石墨炉原子吸收法测定地质样品中的微量银

研究了石墨炉原子吸收法测定地质样品中微量Ag的方法,探索了以NH4IrCl6做基体改进剂的最佳仪器工作条件.在取样0.2000g,定容25mL的情况下,方法检出限为0.010μg/g,用国家标准物质验证,其准确度(RE%)小于10%,10次测定的精密度(RSD%)小于10%.     

荧光分光光度法测定海洋生物中的谷胱甘肽

对应用荧光分光光度法测定海洋生物中还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量的方法进行了研究,并测定了分属于鱼、虾、贝、藻的10种海洋生物中谷胱甘肽的含量。利用邻苯二甲醛与GSH反应构成的荧光体系,在激发波长为365nm,发射波长为425nm的条件下,方法的回收率为99.22%~99.69%,变异系数为2.16%。应用此方法测得10种海洋生物中谷胱甘肽的含量为:红笛鲷(Lutjanussanguineus)0.399mg/g,银鲳(Pampusargenteus)0.352mg/g,大海鲢(Megalopscyrinoides)0.561mg/g,尖紫蛤(Sanguinolariaacuta)0.289mg/g,菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapesphilippinarun)0.287mg/g,墨吉对虾(Penaeusmerguiensis)0.892mg/g,凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeusvannamei)1.434mg/g,囊藻(Colpomeniasinu-ose)0.221mg/g,石莼(Ulvalactucal)0.727mg/g,马尾藻(Sargassummuticum)0.137mg/g。     

化学发光体系测定铋的研究及其应用

研究了痕量Bi催化鲁米诺-邻菲啰啉-H_2O_2-Triton x-305体系产生化学发光及非离子表面活性剂敏化化学发光最佳反应条件,拟定了新的化学发光测定Bi的方法。方法最低检出限达3.7×10~(-10)g/ml,测定响应浓度范围为5×10~(-9)～10~(-5)g/ml,回收率为98.7％～103％,相对标准偏差为2.8％～3.5％之间。     

异枝江蓠与凡纳滨对虾室内零换水混养

【目的】通过模拟养殖系统,在零换水条件下研究虾藻混养模式中藻体与对虾的生长。【方法】将异枝江蓠(Gracilaria bailinae)与凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)混养,设置对虾混养密度(114±5)g/m~2,以及0、114、228、456、926 g/m~2 5个藻体密度梯度,混养时间为20 d,测定藻体和对虾的特定生长率,藻的光合特性参数,NH_4~+-N、NO_2~--N和NO_3~--N浓度。【结果】混养密度对藻体和对虾生长,藻的光合特性参数,NH_4~+-N、NO_2~--N和NO_3~--N浓度有显著影响(P0.05)。异枝江蓠密度为456g/m~2时,藻和对虾的特定生长率最高,分别为(1.63±0.04)%/d、(1.82±0.21)%/d;叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm和Y(Ⅱ)最高,分别为(0.61±0.00)μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)、(0.64±0.00)μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1);NH_4~+-N、NO_2~--N和NO_3~--N浓度最低,较单养组分别降低27.7%、46.9%和45.1%。【结论】在零换水条件下,异枝江蓠混养密度为456 g/m~2时,更有利于藻体和凡纳滨对虾的生长,对水体中氮浓度的稳定效果最佳。     

氢化物原子荧光光度法测定地球化学样品中的微量铅

拟定了用铅空心阴极灯为激发光源,氢化物原子荧光光度法测定地球化学样品中微量铅的方法。在2％HCl-0.08％K_3[Fe(CN)_6]-2％KBH_4体系中,铅的测定灵敏度有明显地提高。该方法操作简便、快速、准确,检出限为8.89×10~(-9)g/ml,精密度为4.12％(n=11)。     

阴离子交换树脂分离—盐酸底液方波极谱法测定铜矿石中铅

利用铅离子在稀氢溴酸—溴化钾介质中能形成稳定络阴离子的特性,本文研究了应用717强碱性阴离子交换树脂分离大量铜等干扰元素、富集铅的最佳条件。试样经酸溶、预分离富集后,用方波极谱法在2mol/l HCl—1.25%VC 底液中测定铅。峰电位为-0.46V(对银片电极)。方法的检出限为0.98μg/g,测定限为1.96μg/g,相列标准偏差 R·S·D=8.7%,回收率在97%—110%之间。该方法分离干扰元素效果好,操作简便、快速,适用于铜矿石中2μg/g 以上铅的测定。也可用于岩石及其他矿物等复杂样品中微量铅的测定。     

大刺鳅仔、稚鱼的生长及摄食节律

【目的】了解大刺鳅(Mastacembelue armatu)仔、稚鱼的生长特性及摄食节律。【方法】采用生长测量和摄食节律评估方法,在水温25.5～31.0℃条件下,研究人工培育大刺鳅仔、稚鱼的生长及摄食节律。【结果】0～42日龄大刺鳅仔、稚鱼平均全长和体质量的特定增长率分别为6.23%和10.08%;全长(L_t/mm)与日龄(t/d)的回归方程为L_t=0.022 t~2+0.510 t+5.113(R~2=0.991,P<0.01);体质量(m_t/g)与日龄(t/d)的回归方程为M_t=4.464×10~(-4)t~2-0.007 t+0.027(R~2=0.993,P<0.01);体质量(m_t/g)与全长(L_t/mm)的幂函数回归方程为M_t=3.993×10~(-5)L_t~(2.294)(R~2=1.000,P<0.01),幂指数b<3。在实验条件下,大刺鳅仔、稚鱼摄食强度有较明显的昼夜节律,摄食强度高峰期分别为8:00-20:00和8:00-18:00,最高峰均出现在16:00;对卤虫无节幼体和枝角类消化时间分别为12.0～12.5 h和14.0 h。【结论】大刺鳅仔稚鱼的生长属于非均匀生长类型,有较明显的白昼摄食习性。     

米曲霉产中性蛋白酶的适宜条件

研究了米曲霉产蛋白酶的分布,优化了米曲霉产中性蛋白酶的适宜培养条件以及培养基的最优组成。研究发现米曲霉产中性蛋白酶的能力为最强。米曲霉产中性蛋白酶的适宜培养条件为:m(麸皮)∶m(豆粕粉)=4∶1,水的质量分数为60%,培养基中各无机盐质量分数为:KNO30.2%,MgSO40.05%,Na2HPO40.13%,pH值为6.0,接种量为每10 g培养基接种1.0×108个孢子,最佳培养温度为30℃,最佳培养时间为48 h。在此培养条件下,最高酶活力达3 999.2 U.g-1。     

降温及生态冰温条件对凡纳滨对虾无水存活时间的影响

【目的】确定凡纳滨对虾无水存活流通的关键工艺参数。【方法】通过观察明确休眠临界温度,计时测定,确定降温程序、氧气含量及生态冰温保藏温度对存活时间的影响。【结果】凡纳滨对虾生态冰温区为-2～10℃。设定4种降温方式,其梯度降温均为≥18、18～15、15～10℃等3个区段,第Ⅰ种方式对应区段的降温速率为4、1、0.5℃/h,第Ⅱ种为4、2、0.5℃/h,第Ⅲ种为4、1、1℃/h,第Ⅳ种为4、4、4℃/h。第Ⅰ种方式下的存活时间(12.48±0.56)h,显著大于第Ⅱ种(8.75±0.77)h、第Ⅲ种(8.29±0.58)h和第Ⅳ种(6.19±0.62)h(P <0.05)。在99.9%氧气含量且维持生态冰温5℃的无水条件下可使存活时间进一步延至(23.82±0.77)h,之后常温新鲜海水中5 min可复苏至鲜活状态,成活率在98.5%以上。【结论】通过调整降温及生态冰温条件可显著延长凡纳滨对虾无水存活时间。     

L＇vov平台在石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定痕量金中的应用

本文实验了利用L＇vov平台技术,用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定痕量金的方法。样品经王水分解,使金被富集在聚醚型聚氨酯泡沫塑料上,用硫脲解脱后,在装有L＇vov平台石墨炉的P—E5000型原子吸收分光光度计上测定。方法的特征量为4.9×10(-12)g/0.004 4A,检出限为0.3×10~(-9),含金量为3.1×10(-9)的样品11次测定的相对标准偏差为9.8％。     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied     

Advances in Polar Science CONTENTS(Volume 25,2014)

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Guide to Authors： Journal of Mountain Science

<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet.     

Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)

<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by     

Relationship of Arctic sea ice and Northern Hemispheric 500 hPa Polar vortices

Using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis monthly 500 hPa height data on a 2.5 latitude-longitude grid and 1°×1° sea ice data,the polar vortex area,intensity index and arctic sea ice area index are calculated respectively,and the meridional distribution,period variation and the abrupts in the long range trend are analyzed to study their relationship.The results show that the meridional distribution of sea ice and polar vortex h-ave distinctive difference,the relative positions of them are different in the eastern and western hemispheres,and exept they have periods of 4 months,quasi half year,quasi year,4-5 years and 10 years commonly,and each of them has its own respective variation as well.The sea ice area is decreasing apparently since 1980's,so is the polar vortex area,but their abrupt changge time are different totally.The area of sea ice and polar vortex has prominent positive correlation,but the relationship of sea ice intensity,polar vortex intensity,polar vortex area is complicated.     

Preliminary study on plasma membrane fluidity of Psychrophilic Yeast Rhodotorula sp.NJ298 in low temperature

The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.     

Author Index for Journal of Mountain Science Volume 11,2014,pp 1-1656

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