地倾斜异常的判别

地形变是地壳构造运动的反映,地倾斜观测是测量地形变运动的方法之一.形变与地震间的内在联系是复杂的,为探索地倾斜异常与地震的关系,现就太原台1973—1982年的资料作一分析.异常判别1.年变规律改变是六级以上地震异常一个中强地震的发生,需要有几个月甚至几年的孕震过程,形变也是由渐变到突变.太原台年周期变化比较稳定,即每年转向月份基本相同,尽管倾斜量不尽相等,但形态一样.分析比较年动态的变化,是判别中强地震震前异常的有效方法.太原台倾斜观测73、74两年向量模基本一     

高邮地磁台加卸载响应比与江苏及邻近地区的地震预测

研究分析了高邮地磁台1980-2001年观测资料的加卸载响应比异常与江苏及邻近地区ML5.0以上地震之间的关系。提出了适用于高邮地磁台的地震分析预报参数。并对其内检预报效能进行了评价。     

静海地震台地磁加卸载响应比与邻区地震关系研究

研究分析了静海地磁台2002～2006年观测资料的加卸载响应比异常与邻区ML 4.0以上地震之间的关系,提出了适用于静海地磁台的地震分析预报异常形态特征和阈值判据.     

2001年三次6级左右地震前西昌地磁的虚假异常研究

2001年，在西昌地磁台300km范围内连续发生了三次6级左右地震；即2月23日在西昌北200km的四川雅江县境内发生的6．0级地震；5月24日在西昌西南140km的盐源县内境内发生的MS5．8地震，10月27日在西昌西南260km的云南永胜发生的MS6．0地震。震前，西昌地磁台各相对观测记录分量和绝对观测量都发生了明显的异常变化。研究结果表明，由于邻近基建施工，使观测环境发生改变，引起大幅度虚假异常，这些异常 尽管与三次地震对应较好，但不是先兆异常。     

地磁短周期转换函数在地震预报中的应用

使用琼中地磁台、肇庆地磁台2004—2006年的高精度数字化地磁观测资料,采用地磁短周期转换函数研究方法,系统地分析了琼中、肇庆地磁台周边地区在此期间的地磁异常和地震的对应关系。研究结果表明,在2004年9月17日阳江M_L 5.2地震前,琼中、肇庆地磁台的地磁短周期转换函数A、B,有比较明显的前兆异常。     

极化方法在成都地磁台的应用研究

以成都台FHDZ-M15地磁组合观测系统产出的秒采样观测数据为研究对象,应用极化方法提取该台站附近几次中强震前的超低频(ULF)磁异常信号.成都台极化值长期曲线具有一定的年变化特征,利用傅里叶拟合消除周期变化后,对残差进行分析.结果显示,极化值增高现象与其后2个月内台站周边区域的M_L≥5.0地震有很好的对应关系,高值异常持续3—5日,与外空场活动无关,且逆冲型地震前的极化值异常幅值高于走滑型地震.      

伴随凤仪地震的一次地磁异常变化

1978年5月19日、20日,在下关凤仪地区接连发生了两次中强地震,震级(M_s)分别为5.1级和5.0级,震中经纬度为:25.5N,100.°3E,宏观考察估计震源深度为5公里。伴随这次地震,距震中11公里的下关地震台的磁秤记录到一个明显的地磁异常变化,这样清楚的变化在近年来的地磁观测中还不多见。分析了现有的资料,未发现有其     

2011年3月7~8日永胜站震前舒曼谐振异常数值模拟分析

2011年3月10日中国云南盈江发生5.8级地震, 3月11日日本本州岛东海岸附近海域发生9.0级地震。 2011年3月7日、 8日云南永胜地磁台站观测到了舒曼谐振前4阶振幅异常增大。 本文建立了基于三维时域有限差分方法的舒曼谐振模型, 利用该模型对盈江地震对永胜站观测到的舒曼谐振影响进行了数值分析。 通过对实验和模拟结果进行分析, 认为此次云南永胜观测到的舒曼谐振异常不仅与日本地震相关也可能与云南盈江地震相关。     

地磁垂直分量震磁异常

自1979年以来,江苏地磁垂直分量台网已进行了十年的连续观测和试验。在上述时间内发生的三次M_s>5.0级地震前都观测到地磁垂直分量异常变化。这种异常在平时是不出现的。 作者认为,在中低纬度地区,用较密集的连续观测垂直分量台网能更有效地捕捉到地震磁异常信息,以改善地磁方法预报地震的效果。     

高邮地震台地磁异常与江苏及邻区地震关系的研究

应用加卸载响应比法、日变幅逐日比法、空间相关分析法,研究分析了高邮地磁台1992～1997年地磁垂直分量观测资料发现,在中强地震前高邮台的地磁场存在明显的磁异常变化,提出了适用于高邮台的地震分析预报参数。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

Dissolved Carbohydrate Concentration,Composition, and Bioavailability to Microbial Heterotrophs in Stream Water

Dissolved total carbohydrates (DTCH), dissolved free monosaccharides (DFMS), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), biodegradable DOC (BDOC), and humic substances (HS) were measured in White Clay Creek (WCC), a stream in southeastern Pennsylvania Piedmont, USA. Samples were collected over different seasons and under baseflow and stormflow conditions. DOC concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 12.8 mg/L C with the highest concentrations associated with stormflows. Carbohydrates ranged from 0.42 to 12.4 μM and accounted for 2.9 to 12.7% of the DOC. Humic substances represented the major DOC fraction, accounting for 55 to 72% of the DOC pool under all flow conditions. The humic fraction had a lower carbohydrate content (4.4%) than the non-humic fraction of DOC (7.2%). Stormflow DOC was enriched in carbohydrates relative to baseflow DOC, but the percentage of humic-C changed little. Carbohydrates were primarily present as dissolved polysaccharides (55%), but a significant fraction was bound to humic substances (40%), while a small proportion was present as monosaccharides (5%). The major monosaccharides in stream water, listed in order of decreasing concentration, included glucose, galactose, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, and fucose. On average (30.6 ± 7.4)% (n = 44) of the stream water DOC was biodegradable, and carbohydrates accounted for 9.9 to 17.7% of the BDOC.