CDFS天区中喑蓝星系的测光红移研究

从COMBO-17数字巡天数据里,选择了CDFS(Chandra Deep Field South)天区中1231个测光红移在0.1～0.3之间的暗蓝星系作为样本,研究了这些星系分别在只有光学波段和光学加近红外波段数据情况下做测光红移得到的红移分布,以及这些星系在静止参考系下的能谱分布(Spectral Energy Distributions,SEDs)特征.结果表明有183个星系在利用光学加近红外波段数据做测光红移时得到的红移大于1.2,它们的误差为0.046,提高测光的信噪比也有利于区分这类被光学波段误认为低红移的星系.这些暗蓝星系中高红移星系的观测近红外流量相对于光学流量有上升的趋势,而低红移星系的观测近红外流量相对于光学流量有下降的趋势.     

GALILEO搜救定位处理的分布式数据融合方法

对遇险目标搜索救援的支持是GALILEO全球卫星导航系统的一项重要民用服务.文章介绍了GALILEO搜索救援子系统(SAR)定位的基本原理.在GALILEO SAR中测量量为时间信号与频率信号,文章详细地给出了两种测量信号的定位方法.基于多传感器信息融合技术,对搜索救援系统中不同测量信号进行综合状态估计.在仿真计算中,采用带噪声的模拟测量数据进行定位,数值计算的结果显示基于多传感器数据融合方法的综合状态估计是可靠的.     

电子篱笆稀疏资料定轨方法研究

基于Lambert方程和空间几何知识,给出了适用于空间监视电子篱笆设备稀疏观测资料轨道确定的方法.通过对大量目标的模拟试验表明,该方法确定的初始轨道能使轨道改进收敛,定轨精度优于100米,证明该方法适用于电子篱笆对绝大部分空间目标观测数据的轨道确定.最后讨论了篱笆布站纬度对定轨应用的影响.     

65 m射电望远镜背架结构日照温度效应实验研究

借助精密工程测量手段,对65 m天线背架的日照温度效应进行了实验研究.在天线背架设计坐标系下分析实验数据,建立了日照温度变形模型,得出背架结构沿X方向变形系数为Kx=1.30×10-5,沿Z方向变形系数为Kz=-0.44×10-5,沿Y方向变形偏向太阳照射一侧.根据实验数据建立的背架变形模型,模拟分析了65 m天线背架日照温度变形对面形精度的影响,得出环境温度变化1℃带来的面形精度(均方根值rms)影响分量约为0.09 mm.实验结果为65 m天线主动面调节提供了很有价值的参考数据.     

带权重的相关函数在半解析模型和SDSS数据中的应用

基于半解析模型和SDSS DR4(Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 4),研究了环境对星系性质的影响.通过对以颜色、恒星形成率和恒星质量的带权重的相关函数的测量,发现半解析模型在颜色和恒星质量上与SDSS数据符合得比较好,而恒星形成率则在SDSS数据中表现为与环境无关.此结论证实了半解析模型对星系中部分性质与环境关系的预测,但对于恒星形成率为何与环境无关仍有待研究.     

多任务Lasso回归法在恒星光谱物理参量估计中的应用

多任务学习方法在机器学习、计算机视觉、人工智能领域已得到广泛关注,利用任务间的相关性,将多个任务同时学习的效果优于每个任务单独学习的情况.采用多任务Lasso回归法(Multi-task Lasso Regression)用于恒星光谱物理参量的估计,不仅可以获取不同物理参量间的共同的特征信息,而且也可以很好地保留不同物理参量的特有的补充信息.使用恒星大气模拟模型合成光谱库ELODIE中的光谱数据和美国大型巡天项目Sloan发布的SDSS实测光谱数据进行实验,模型估算精度优于相关文献中的方法,特别是对重力加速度(lg g)和化学丰度([Fe/H])的估计.实验中通过改变光谱的分辨率,施加不同信噪比(SNR)的噪声,来说明模型的稳定性强.结果表明,模型精度受光谱分辨率和噪声的影响,但噪声对其影响更大,可见,多任务Lasso回归法不仅操作简便,稳定性强,而且也提高了模型的整体预测精度.     

广义回归神经网络在日长变化预报中的应用

传统的日长变化预报多是基于线性模型,如最小二乘模型、自回归模型等,但是日长变化包含了复杂的非线性因素,线性模型预报的效果往往不甚理想.所以尝试使用一种非线性神经网络—广义回归神经网络(GRNN)模型进行日长变化预报,并将结果与使用BP (Back Propagation)神经网络模型和其它模型的预报结果进行比较.结果表明,GRNN用于日长变化预报是高效可行的.     

电荷守恒与CCD孔径测光

Lick天文台的CCD控制器是一类新型控制器,它能够在同一CCD系统内实现MPP(Multi—pinned phase)和通常工作模式间的转换．自2002年起中国至少有4架 CCD照相机使用这类控制器．此控制器的弱点是溢出发生在非线性前,而且远在饱和以前．虽然这对亮的面光源观测不利,并且它妨碍了使用亮星构建点扩散函数(psf)．但是由于电荷守恒原理,对亮的点源(恒星)的孔径测光依然可行．观测证明了此结论．     

行星际电子及重核对ASTROD Ⅰ测试质量充电过程模拟的研究

在LISA,ASTROD I和ASTROD之类用于探讨引力波天文、天文动力学和相对论测试的深空激光探测计划中,暴露在空间粒子环境中的无拖曳测试质量将会受各种带电粒子的影响而带电,引起库伦力和洛伦兹力干扰,从而影响实验数据的精度.在先前的工作中,已用GEANT4工具包模拟了银河宇宙射线中质子和氦核以及太阳高能粒子事件对测试质量的充电过程.文章里,参数化了行星际电子和主要种类的重核,并模拟了由测试质量块在行星际电子和C,H,O等重核环境中的充电速率.行星际电子源主要是木星和银河,而重核主要来自于银河宇宙射线.经过模拟计算, ASTROD Ⅰ测试质量由行星际电子引起的充电速率大约是行星际质子在太阳活动最小值时的9%,在太阳活动最大值时的28%.行星际重核相对于行星际质子在太阳活动最小值和最大值时的贡献分别约是0.83%和1.64%.     

星载测高仪交叉点数据定轨研究

从海洋测高卫星的发展状况入手,介绍了用测高仪数据进行定轨的意义.然后,分析了测高仪数据的误差修正模型及交叉点数据计算方法,详细介绍了JASON-1测高数据文件中所涉及的误差修正量和采用的模型.最后,通过仿真数据和实测数据的计算,分析了单用测高仪数据和交叉点数据进行轨道确定所能达到的精度,为未来的实际应用提供了有价值的参考.     

Dispersion Relation of Longitudinal Oscillations in Relativistic Plasmas of Fast Electron Distribution

In the relativistic case, the dispersion equation of longitudinal oscillations in unmagnetized, collisionless and isotropic plasmas of fast electron distribution is derived from the longitudinal dielectric constant of plasma. The equation is analytically solved, and the long-wavelength and short-wavelength dispersion relations are obtained. Because of the discontinuity of the analytical dispersion curve, the dimensionless dispersion equation of longitudinal oscillations is numerically calculated to obtain the full dispersion curve of longitudinal oscillations in relativistic plasmas of fast electron distribution. Further more, by fitting the numerical solution, a simple functional expression of the dispersion curve is given in favor of applications. Finally, in the extremely relativistic case, the dispersion relation of fast electron distribution is compared with that of Maxwell distribution. It is shown that the two kinds of dispersion relations have similar properties in a certain range of wave numbers.     

On the MHD Simple Waves in Fully Relativistic Electron-Positron Plasmas with Radiation

The one dimensional propagation of simple waves in the system of electron-positron and photon gas at relativistic temperatures is considered. The presence of the transverse (across the wave propagation direction) velocity will change the dependencies of the phase velocity and magnetosound velocity upon temperature essentially. It is shown that at the presence of transverse velocity, the decrease of these characteristic velocities of simple wave takes place, while the time of shock wave formation becomes shorter. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Electromagnetic Oscillations in Cylindrical Plasmas with Electron Beams Interactions

The dispersion relation for a radial inhomogeneous cylindrical plasma in a strong magnetic field is studied. In order to determine the fundamental transversal magnetic mode (TM₀₁), we used a numerical algorithm based in expanded Fourier–Bessel functions. Both the effect of the electron beam-plasma interaction and the resonances for a finite transversal cylinder conductor are studied. We used different density profiles and temperatures for the plasma and the beam.     

Relation between the Spatial Distribution and Spectral Index of Superthermal Electron Distribution in Solar cm-Radio Sources

A series of solar cm-radio bursts are analyzed by a new inverse method estimating spatial changes of the superthermal electron distribution in solar cm-radio burst sources. It is found that the measure of the spatial change of superthermal electrons in the radio source ν _n is always greater than that for the magnetic field ν _B and it is linearly dependent on the spectral index of the electrons δ as ν _n ≈0.5δ. This relation is explained in the simplified flare-loop model integrating the analytical solutions of the Fokker – Planck equation. The mean value of ν _B is found to be 0.36±0.04, which is very close to the value of ν _B =0.38±0.02 derived from the dependence of the magnetic field strength on the height in the active region measured by RATAN-600.     

活动星系核中相对论电子束的物理效应

本文研究了Ｂｌａｚａｒ天体的辐射性质，提出一种新的喷流模型，即具有幂律分布的极端相对论电子团从中心核注入喷流等离子体中，它在一定的注入速度下，不仅能在喷流等离子体中激发等离子体湍动，产生电磁波的相干辐射，而且能产生强的同步辐射。利用等离子体的弱湍理论，我们研究了极端相对论电子团在喷流等离子体中的辐射过程，并详细研究了它在解释Ｂｌａｚａｒ天体辐射特性中的应用，本文认为，Ｂｌａｚａｒ天体的不稳定辐射与极端相对论电子团的无规注入、喷流等离子体的物理环境瞬息变化有关。Ｂｌａｚａｒ中快速变化的辐射偏振角摆动。产生于相对论电子团在湍动等离子体中的同步辐射过程。另外，Ｘ选和射电选的ＢＬＬａｃ天体之间的区别取决于喷流等离子体的运动状态和物理环境。     

Uniformity of Longitudinal Distribution of Coronal Mass Ejections

It was found that the heliographic longitudinal distribution of the occurrence of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) was not uniform around the solar minimum of cycle 21. This is confirmed by using the ² test for goodness of fit. Sunspot groups and flares show similar non-uniform distributions during the same period. This suggests that there was a longitudinal range where both large-scale and small-scale solar magnetic activities were very low around the solar minimum of cycle 21. The longitudinal range with low activity was more than 150 degrees and continued for approximately four rotations. As solar activity increased, CMEs occurred almost uniformly in heliographic longitude.     

Growth Rates of Envelope Modulations of Electromagnetic Waves in Relativistic Temperature Electron-Positron Plasmas, Stimulated by Weak Or Finite Phonon Damping

We study the modulational instability of an electron-positron plasma with relativistic temperatures and phonon damping. It is shown that when the phonon damping is O(1) or O(), a modulational instability appears even for classical temperatures. When the phonon damping is O(²)), we find that in the non-relativistic limit, previous results are recovered, and for ultrarelativistic temperatures, the instability occurs in a wider band around the relativistic plasma frequency.     

幂律电子谱轫致辐射积分的快速计算

SSW(Solar SoftWare)的能量电子产生X光子的轫致辐射积分计算发展到版本2时,其性能相比初始的版本1提高很多.在版本2的基础上,对这个积分进一步改进.通过对比几种轫致辐射积分方案,结果显示,最终的方案性能上比版本2可以快约2～5倍.在积分的精确性上比版本1及版本2均改进了很多,在缺省的积分控制精度下也不再产生光子谱的尖刺现象.而且,积分耗时不再敏感于积分上限取值.由于积分性能的提高,使得利用精确的轫致辐射截面计算轫致积分成为可能.结果显示,用精确轫致辐射截面比先前的近似截面积分的结果光子流量略小(≤4%),积分时间大约比先前使用近似截面多30%.     

Fast Calculation of Integration of Bremsstrahlung Radiation from Electrons with Power-law Distribution

Since the SSW (Solar Soft Ware) has been developed to the version 2, in comparison with the version 1 the performance of the integration calculation of the Bremsstrahlung radiation caused by high-energy electrons is improved. On the basis of the version 2 of SSW, we have made further improvement on the integration calculation. The comparison between a few schemes of Bremsstrahlung integration shows that our final scheme is faster than the version 2 for 2∼5 times. Compared with the version 1 and version 2 of SSW, the integration accuracy has been also improved a lot, even under the default control accuracy there will be no spikes appearing in photon spectra. In addition, the time consumption of integration is no longer sensitive to the upper limit of the integration. The improvement of the integration performance enables the accurate Bremsstrahlung cross-section be used to calculate the Bremsstrahlung integration. Compared with the result of approximate Bremsstrahlung cross-section, the result of accurate Bremsstrahlung cross-section gives a little smaller photon flux (≤4%), and the integration time increases about 30%.     

快速射电暴寄主星系色散量的估计

定位快速射电暴(Fast Radio Burst, FRB)以及确认其寄主星系至今仍是一个具有挑战性的难题,截至2021年4月已确认13个快速射电暴的寄主星系,其中只有3个重复暴,其余都是非重复暴.快速射电暴的寄主星系对快速射电暴起源的探索起着非常重要的作用,约束着快速射电暴前身星模型.对这些已确认寄主星系的FRB进行研究,发现FRB寄主星系对色散量(Dispersion Measure, DM)的贡献在一定范围内波动(0–240 pc·cm-3),并且寄主星系对DM的贡献与寄主星系的性质(恒星形成率、金属丰度)也可能具有关联性.寄主星系恒星形成率、金属丰度与色散量的统计关系对FRB邻近环境的研究有着重要意义.