是纯剪切占优势的问题。本次研究中利用石英C轴组构与主应变比值的方法以及石英C轴组构与斜列颗粒形态的方法，测量了郯庐断裂带南段晚期韧性剪切带的运动学涡度。获得的运动学涡度主要介于0．80～0．95之间，明显大于0．75且小于1，指示郯庐晚期左旋走滑韧性剪切带的变形以简单剪切为主的同时，还存在一个纯剪切分量。根据本次研究获得的涡度值、断层产状以及断裂带的运动学特征综合分析，可以认为郯庐晚期韧性剪切带是一个具有压扭性质的走滑构造。并且，本次工作中获得的运动学涡度支持伊佐奈崎板块与欧亚板块的边界为典型的汇聚型板块边界的现有成果。     

东昆仑东段阿斯哈矿床石英闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及岩石地球化学特征

阿斯哈石英闪长岩体位于东昆仑中央隆起带,侵入于古元宇金水口岩群中。岩体内产有阿斯哈大型金矿床,石英闪长岩与该区金矿形成具有密切的时空关系。采用锆石LA-ICP-MS、XRF和ICP-MS对石英闪长岩进行了定年以及地球化学测定。研究表明：该区石英闪长岩属钙碱性准铝质岩石,具有I型花岗岩的特征;其成岩年龄为（238.4±1.4） Ma;岩体稀土配分曲线几近一致,显示为同源岩浆演化特点,均表现出轻稀土相对富集的右倾特征,Eu具有弱的负铕异常;岩体明显富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素;具有明显的“TNT”负异常,显示出安第斯型岩浆弧火成岩构造属性;岩石Rb/Sr和Nb/Ta值介于地壳和地幔之间,并广泛发育暗色微粒包体,表明岩浆的壳幔混合成因。综上所述认为：阿斯哈金矿床石英闪长岩具有I型花岗岩特征,形成于印支期,具有壳幔混合的特征。     

Deformation Structures of the Madao Gneiss in South Qinling: Structural Analysis, Geochronological Constraints, and Tectonic Implications

The tectonic evolution of South Qinling,which is a main part of the Qinling orogenic belt,is still in dispute and deformation history of South Qinling is poorly studied.In this paper,detailed structural,microstructural,quartz c-axis fabric analysis,and geochronology results for the Madao gneiss in South Qinling are presented to characterize the deformation history.Results show that rocks in the northern part(Tiefodian-Laozhanggou) experience general shearing and deform at relative low temperature.The shear sense generally is south to north.In contrast,rocks in the southern part(Laozhanggou-Panjiahe) are weakly sheared with pure shear features and evidence of hightemperature deformation.Based on the analyses,we conclude that there exist two distinct deformation geometries in the Madao gneiss and accordingly we can divide the deformation into two stages.The early stage is represented by regional shortening,while the late stage features northward thrust shearing and evidence shows that it was a progressive process between them.LA-ICP MS U-Pb dating of zircons from pre-deformational migmatite veins yields age of 198.5 ± 2.0 Ma.This result,in combination with the age of post-deformational granite,indicates that the northward thrust shearing of the Madao gneiss occurred in the Late Triassic.In view of these results and other reported data in South Qinling,we propose that deformation in Madao gneiss may result from the initial collision and subsequent northward accretion in Late Triassic.     

新疆东昆仑西段铁矿预测区的圈定及资源量估算-基于ArcGIS平台

研究区属华北板块的柴达木地块的早古生代陆缘活动带（祁曼塔格裂陷槽）,即祁漫塔格早古生代岩浆型被动陆缘。本文基于ArcGIS平台,通过建立研究区铁矿资源潜力评价模型,以沉积变质型铁矿为例,对新疆东昆仑西段的铁矿资源进行预测区的圈定,并对圈定的靶区进行优选。由于沉积变质型铁矿主要与沉积地层、岩石分布状况有关,总结出本研究区沉积变质型铁矿主要控矿因素包括沉积地层、Fe元素异常、岩石组合等。本文选取（1）沉积地层、（2）Fe元素异常这两个方面的证据图层对研究区铁矿资源进行预测,共固定了3个沉积变质型预测区,其中A类1处,C类2处。在成矿区带圈定的基础上,估计区带内未发现矿床的个数;对预测区矿点的分布、品位、矿石量（吨位）的分布特征进行模拟,来获得资源量的估算,对研究区铁矿资源潜力做出快速、准确的评价。此次研究表明新疆东昆仑西段具有一定的铁矿资源潜力。