云南鹤庆盆地近1Ma来的气候序列重建初探

云南鹤庆盆地近1Ma来的孢粉植物群很好地揭示了本区的环境演化过程。本文利用植物生态位知识,通过模糊数学方法对鹤庆(QH)孔孢粉序列所记录的古气候信息进行重塑,建立了近1Ma来的年均温、年降水量及年较差序列,并将本区气候演化分为4个气候旋回,32个气候期。该序列可与黄土-古土壤序列及海洋^δ18O阶段对比,但冷暖波动的幅度及降温时段持续的长短有其特色,表明本区气候既受全球气候变化的控制,又受青藏高原阶段隆升的制约;近1Ma来气温的波动幅度呈递增趋势,0.30MaB.P.尤其显著;冷、暖段间年均温的变化幅度由第一气候旋回的7℃增大到第三气候旋回的9℃(按4次平滑值计算),而样点的实际最大差值由8℃增至16℃;最强烈的降温发生在第二气候旋回中的0.45～0.14MaB.P.时间段,这与玉龙雪山冰川活动规模最大相一致;降温时年降水量及年较差值增大,证实近1Ma来,西南季风区的气候组构与东南季风区不同。     

华南雷州半岛第四纪多旋回火山岩-红土系列的层序与年代

根据大量野外剖面测量和多种测年技术(包括全溶样品铀系等时线测年法、氩-氩法、热释光法和磁性地层法),初步确定了华南沿海雷州半岛第四纪多旋回火山岩-红土系列的层位、地层关系和主要层位的年龄,将火山岩-红土系列划分为7个组,其年代跨度分别为0～0.31MaB.P、031～0.48MaB.P.、0.48～0.85MaB.P.、0.85～1.25MaB.P.、1.25～1.65MaB.P.、1.65～2.05MaB.P和2.05～2.50MaB.P..这里存在着57000a.0.1Ma、0.4Ma和0.8Ma等不同时间尺度的喷发周期,这反映了华南沿海红土所记录的古环境演化的多旋回性与黄土-古土壤系列、冰碛系列以及河-湖相系列所记录的全球变化的多旋回性有着某种程度的相似性,红土的发育和演化很可能也受控于气候-构造耦合系统,并服从于气候-构造旋回的规律.     

江汉盆地始新世中、晚期气候变化周期性的孢粉学证据

采用时间序列分析方法对江汉盆地明钾1孔的孢粉数据进行了处理，发现在中、晚始新世时期孢粉植物群的波动存在各种周期成分。长周期有1.2Ma、2.0Ma及5.0Ma，中周期有0.2Ma、0.4Ma、0.6Ma、0.8Ma，其中1.2Ma及0.2Ma、0.4Ma、0.6Ma的周期成分在第四纪孢粉植物群的演化中也存在，且与8.0Ma B.P.以来的构造气候旋回，亚旋回的准1.2Ma及0.4Ma周期相一致。这表明地球运动轨道变化对气候的制约作用由来已久。该孔孢粉时间序列的趋成分显示最少有4个水平，反映了孢粉植物群演化的4个阶段。曲线还揭示36Ma B.P.前后的波动周期及振幅都有明显的变异，可能预示了一次大的环境变革。这一变化在很大程度上与喜马拉雅一期运动和地球南半球一次大的海洋和气候变冷事件相吻合。     

甘肃西峰6.2～2.4MaB.P.红粘土中孢粉记录及古植被演化

通过对甘肃西峰赵家川6.2～2.4MaB.P.红粘土地层的孢粉学研究,建立了3个孢粉组合带。孢粉组合特征显示该区在此阶段总体为干旱的草原环境,6.2～5.8MaB.P.为灌丛草原;5.8～4.2MaB.P.是稀疏森林草原,植被由大量中生性草本植物和少量喜湿性的乔木植物组成,反映当时气候相对湿润;4.2～2.4MaB.P.植被中旱生植物藜科和麻黄明显增多,反映典型草原-荒漠草原。分析认为研究区自6.2MaB.P.干旱草原环境的格局就已经形成。红粘土中孢粉记录的植被演化信息与青藏高原隆升有时代上的耦合性,也与北极冰盖的起源和演化历史有着密切的联系。     

西昌大箐梁子组形成时代及沉积环境*

对大箐梁子剖面进行了系统的磁性地层学研究和孢粉分析。磁性地层结果显示,剖面中B/M界线出现于32.6m处,剖面下部出现了C1r.2r-1n极性事件; 本次测试结合已有研究成果表明,大箐梁子组形成于1.256~0.195MaB.P.。孢粉记录反映在此期间该区经历了凉湿(1.256~1.180MaB.P.)—暖干,后期偏潮湿(1.18~0.94MaB.P.)—暖湿(0.94~0.66MaB.P.)—温湿(0.66~0.59MaB.P.)—凉干(0.59~0.40MaB.P.)—干旱(0.400~0.195MaB.P.)的6个气候演变阶段,揭示出5次明显气候转型事件。通过与青藏高原和黄土高原地区不同或相同季风环流系统中其他剖面气候特征的比较,探讨了气候转型的控制因素。分析结果表明大箐梁子剖面环境演变过程主要受青藏高原"昆黄运动"阶段性隆升与全球气候变化控制,同时也受该区季风环流的复杂性、特殊的地貌部位等区域环境的影响。     

中国东部中新世山旺古海拔与古气候的定量研究

距今 15 .5～ 17Ma的山旺中新世植物群中有 38科 74属为现存属 ,共存分析研究表明 ,它们的现代分布的共存区间为 2 9～ 32°N ,10 9～ 112°E ,海拔为 80 0～ 15 0 0m。依据共存分布区间的常年气候资料 ,获得山旺古气候参数定量数值 :年均温 7.9～ 15 .3℃ ;年较差 2 1.5～ 2 4 .4℃ ;最冷月均温 - 4 .4～3.9℃ ;最热月均温 2 0 .0～ 2 6 .2℃ ;推测中新世山旺地区为亚热带山地气候 ,山旺古湖的海拔为 80 0～ 15 0 0m     

东川拖布卡金矿地质及成矿年代学

东川拖布卡金矿是滇中昆阳群地层找矿的重大突破 ,金资源量达大型矿床规模。分褐铁矿型和石英脉型金矿石两类 ,以石英脉型金矿石为主 ,地表为氧化矿石。金矿成矿受中元古界昆阳群美党组及其近NS向脆 韧性剪切带的双重影响和控制。含金石英脉中石英的　4 0 Ar 39Ar法测年结果 :视年龄值在 4 2 38× 10 6 a～ 5 9 93× 10 6 a之间 ;等时年龄为 4 1 2 5× 10 6 a～5 9 34× 10 6 a ;反等时年龄为 4 0 2 4× 10 6 a～ 5 6 2 5× 10 6 a ;反映金的富集主要形成于喜马拉雅期 ,新生古储的特点十分明显。     

浙江天台地区赖家组的划分与分布

柴达木盆地是中国目前保存较为完整的、连续的、巨厚的河－湖相沉积记录的盆地，通过对ZK701＋801，水6孔，涩中6和涩深1井等典型剖面孢子花粉组合特征和分布规律的研究，详细地论述了第四纪孢粉组合带及其所代表的植被，气候演变进程，自1．87MaB.P.以来共识出了59个孢粉组合带，划分出29个完整的冷暖气候旋回，并且同中国西北第四纪黄土－古土壤系列的37个气候旋回以及深海钻孔氧同位素气候旋回进行了较好的对比。     

黄土中碳酸盐含量变化及其古气候记录——以兰州红咀寺剖面为例

以兰州红咀寺剖面为例 ,以 2 cm的间隔采样 ,进行了碳酸盐含量的测定 ,获得数据 892个 ,与其它古气候指标 (磁化率、有机碳总量 )进行对比后揭示了该地区近 3 0× 10 3 a来气候变化的频率及突变事件。3 0× 10 3 a以来主要可以分为 4个阶段 :暖湿期(3 3× 10 3 ～ 40× 10 3 a B.P.)、凉偏干期 (3 0× 10 3 ～ 2 7× 10 3 a B.P.)、寒冷干燥期 (2 7× 10 3 ～ 10× 10 3 a B.P.)、暖湿期 (10× 10 3 ～ 3× 10 3 a B.P.) ,各阶段中气候快速变化明显     

过去600万年黄土高原夏季风周期的阶段性演化及其强迫因子初探

运用小波分析与传统谱分析技术相结合的手段,对甘肃省西峰的一套黄土-古土壤-红粘土记录过去6Ma夏季风气候代用指标的时间序列进行了周期谱演化分析,初步探讨了晚新生代以来黄土高原风尘记录所反映的周期演化特征.结果表明,轨道尺度的周期随时间演化,在北半球大冰期来临前后具有不同的响应特征.在3.1MaB.P.之前,主导周期以41000a和21000a为主,可视为对轨道要素变化的响应;3.1MaB.P.之后,0.1Ma的周期分阶段地趋于主导地位.其中,3.1MaB.P.,1.2MaB.P.和0.6MaB.P.准0.1Ma周期的出现可以同现有资料所反映的青藏高原加速隆升相对应,可能指示了气候演变中的构造影响.过去6Ma东亚夏季风记录中的准0.1Ma周期除与轨道要素变化的非线性响应有关外,很可能与青藏高原的阶段性隆升效应有关.     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of