Application of high-density resistivity method in archaeological investigation of Sumicheng ancient city site

The authors employ the high-density resistivity method during an archaeological investigation of Sumicheng site,an ancient city of the Tang Dynasty,to find evidence of human activities and locate a favorable target for archaeological excavation in the southern part of the outer city.There are two obvious high-resistivity structures,the south wall of the inner city and an ancient building near the south gate along the outer city wall,of which the resistivities are indicative of rammed soil foundations.The south wall of the inner city is continuous but is cut off abruptly to the east,which we suggest it is due to either wall damage or destruction.The resistivity signature of the target area is verified by archaeological excavation,proving the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing the high-density resistivity method for archaeological exploration.     

Application of high density resistivity method in accuracy of goaf detection

Based on the relationship between the diameter and buried depth of goaf,the authors establish the forward modeling by Res2dmod and inverse the model by Res2dinv. Thus,three kinds of models are obtained:the model of single resistivity anomalous body,model of double different distance resistivity anomalous body,and model of layered resistivity anomalous body. Using forward and inversion,the image of detection is simulated,and the reliability is proved by comparing with the engineering examples.     

Application of high density resistivity method in accuracy of goaf detection

Based on the relationship between the diameter and buried depth of goaf,the authors establish the forward modeling by Res2dmod and inverse the model by Res2dinv. Thus,three kinds of models are obtained:the model of single resistivity anomalous body,model of double different distance resistivity anomalous body,and model of layered resistivity anomalous body. Using forward and inversion,the image of detection is simulated,and the reliability is proved by comparing with the engineering examples.     

False anomaly recognition with horizontal differential field lines method in high-density electrical technique and its application in Xinlei Quarry,Jiuquan

As an important geophysical tool,high density electrical technique infers the underground geological structures by processing and inverting the apparent resistivity data.Currently,the false anomalies have been frequently occurred in the graph of apparent resistivity pseudo-section or inverted geoelectrical section obtained from high-density electrical technique,and are difficult to remove.In this study,the authors explain the mechanism of the false anomalies and put forward the horizontal differential field method to identify the false anomalies.Based on the analysis of modeling results,this method is applied in the surveying data in Xinlei Quarry of Jiuquan,and the results confirm the effectiveness of the horizontal differential field method.     

Simulation of seafloor electrical resistivity measuring equipment based on 3D finite element method

In order to explore the mineral resources buried in sea mud,it is necessary to use seabed resistivity measuring equipment,which works closer to the sediments than ordinary ship-based geophysical measuring equipment. Because of the harsh environment of seafloor,high pressure and highly conductive seawater,marine magnetotelluric method developed slowly. The sea floor environment is similar to the environment of logging, According to the design of dual lateral logging equipment,a new equipment for seafloor electrical resistivity measurement is designed. Four 3D FEM models that contain resistivity abnormal targets are built to test the ability of this equipment to locate different shape of shallow buried resistivity abnormal targets in sea mud. The authors propose the method to correct the response curve while the bottom surface of this equipment is suspended or not parallel to the seafloor. The resistivity of targets can be calculated accurately.     

Application of transient electromagnetic method in tunnel exploration

Along with the economic development,large tunnels need to be constructed in many high mountains or complex structure regions,and the design and construction of detailed tunnel exploration become particularly important.Transient electromagnetic method (TEM) uses a non-grounded loop or an electrode to send a primary electromagnetic pulse into the ground,and observes spatial and temporal distribution of secondary electromagnetic field,which is widely applied in mineral resource exploration,engineering geology,etc.The application of TEM in the tunnel construction of Kaiyuan Temple is researched in this study.The smoke loop inversion is adopted for inverting the transient electromagnetic data.The drilling data and high density resistivity method data are combined for comparison.The obtained inversion result greatly coincides with the actual conditions.Therefore,the geophysical prospecting basis can be provided for the division of stratum,delineation of geologi-cal structure,and design and construction of tunnel pavement.By virtue of TEM,drilling data and high density resistivity method,the tunnel construction of Kaiyuan Temple has obtained satisfactory results.     

电阻率测深法在云南省玉溪市抗旱找水定井中的应用

介绍了在云南玉溪抗旱找水定井的工作实例,在地质、水文地质调查工作的基础上,采用电阻率测深法在重点地段开展工作,在充分分析、研究含水层电性特征的基础上,对实测电阻率测深曲线进行对比解释,最后确定井位,通过所施工钻孔验证了物探推断成果符合实际,并且单井涌水量均大大超出当地所需水量,取得了良好的水文地质效果,得到了当地政府及...     

内蒙古狼山山前断裂中段大地电磁探测研究

对一条穿过狼山山前断裂中段的宽频带大地电磁剖面进行精细化处理和二维反演,获得该断裂中段及其两侧地块的深部电性结构特征。结果表明,狼山山前断裂表现出明显的高低阻电性边界带,断裂西侧的狼山隆起上地壳表现出较为完整的高阻特征,中下地壳以低阻体为主;狼山山前断裂东侧的临河盆地浅部存在5 km厚的低阻沉积层,沉积层下方可能存在高阻基底。该分布特征表明狼山山前断裂是一条切割地壳尺度的深大断裂,同时具有孕育强震的风险。     

折射法和高密度电法在古滑坡勘探中的应用

古滑坡体地球物理调查方法技术的选择对勘探效果至关重要。以吉林省通化市拟建集安-通化高速公路滑坡体为例,采用折射波法和高密度电法,利用二维反演技术进行数据处理。结合地质信息,确定了滑坡体的形态及厚度变化,厚度最大约20 m,滑坡性质为堆积层滑坡。研究结果表明折射波法和高密度电法进行古滑坡勘探,效果较好。     

高密度电阻率法在山东泰安地区抗旱打井工程中的应用

山东省泰安地区地下水类型主要为松散类孔隙水、变质岩火成岩裂隙水及碳酸岩裂隙岩溶水三大类。通过分析不同水文构造单元地质特征,采取不同的物探方法,测量岩石的电阻率差异分析推断其富水性,研究确定富水层位并通过钻探工程验证实现地质找水。在2010—2011年山东泰安地区抗旱打井工程中,利用高密度电阻率法在解决地质找水方面取得了重要成果。     

直流电阻率测深法在鲁西南(中西部)高氟区找水中的应用

鲁西南(中西部)地区普遍存在地下水中氟化物及矿化度含量较高的问题。电阻率与地下水矿化度关系密切,高氟又易与高矿化度伴生存在,因此赋存高矿化度地下水的黏土层与赋存可饮用地下水砂土层电性上的差异为利用电法在该地区勘查出可饮用地下水提供了基础条件。综合区内区域地质、水文地质及地球物理特征,对重点区的电测深曲线进行了精细的定性及定量解释,划分出重点区内含水层的埋深、黏土层及砂土层分界线,推断出了深层高阻层主要为含淡水砂土层。根据物探推断成果在牡丹区沙土集及曹县常乐集重点区分别施工了2眼钻井。结果表明,钻井出水量丰富,水质较周边有明显改善,直流电测深是在该区域寻找可饮用水资源的一种经济、有效的勘查手段。     

河南省新密市农村饮水安全综合评价

在农村饮水安全调查和饮水不安全因素分析的基础上,建立了3层农村饮水安全评价指标体系,应用改进的熵权法对新密市农村饮水安全状况进行评价。结果表明,该法不仅能够较好地体现农村饮水安全的真实状况,还能体现出水质、水量、供水状况的空间差异特征,对农村饮水安全可以有更加全局性的把握,从而为农村饮水安全总体决策提供一定的帮助。     

综合物探方法在不稳定斜坡地质灾害勘察中的应用研究

不稳定斜坡体地形复杂、坡度大,表层土、石混杂,下部岩石裂隙发育,探测难度大,缺乏有效的物探手段精确圈定不稳定斜坡体的分布位置及空间赋存状态。用超高密度电法和微动探测相结合,推断了不稳定斜坡的范围及空间赋存状态。工程实地勘查表明,综合物探方法具有较高的可靠性,为地质灾害的治理打下了良好的基础。     

山东章丘下射垛石墨矿激电测量方法应用分析

石墨具有良好的激发极化特征,因此激电测量是寻找石墨矿的有效的地球物理手段。通过对山东章丘下射垛石墨矿矿区开展激电测量工作,圈定了4处激电异常。经验证,圈定的激电异常和矿体具有较好的对应性,取得了显著的地质效果,激电测量在寻找石墨矿工作中具有较高的应用价值。     

综合物探方法在栖霞中桥地区溶洞塌陷地质灾害调查中的应用

该文论述了在溶洞引发的地面塌陷地质灾害调查中,应用高密度电法、瞬变电磁法、地震频率谐振法进行综合物探勘查的效果,根据本区第四纪地层、灰岩及溶洞充填物质的物性差异,分析研究了岩溶溶洞及塌陷区的物探异常分布特征,并结合钻探验证,有效圈定了调查区岩溶溶洞及地表塌陷区的分布范围,为地质灾害调查与防治提供了科学依据。结合本次综合物探勘查效果,分析了高密度电法、瞬变电磁法及地震频率谐振法在探测溶洞及塌陷区的有效性及局限性。     

高密度电法在老山隧道勘察中的应用

应用高密度电阻率法勘察宁淮高速公路南京老山隧道工程,查明了隧道YK5 280~ZK5 540段的地层分布和构造特征,并推断出鹰嘴山断层的位置和产状,结合勘察资料证明该断层为高角度逆断层。预测出隧道和断层破碎带相交处为浅部裂隙岩溶含水带中的优良导水带,该处涌水的可能性很大,其推断结果在施工中得到证实。说明高密度电法是进行隧道勘察和构造裂隙岩溶富水带探测的一种可靠手段。     

综合物探在山东省招远市原疃地区金矿找矿中的应用

山东省招远市西北部原疃地区地理位置特殊,位于区域上两大断裂金矿带之间的玲珑复式岩体的核部,与西北部的郭家岭花岗闪长岩疑似为断层接触关系,金矿成矿条件优越。运用激电中梯、高精度磁法测量,基本查明了区内与金成矿有关的岩体、断裂构造的分布情况,圈定激电异常7处,其中1处异常经验证为矿致异常。应用CSAMT,SIP方法对矿带的深部进行探测,确定其沿走向及倾向均有一定延伸,对其深部异常进行钻探验证,证明深部异常仍为矿致异常。综合找矿方法在此次找矿过程中发现了矿致异常,缩小了找矿靶区,为钻探工程的部署提供了依据。     

Application of multivariate model based on three simulated sensors for water quality variables estimation in Shitoukoumen Reservoir,Jilin Province,China

This study applied a multivariate model based on three simulated sensors to estimating water quality variables in Shitoukoumen Reservoir, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China, including concentration of total suspended matter, concentration of chlorophyll-a and non-pigment matter absorption. Two field campaigns for spectra measurements with a total of 40 samples were carried out on June 13 and September 23, 2008. The in-situ spectra were recalculated to the spectral bands and sensitivities of the instruments applied in this paper, i.e. Landsat TM, Alos and P6, by using the average method. And the recalculated spectra were used for estimating water quality variables by the single model and multivariate model. The results show that the multivariate model is superior to the single model as the multivariate model takes the combined effects of water components into consideration and can estimate water quality variables simultaneously. According to R ² and RMSE, Alos is superior to other sensors for water quality variables estimation although the precision of non-pigment matter absorption inversion performed the second.     

A method for spatial heterogeneity evaluation on landscape pattern of farmland shelterbelt networks: A case study in midwest of Jilin Province,China

On the basis of landscape ecology, combining the Spot 5 high resolution satellite imagery with GIS, a method evaluating the spatial heterogeneity of shelterbelts distribution at landscape scale is put forward in this paper. The distance coefficients of reasonable and existing landscape indexes of farmland shelterbelt networks were computed, and then through the classification of the distance coefficients, and the establishment of evaluation rules, the spatial heterogeneity of farmland shelterbelts was evaluated. The method can improve the evaluating system of previous studies on shelterbelts distribution, resolve the disadvantages of lacking spatiality of overall evaluation, and make the evaluation results have more directive significance for shelterbelt management. Based on this method, spatial heterogeneity of shelterbelt networks was evaluated in the midwest of Jilin Province, China. The results show that the regions with fewer shelterbelts and no closed network account for 34.7% of the total area, but only 4.9% of the area has relative reasonable pattern of shelterbelt networks. Many problems exist in the distribution pattern of shelterbelts, therefore, much attention should be paid to construct farmland shelterbelts in the study area.