共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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上海及其邻区楔形断裂系统中断层泥扫描电镜(SEM)研究及其构造意义 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文通过上海及其邻区楔形断裂系统中断层泥石英碎砾表面显微溶蚀结构与显微磨损构造的扫描电镜(SEM)研究,分别就显微溶蚀结构所反映的楔形断裂系统之相对活动年代、多期活动性与构造迁移问题以及显微磨损构造形成的应力环境与构造背景问题等展开讨论,从而揭示了上海及其邻区楔形断裂系统中断层泥石英碎砾表面显微溶蚀结构与显微磨损构造的年代学、运动学及动力学构造意义。 相似文献
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阴极发光显微技术有利于揭示经地质作用改变的断层碎砾的表面微细结构和内部晶格破坏程度。本文研究了断层泥组分、碎砾表面和横断面的阴极发光显微特征,并探讨了这些特征对于断层运动状态和地震活动研究的意义 相似文献
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郯庐断裂带南段新活动性的初步研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
由于郯庐断裂带南段的第四纪地层不发育,尽管断裂构造岩松散而未固结成岩,也难以应用地层变位法来确定它的最新活动时代和活动方式。笔者在发育断层泥的断裂露头剖面上,采集断层泥样品9个,通过扫描电镜——石英碎砾刻蚀形貌法来确定它的新动活性。根据石英碎砾的刻蚀形貌类型判定断层的最新活动时代和活动方式;蠕滑?粘滑?从而确定郯庐断裂带南段的最新活动时代在N_2—Q_1或Q_2,活动方式以粘滑为主。 相似文献
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Field studies and seismic data show that semi-brittle flow of fault rocks probably is the dominant deformation mechanism at the base of the seismogenic zone at the so-called frictional-plastic transition. As the bottom of seismogenic fault, the dynamic characteristics of the frictional-plastic transition zone and plastic zone are very important for the seismogenic fault during seismic cycles. Granite is the major composition of the crust in the brittle-plastic transition zone. Compared to calcite, quartz, plagioclase, pyroxene and olivine, the rheologic data of K-feldspar is scarce. Previous deformation studies of granite performed on a quartz-plagioclase aggregate revealed that the deformation strength of granite was similar with quartz. In the brittle-plastic transition zone, the deformation characteristics of granite are very complex, temperature of brittle-plastic transition of quartz is much lower than that of feldspar under both natural deformation condition and lab deformation condition. In the mylonite deformed under the middle crust deformation condition, quartz grains are elongated or fine-grained via dislocation creep, dynamic recrystallization and superplastic flow, plagioclase grains are fine-grained by bugling recrystallization, K-feldspar are fine-grained by micro-fractures. Recently, both field and experimental studies presented that the strength of K-feldspar is much higher than that of quartz and plagioclase. The same deformation mechanism of K-feldspar and plagioclase occurred under different temperature and pressure conditions, these conditions of K-feldspar are higher than plagioclase. The strength of granite is similar to feldspar while it contains a high content of K-feldspar. High shear strain experiment studies reveal that granite is deformed by local ductile shear zones in the brittle-plastic transition zone. In the ductile shear zone, K-feldspar is brittle fractured, plagioclase are bugling and sub-grain rotation re-crystallized, and quartz grains are plastic elongated. These local shear zones are altered to local slip-zones with strain increasing. Abundances of K-feldspar, plagioclase and mica are higher in the slip-zones than that in other portions of the samples (K-feldspar is the highest), and abundance of quartz is decreased. Amorphous material is easily formed by shear strain acting on brittle fine-grained K-feldspar and re-crystallized mica and plagioclase. Ductile shear zone is the major deformation mechanism of fault zones in the brittle-plastic transition zone. There is a model of a fault failed by bearing constant shear strain in the transition zone:local shear zones are formed along the fractured K-feldspar grains; plagioclase and quartz are fine-grained by recrystallization, K-feldspar is crushed into fine grains, these small grains and mica grains partially change to amorphous material, local slip-zones are generated by these small grains and the amorphous materials; then, the fault should be failed via two ways, 1)the local slip-zones contact to a throughout slip-zone in the center of the fault zone, the fault is failed along this slip-zone, and 2)the local slip-zones lead to bigger mineral grains that are in contact with each other, stress is concentrated between these big grains, the fault is failed by these big grains that are fractured. Thus, the real deformation character of the granite can't be revealed by studies performing on a quartz-plagioclase aggregate. This paper reports the different deformation characters between K-feldspar, plagioclase and quartz under the same pressure and temperature condition based on previous studies. Then, we discuss a mode of instability of a fault zone in the brittle-plastic transition zone. It is still unclear that how many contents of weak mineral phase(or strong mineral phase)will control the strength of a three-mineral-phase granite. Rheological character of K-feldspar is very important for study of the deformation characteristic of the granitic rocks. 相似文献
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通过对福建九龙江下游NW向断裂带断层上覆地层的切割关系、断裂两侧第四纪等时地貌面的差异性变化、浅层地震勘探、断层两侧钻孔探测等资料分析,研究了断裂第四纪以来的活动特征及断裂构造的组合特征.结果表明:(1)郭坑—江东桥断裂(F1)、珠坑断裂(F3)、金峰—大帽山断裂(F7)为早第四纪(Q1-2)断裂;岱山岩—珩坑断裂(F6)的观音山—古湖段为早第四纪(Q1-2)断裂、古湖—洪塘段为晚更新世活动断裂;覆船山—康山断裂(F4)、九龙江(西溪)断裂(F5)为晚更新世早期活动断裂,海沧—钱屿断裂(F2)为晚更新世活动断裂.(2)郭坑—江东桥断裂和金峰—大帽山断裂将本区切割成3个地块,形成了小田坑山地垒、漳州地堑、锅尖山地垒的构造组合形式.漳州地堑再被覆船山—康山断裂和岱山岩—珩坑断裂切割成3个地块,又形成了较小的圆山地垒、九龙江西溪河谷地堑、马鞍山地垒的构造组合形式. 相似文献
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北京八宝山断裂带主要由八宝山内支、外支断裂和黄庄-高丽营断裂组成。根据野外地质资料和室内研究,认为八宝山内支断裂是燕山期的逆掩断层,已不具活动性,而外支断裂是一条规模和断距都不大的正断层,只有黄庄-高丽营断裂才是活动断层,它错断了中更新统黄土。 为了获得更多的有关八宝山断裂带活动性的资料,我们采用Kanaori提出的一种判定断层活动性的新方法,通过扫描电镜观察了八宝山断裂带的6个断层泥样品和4个有关地层中的石英颗粒表面微结构,所得结果与野外宏观地质资料相吻合 相似文献