京津冀地区线环构造遥感地质解译与控矿规律分析

线性构造和环形构造与矿产的生成有着密切的内在联系. 在京津冀地区地质背景与矿产资料搜集的基础上,获取京津冀地区Landsat 8 OLI遥感影像,继而对遥感影像上的线性和环形构造进行遥感地质解译;并借助于ArcGIS平台对研究区内的线性构造和环形构造及其交汇部位进行缓冲区分析,根据线性、环形构造的影像特征及其与矿点的产出关系,总结出线-环形构造的控矿规律及控矿模式,为以后遥感找矿、圈定成矿远景区提供依据.     

得尔布干成矿区黑山头以北地区重、磁、遥构造解译

得尔布干成矿区黑山头以北地区为森林-沼泽景观区,岩石露头极少,交通十分不便.因此,对该区的区域性重、磁、遥解译显得十分必要,可为地质、矿产调查提供重要信息.重、磁、遥解译认为,较发育的线性构造有NE、NW及NNE、E-W、S-N向等.在上黑龙江拗陷区及额尔古纳隆起区,线性构造主要为NE与NW向,并构成菱形格状构造.区内NE、NW及S-N向裂隙与控矿关系密切.磁、遥解译的环形构造常常是中生代火山-侵入中心,是成矿的重要热源或热液源.     

吉林省五凤—五星山金矿地区遥感地质特征与找矿远景分析

五凤—五星山金矿地区成矿受火山喷发机构控制,具有热液成矿特征。本区为构造控矿,特别是多种构造交汇处更利于成矿。通过遥感地质解译确定了本区的线性构造和环形构造,环形构造的成因与隐伏岩体有关。据此在多种构造交汇处为找矿首选靶区,并划分出找矿远景区,为今后在该区找矿指明了方向。     

新疆西天山吐拉苏火山盆地金矿的构造控矿规律

新疆西天山吐拉苏火山盆地金矿在不同尺度上受不同级别的构造控制。在大地构造尺度上，Ⅰ级控矿构造为与博罗科努丰生代岛弧带平行的NWW向基底断裂带，该断裂带控制与石炭纪火山岩有关的金矿带的展布，在区域尺度上，Ⅱ级控矿构造为NW向走滑断裂和NE向张笥断裂，控制金矿床的分布。在矿床尺度上，Ⅲ级控矿构造为陡倾的近SN向张性断裂和与破火山口有关的环状断裂，控制金矿体的定位和产状。     

宁芜向山-皇姑山地区硫铁矿床遥感地质预测

通过对向山—皇姑山地区遥感地质解译研究认为 ,北北东向与北东向、北北西向及北北西向与北东向线性构造交汇部位和环形构造内部是控制区内硫铁矿床 (点 )的重要控矿构造 ;硫铁矿化在空间分布上与火山构造关系密切。尝试利用控矿构造和硫铁矿化的成矿有利半径对区内硫铁矿床进行遥感地质预测 ,圈定出莺子山和皇姑山 2个有利成矿地区的范围。     

德钦—下关地区铅锌矿控矿构造及成矿预测遥感地质研究

该项工作利用美国一、二号陆地卫星MSS数字化磁带经I~2S_101图象处理系统作多种功能数字图象处理的卫星影象图进行地质解译。通过解译,区内共划分出18条线性构造密集带和8个环块构造发育区;4个I级、5个II级、6个Ⅲ级影象地质单元。铅锌矿化富集地段是在南北向线性构造密集带与东西向线性构造的交汇部位,若有北北东-南南西向线性构造复合,则可出现矿床。环形构造就发育在这些构造交汇部位。金顶特大型铅锌矿床即赋存在大环套小环,小环又叠置连生的环形构造发育部位。根据卫星影象解译所获得的地质信息,结合已知的铅锌成矿规律,进行了成矿远景预测区的圈定,共圈出A类3个、B类2个、C类13个。在A类预测区金顶铅锌矿床的外围,发现2个富银多金属含矿带,结合地表矿化,指出3个普查评价靶区。     

内蒙红花沟金矿控矿断裂构造

红花沟金矿床属岩浆热液型脉状金矿。从构造与矿脉关系入手，分析已知矿脉分布规律，强调矿脉产出的构造部位，提出导矿构造，交汇构造和派生构造三种控矿构造。矿区内Ⅱ级断裂构造为导矿构造，北北西向或北西西向导矿断裂与东西向韧性剪切带相交汇区为有利的成矿区间，导矿构造的派生构造是赋存的最有利部位。据此规律预测了重点找太靶区并已为矿山找到了新的隐伏矿体，是矿山地质探矿的重大突破。     

西天山吐拉苏—也里莫墩金态矿带简述

吐拉苏－也里莫墩矿带是西天山地区重要金矿成矿区，矿带内金矿赋存于晚古生代中期张张（裂谷）环境下形成的早石炭世火山岩带内，金矿围岩为下石炭统大哈拉军山组陆火山岩，成矿时代为早石炭世社内－韦宪早期。矿带内金矿化可分为浅成温热液系统（冰长石－绢云母型、硅化岩型）、斑岩型和沉积砾岩型。矿带内东、西两段控矿构造有差异；西部吐拉苏地区的阿希、京希开布拉克、尔曼得等金矿产于京希－阿希近南北向火山构造拗陷带内的火机机构构造系统（冰长石－绢云母型）和层间裂隙带（硅化岩型）中；东部也里莫墩地区的地曼、铁列克特、小于赞等金矿床（点）产于吾拉斯台－郎布拉近东西向火山构造隆起带内的次火山穹丘构造系统中。     

应用遥感技术对吉林省南部内生金属矿产分布规律的探讨

应用多种遥感图象对吉林省南部的通化地区、浑江地区综合解译后发现,此区的线性构造以北东向呈连续带状、近东西向为断续带状、北西向略具分带性为特征,环状构造多在不同方向线状构造带交汇部位成群出现。区内众多的内生金属矿床(点)多分布在不同方向线性构造带交汇部位的环状构造群内,根据这一关系,预测遥感影象类同的复兴屯等四个地区为找寻内生金属矿产的最佳远景区。     

西藏冈底斯东段遥感构造解译及成矿靶区圈定

[摘 要]通过利用Landsat ETM+遥感影像数据对西藏冈底斯东段进行线性构造和环形构造解译,研究线性构造和环形构造在遥感影像中的特征,选择合适的波段组合,并采用去相关拉伸、边缘检测等方法增强图像线性特征,提取构造信息。结合研究区已知地质资料和已知矿点资料,对线性构造和环形构造的分布规律进行分析和评价。结果表明东西向线性构造是研究区的最主要构造,与北西向、北东向线性构造交汇区并与环形构造交叠区是有利的成矿区域,与已知矿点相吻合,并且还圈定出若干个找矿远景区。     

Structural Mapping of the Bentong‐Raub Suture Zone Using PALSAR Remote Sensing Data,Peninsular Malaysia: Implications for Sediment‐hosted/Orogenic Gold Mineral Systems Exploration

The Bentong‐Raub Suture Zone (BRSZ) of Peninsular Malaysia is one of the major structural zones in Sundaland, Southeast Asia. It forms the boundary between the Gondwana‐derived Sibumasu terrane in the west and Sukhothai Arc in the east. The BRSZ is genetically related to the sediment‐hosted/orogenic gold deposits associated with the major lineaments in the Central Gold Belt of Peninsular Malaysia. In this investigation, the Phased Array type L‐band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) satellite remote sensing data were used to map major geological structures in Peninsular Malaysia and provide detailed characterization of lineaments and curvilinear structures in the BRSZ, as well as their implication for sediment‐hosted/orogenic gold exploration in tropical environments. Major structural lineaments such as the Bentong‐Raub Suture Zone (BRSZ) and Lebir Fault Zone, ductile deformation related to crustal shortening, brittle disjunctive structures (faults and fractures) and collisional mountain range (Main Range granites) were detected and mapped at regional scale using PALSAR ScanSAR data. The major geological structure directions of the BRSZ were N–S, NNE–SSW, NE–SW and NW–SE, which derived from directional filtering analysis to PALSAR fine and polarimetric data. The pervasive array of N–S faults in the Central Gold Belt and surrounding terrain is mainly linked to the N–S trending of the Suture Zone. N–S striking lineaments are often cut by younger NE–SW and NW–SE‐trending lineaments. Gold mineralized trend lineaments are associated with the intersection of N–S, NE–SW, NNW–SSE and ESE–WNW faults and curvilinear features in shearing and alteration zones. Compressional tectonic structures such as the NW–SE trending thrust, ENE–WSW oriented faults in mylonite and phyllite, recumbent folds and asymmetric anticlines in argillite are high potential zones for gold prospecting in the Central Gold Belt. Three generations of folding events in Peninsular Malaysia have been recognized from remote sensing structural interpretation. Consequently, PALSAR satellite remote sensing data is a useful tool for mapping major geological structural features and detailed structural analysis of fault systems and deformation areas with high potential for sediment‐hosted/orogenic gold deposits and polymetallic vein‐type mineralization along margins of Precambrian blocks, especially for inaccessible regions in tropical environments.     

西准噶尔布兰萨拉地区金成矿条件及找矿方向探讨

西准噶尔布兰萨拉地区位于谢米斯台-沙尔布提铜多金属成矿带的西段,区内已发现金矿床、金矿点、矿化点数十处,但目前尚无人对区内的金成矿条件进行系统总结和分析,下一步找矿方向不明确。本文在前人工作基础上,通过收集、整理已有的钻探、槽探、化探等资料,结合实地勘察及样品采集等工作,初步梳理出石英脉型和蚀变岩型两种金矿化成因类型。赋矿地层主要为古生界下志留统谢米斯台组,赋矿岩系为火山碎屑岩,岩性以石英脉、硅化凝灰岩等为主。晚志留世中酸性侵入岩与金矿的关系密切。北东向孟布拉克断裂为研究区内主干断裂,为导矿构造,控制着带内金矿的分布及规模,北东向、近东西向、北北东向的第二级次级断裂是主要的成矿、容矿构造。不同方向构造交汇地段、中酸性侵入体发育地段及金地球化学晕圈分布地段是研究区内下一步金矿找矿方向。     

Recognition of the regional lineaments of Iran: Using geospatial data and their implications for exploration of metallic ore deposits

The relationship between major structural lineaments and locations of ore deposits in Iran has been investigated using geospatial data. In the course of lineament extraction, satellite images, aeromagnetic data, digital elevation model (DEM) and structural maps were processed and the lineaments and large-scale faults were identified. The extracted lineaments, based on subjective assessment, from each dataset were imported into GIS software and the “lineament map of Iran” was prepared by data integration. The analysis for selecting significant lineament was mainly based on fault correlated lineament and lineament with field map fractures, which was sets as benchmarks for compiling a final output map. Four major regional lineament trends of N–S, E–W, NW–SE and NE–SW were identified in the data of all images, which are corresponded to the structural zones and the major fault systems of Iran. The mineral deposits (active and abandoned) and mineral indications database compiled are based on the published maps, papers, reports and the ore deposits data files of Geological Survey of Iran. Integrating the output of these two datasets by GIS software resulted in the “Combined Map of Lineaments and Gold, Copper, Lead, Zinc and Iron Deposits of Iran”. The number and distance of ore deposits toward the lineaments were processed by the counting and cumulative methods in the GIS software's. Approximately, over 90% of the ore deposits of Iran are located in the central part of the lineaments (15 km on each side) which are concordant with a definition of large lineament. About 50% of these mineral deposits are closer than 5 km to the lineaments. There are significant correlations between lineament density and intersections with ore deposits occurrences. The observed associations at this scale are informative in establishing exploration strategy and decreasing exploration risks for detailed work on ore deposit scale.     

安徽东至查册桥金矿断裂构造型式、控岩控矿和区域构造意义

查册桥金矿是近年在安徽省东至县发现的具一定规模的金矿床,矿床的形成与燕山期强烈的构造岩浆活动有密切的时空和成因联系。我们通过金矿勘查及专题研究,对区内的主要断裂构造进行了划分,对可观测的主要断裂构造基本特征、形成与演化、相互关系及控岩控矿作用进行较系统的研究,初步认为,区内主要断裂构造在印支期前构造基础上经印支期和燕山期强烈的构造活动形成,记录了江南过渡带北缘中生代构造转换的过程;区内断裂构造具重要的控岩控矿作用,其中高坦断裂控制了东西向构造岩浆岩带,兰程畈断层带控制了北东向构造岩浆岩带,区内的矿体多受O/S界面逆冲推(滑)覆断裂、花山洋湖断层带和北东向断层带控制,并主要赋存于其断层破碎带及次级断裂构造破碎带内。同时对区内高坦断裂表现形式、形成机制、与其他构造的关系及本区和区域控岩控矿作用进行了探讨,建立了区内主要断裂的形成模型。     

大尹格庄金矿床构造控矿规律及找矿意义

基于大尹格庄金矿床大量探采资料的综合研究,通过深入剖析其构造系统的控矿规律,探讨了其找矿意义.大尹格庄金矿床控矿断裂构造分为三级,依次控制了矿床的总体展布,矿体的规模、形态和产状及矿化的局部富集.断裂带内构造变形强度和构造岩的类型及性质组合控制了矿化和蚀变的类型、强度及产出位置.NE和NNE向压扭-张扭性断裂构造,主次级断裂的分支复合,蚀变带中脆性断裂叠加发育,断裂带沿走向和倾向产状变化,主断裂旁侧次级断裂发育等均是有利的找矿构造标志.     

Orogenic gold mineral systems of the Western Lachlan Orogen (Victoria) and the Hodgkinson Province (Queensland): Crustal metal sources and cryptic zones of regional fluid flow

Orogenic gold mineral systems in the Western Lachlan Orogen (Victoria) and the Hodgkinson Province (Queensland) produced gold provinces characterised by vastly different scales of gold endowment and strongly uneven distribution of gold mineralisation within each province. The volume of hydrous pyrite-bearing rocks undergoing metamorphic devolatilisation during thermo-tectonic events driving orogenic gold mineral systems represents a fundamental first-order constraint on the total gold endowment and its broad spatial distribution, both between and within the provinces. Most of the largest gold deposits in both regions occur in linear, richly-endowed metallogenic zones, oblique to the dominant regional structures and related to deep crustal domain boundaries. These boundaries, with only subtle surface expressions, were the major regional structural controls which promoted focused near-vertical flow of mineralising metamorphic fluids above the outer margins of cratonic blocks in the lower crust. Recognised major faults represented only more local scale and often indirect controls on the focused fluid flow, particularly effective above the deep cratonic block boundaries overlain by relatively thick crustal source rocks.     

吉林辉南石棚沟金矿床地质特征及其找矿前景

石棚沟金矿床严格受北东向韧性剪切带控制,赋矿构造主要为后期叠加于韧性剪切带之上的北东、北西向脆性剪切裂隙,以北东向为主。矿体围岩为花岗质糜棱岩,并与煌斑岩关系密切。矿石类型为贫硫化物石英脉型,呈细脉状、网格状分布,单矿脉规模一般长不超过50 m,宽不超过1 m,走向及倾向上膨缩明显并很快尖灭。结合区域韧性剪切带型金矿床构造演化与金矿化类型叠加复台关系模式认为,石棚沟金矿床处于韧性带顶端,向深部找矿潜力较大。     

Structural geochemistry of gold mineralization in the Linglong-Jiaojia district, Shandong Province, China

The Linglong-Jiaojia district is one of the most important regions containing gold deposits in China. These gold deposits can be divided into: a) the pyrite-gold-quartz vein type (Linglong type), which is controlled by brittle-ductile to ductile deformation structures, and b) the alteration-zone type (Jiaojia type), characterized by small veinlets, or the disseminated type recognized in brittle shear zones. Lode gold deposits in the Jiaojia area occur in NE brittle fracture zones, formed in a dominantly simple shear deformation regime, mainly in thrust attitude with a minor sinistral strike slip component. In the Linglong area, the lode gold deposits are located at the intersection of three types of structures: NNE and NE brittle-ductile fault zones and the ENE ductile reverse shear zone in the south of the area. The structural characteristics of these brittle shear zones are consistent with a tectonic NNW-SSE principal stress field orientation. Similar stresses explain the ENE Qixia fold axes, the Potouqing and several other ENE reverse ductile shear zones elsewhere in the region, the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone and its subsidiaries in the vicinity of the Linglong-Jiaojia district, as well as the southern ENE suture zone north of Qingdao. Therefore these structural systems occurred as part of different major tectonic events under NNW-SSE compression principal stress fields in the area. Gold deposits are hosted in smaller-scale structures within the brittle fault zones and brittle-ductile shear zones. Although ore bodies and, on a smaller scale, quartz ore veins often seem to be randomly oriented, it is possible to explain their distribution and orientation in terms of the simple shear deformation process under which they were developed. The progressive simple shear failure is characterized by various fracture modes (tension and shear) that intervene in sequence. The tension and shear fractures are influenced by the stress level (depth of burial beneath the paleosurface) in their structural behavior, show variable dilatancy (void openings) and extend on all scales. By making use of these characteristics, a progressive failure analysis can be applied to predicting the shape and extent of ore bodies as well as the styles of mineralization at any given location.     

遥感技术在黑龙江呼玛地区金矿找矿中的意义

提出了森林茂密,松散覆盖层较厚地区的遥感基础图象制作方法,利用热红外波段及生物地球化学遥感技术地植被覆盖区与金有关异常信息的提取;建立了植被覆盖区遥感构造解译标志,解译出４组线性构造,百余个环形构造和一个大型环块构造;将区域构造应力场的演化划分为３个阶段,ＮＥ－ＮＮＥ与ＮＷ,近ＥＷ向构造带相互交织成菱形格子状构造是本区构造的基本格架;大型环块构造及其周边环形构造和菱格状构造的各“角”区,往往是金矿