关于波力发电中波浪能量的估算

为使波力发电装置的容量与波浪力大小相匹配,就必须具备比较准确的波浪参数资料,并据此对安装波力发电装置海区的波浪能量进行估算。这样才能确保波力发电装置的可行性和经济性。本文就如何根据实地测取的波浪资料进行波浪能量的估算方法作初步探讨,在沿用其他工程领域中波浪统计方法的同时,提出新的图表和统计方法以寻求比较符合实际的波浪参数来作为波力发电装置设计时的参考。     

英国波能利用研究概况

英国波能利用历史悠久,已提出波力发电装置专利三百五十多个,其技术居世界前列。本文概述了波能利用的历史、介绍了七十年代以来英国几种主要的波力发电装置,指出存在的问题及今后发展前景。     

并联式后弯管波力发电浮体模型性能试验研究

对并联式后弯管波力发电浮体模型的波能转换性能和锚泊力进行了试验研究。结果表明并联式后弯管浮体模型的最佳响应周期基本不变，各单元浮体性能略有差异，位于中间的单元浮体性能略低于两侧的浮体，波能转换性能随浮体数量增加而下降，多点系泊使并联式后弯管装置效率提高。并联式后弯管波力发电装置采用标准化单元设计，灵活组成不同装机容量的装置，将大大降低锚泊系统、海底电缆系统的费用。     

不规则波作用下OWC沉箱气室捕能效果研究

沉箱防波堤兼作岸式波力发电装置是1种新型的港工建筑物,它是集合了防波堤与岸式振荡水柱波力发电装置的共性特点设计而成.本文主要是在物理模型的基础上,研究沉箱气室捕能效果.试验中主要采集了沉箱气室内的波高、气压以及输气管的空气流速等数据.     

航标灯用波力发电装置评议会在穗召开

中国科学院广州能源研究所研制的 BD 型航标灯用波力发电装置在南海经过两年多时间的海上试用,运行可靠、工作情况良好,即使在波浪较小的水域也取得了满意的发电效果。国家科委海洋组办公室于1986年12月9日在广州主持召开了航标灯用波力发电装置评议会,交通部水上安全监督局航测处,天津、上海、广州三个航道局航测处,上海航标厂,南     

用于波力发电的日积电量计

一、引言中国科学院广州能源研究所研制成功的 BD 功101波力发电装置是可以安装在浮体上利用浮体随海浪运动,浮体腔中心管内气流吸入或排出,推动涡轮旋转,带动发电机发电的装置,发出电能可供航标灯使用或作其它用途。为了测出装置发电量,弄清那些海域适合波浪发电,通常在波力发电装置上附装一个累积电量计,测量装置的直流发电量(安时数)。常用的电量计有 E—CELL 电量计和电动机械式电量计。前者内有一个可拆卸探头(实质为—微型精密蓄电池),测电量时对探头充     

海洋波浪能发电技术进展

作为海洋工程和新能源利用的综合课题,波浪能利用研究近年来得到广泛重视。波能转换技术日趋成熟。挪、日、英等国建造了若干座不同类型的波力电站。本文对80年代世界主要国家的波力发电技术进展及主要波能装置作了介绍;并分析了波浪能研究与利用的发展方向。     

恒向双轮波力发电机的设计与可行性分析

本文介绍恒向双轮波力发电机的设计原理,理论计算及可行性分析。该方案在性能、造价、结构等方面均优于整流型和点头鸭式波浪力发电装置。     

波能利用

本文重点论述波能与波功率的计算方法以及空气涡轮式波力发电装置的原理与构造,以便探讨适合我国情况的波能利用装置。     

浮体形状对波能转换浮标性能的影响

一、引言自1965年日本益田善雄研制成功波力发电灯浮标以来,全世界已有一千多台投入使用.上海航道局为“HF2.4～D 电浮标”配置而研制的波力发电装置已于1982年8月通过鉴定,投入小批量生产。为了探索浮标水下浮体形状对波能吸收性能的影响,我们在2.4米直径浮标原有尺寸基     

海堤上波浪爬高与越浪计算分析

基于线性波理论,采用VOF法、RNG k-ε的湍流模型,通过FLUENT软件平台的二次开发功能实现了质量源造波。利用多孔介质模型,在动量方程里添加多孔介质源项,对斜坡堤上铺设异型块体时的爬高与越浪进行了数值模拟,并通过模拟爬高值率定出FLUENT中多孔阻力系数与多种异形块体糙渗系数之间的关系,进而建立了可供实际应用的海堤上波浪爬高与越浪数值模型。     

珠江三角洲快速客船船行波模拟及其爬高研究

采用不规则波生波技术模拟珠江三角洲快速客船实测船行波,分别在波浪水槽和波浪水池中进行了船行波模拟试验研究。确定了不同波要素、不同入射角以及不同护岸坡比、平台宽窄、护面层结构等对船行波在斜坡护岸上的爬高影响,取得了船行波在斜坡式护岸上爬高的经验关系式。为珠江三角洲内河航道快速客船船行波作用下护坡的设计提供参考依据。     

Numerical study of air chamber for oscillating water column wave energy convertor

Oscillating Water Column (OWC) wave energy converting system is one of the most widely used facilities all over the world.The air chamber is utilized to convert the wave energy into the pneumatic energy.The numerical wave tank based on the two-phase VOF model is established in the present study to investigate the operating performance of OWC air chamber.The RANS equations,standard k-ε turbulence model and dynamic mesh technology are employed in the numerical model.The effects of incident wave conditions and shape parameters on the wave energy converting efficiency are studied and the capability of the present numerical wave tank on the corresponding engineering application is validated.     

Radiation impedance matrix and optimum power absorption for interacting oscillators in surface waves

The two hydrodynamic coefficients, the damping coefficient and the added-mass coefficient are incorporated into a single complex coefficient, the radiation impedance. These coefficients become matrices for a system of interacting wave-generating oscillators. A derivation and an optimization of the power absorbed by the system are obtained by using a phenomenological theory. Subsequently the phenomenological parameters are related with hydrodynamics. Finally the optimum absorption by two heaving point oscillators is considered. It is demonstrated that the optimum velocity for maximum power absorption is not in all cases in phase with the excitation force.     

内孤立波数值造波方法及其与理论和实验结果的比较

为评估不同内孤立波数值造波方法,本文基于Kd V、m Kd V和e Kd V三种理论模型,分别采用双推板、平板拍击和速度入射边界三种数值造波方法,对内孤立波进行了模拟,并将数值模拟结果与理论及实验结果进行对比和分析。结果表明:三种数值造波方法均能实现对内孤立波的模拟,但在造波效果及效率方面存在差异。速度入射边界法在造波效果及效率方面都比较好;平板拍击法的造波效果较好,效率略差;双推板法在造波效果及效率方面均略劣于以上两种方法。     

Prediction methods of spudcan penetration for jack-up units

Jack-up units are extensively playing a successful role in drilling engineering around the world, and their safety and efficiency take more and more attraction in both research and engineering practice. An accurate prediction of the spudcan penetration depth is quite instrumental in deciding on whether a jack-up unit is feasible to operate at the site. The prediction of a too large penetration depth may lead to the hesitation or even rejection of a site due to potential difficulties in the subsequent extraction process; the same is true of a too small depth prediction due to the problem of possible instability during operation. However, a deviation between predictive results and final field data usually exists, especially when a strong-over-soft soil is included in the strata. The ultimate decision sometimes to a great extent depends on the practical experience, not the predictive results given by the guideline. It is somewhat risky, but no choice. Therefore, a feasible predictive method for the spudcan penetration depth, especially in strata with strong-over-soft soil profile, is urgently needed by the jack-up industry. In view of this, a comprehensive investigation on methods of predicting spudcan penetration is executed. For types of different soil profiles, predictive methods for spudcan penetration depth are proposed, and the corresponding experiment is also conducted to validate these methods. In addition, to further verify the feasibility of the proposed methods, a practical engineering case encountered in the South China Sea is also presented, and the corresponding numerical and experimental results are also presented and discussed.     

Community structure of ammonia-oxidizing marine archaea differs by depth of collection and temperature of cultivation

We analyzed the community structure of marine ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) by sequencing the ammonia monooxygenase subunit A (amoA) gene. Cells were grown in ammonium-enriched seawater at various temperatures. Most amoA clones retrieved prior to cultivation belonged to Water Column Cluster B (WCB); however, most clones retrieved after incubation at high temperature belonged to Water Column Cluster A (WCA) or the Nitrosopumilus maritimus-like (NM) group. Some operational taxonomic units in the NM and WCA groups may be better adapted to higher temperature than those in WCB. Hence, differing temperature adaptations among AOA groups may be related to community structures and depth distributions.     

Torsionally Coupled Response Control of Offshore Platform Structures Using Circular Tuned Liquid Column Dampers

In this paper, the control performance is investigated of Circular Tuned Liquid Column Dampers (CTLCD) over torsional response of offshore platform structures excited by ground motions. Based on the equation of motion for the CTLCD-structure system, the optimal control parameters of CTLCD are given through some derivations on the supposition that the ground motion is a stochastic process. The influence of systematic parameters on the equivalent damping ratio of the structures is analyzed with purely torsional vibration and translational-torsional coupled vibration, respectively, The results show that the Circular Tuned Liquid Column Damper (CTLCD) is an effective torsional response control device.     

一种新型干树式半潜平台设计

开发了一种新型的深吃水干树式半潜生产平台(TCDD-Semi),该平台可用于中国南海深水区域的油气田开发。它的一个显著特点是立柱的截面形状呈现为渐变形式,而非传统的等截面形式。立柱的底部最大,向上逐渐变小,再结合适当的下浮体设计,能够为平台在服役前期及在位状态时提供足够的浮力以及稳性。最重要的是这种新型立柱的设计能够明显地减小平台在恶劣海况时的垂向运动,从而使在平台上布置具有干式采油树的TTR立管系统成为可能。此外,这种渐变式的立柱设计也有利于减弱平台在流作用下的涡激诱导运动(VIM)。分析结果表明这种渐变式立柱半潜平台可以明显降低平台的垂向运动,也可以在码头组装时提供足够的浮力以及在平台下沉过程中提供足够的稳性。平台优越的垂向运动性能可以使顶部张紧式立管的行程范围限制在10.5 m之内(包括平台偏移、垂荡运动、潮汐影响、海床沉降、热膨胀等因素)。分析结果表明平台的垂荡范围、水平偏移、倾侧角度、上部模块重心处的加速度等可以满足设计要求,证明了这种新型干树式半潜平台的可行性。     

岸式振荡水柱波能装置的波浪载荷及保护措施探讨

本文对振荡水柱波能装置的水柱做了时域计算，研究了内水柱在气室处于封闭状态、有阻尼状态和无阻尼状态下的动力响应。得出了相应的波浪载荷，并对波能装置的几种保护措施作了探讨。数值结果表明，带有阻尼的气室不能有效地阻止内水柱的运动，将使结构承受危险载荷的打击；全封闭的气室能有效地阻止内水柱的运动，但可能使气室里产生高压；收缩口与破浪锥联合作用，可以消耗水柱的动能，大大地减少载荷，是一种有前途的保护措施。