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水力压裂储层改造技术是页岩气开发的关键技术手段.大量高压流体注入页岩储层会显著改变岩石的纵横波速度、岩石力学参数及其各向异性特征.文章在伪三轴应力加载条件下对龙马溪组页岩开展了差异化的水力压裂岩石物理实验,对比了应力加载方式和水-岩物理化学反应对于页岩纵横波速度和岩石力学参数的影响.实验结果表明,对于干燥页岩样品,各向... 相似文献
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通过超声-时间动态测试方法系统地分析了煤系沉积岩石纵波和横波速度,计算了煤系岩石动弹性力学参数,同步测试了煤系岩石的静态力学参数,建立了煤系沉积岩石动弹性力学参数与静弹性力学参数之间和煤系岩石物理力学参数与其声波速度之间的定性定量关系.研究结果表明,煤系岩石的动弹性模量与岩石的纵波或横波速度具有很好的正相关关系,而与泊松比不具有这种正相关关系.煤系岩石的动弹性模量要大于其静弹性模量,而动泊松比要小于其静泊松比,它们之间呈线性相关关系.煤系岩石密度、单轴抗压和抗拉强度与其纵波或横波速度之间也呈正相关关系,它们分别服从二次函数、指数函数和线性函数分布. 相似文献
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地热地球物理勘探新进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
地热作为一种清洁能源具有巨大的开发潜力,将在我国的经济发展中起到巨大的作用.在传统的热水型地热开发的基础上,国际上非常重视热干岩(Enhanced Geothermal)型地热的勘探开发.在这两类地热勘查和开发中,地球物理方法具有非常重要的作用.本文从地热系统的目标体岩石的地球物理性质出发,分析岩石的地球物理性质与温度、压力和含水量等影响因素的关系.例如随着温度的升高,岩石会出现去磁、电阻率降低、密度降低、弹性波速度也现明显降低等现象.进而分析地球物理方法应用到具体的地热勘查地质-地球物理异常模型.结合国际上21世纪以后的新方法技术,分析了重磁、电、地震方法在利用由于岩石温度的升高而出现的特殊地球物理现象,并应用于地热勘探.通过国内外实例介绍了各种地球物理勘探方法在地热勘查中成功应用,为进一步提高我国地热勘查水平,提供一些参考. 相似文献
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利用测井资料所获得的基本参数进行岩石物理参数敏感性分析,可以较大提高含烃岩石的识别能力。本文讨论了对地震属性敏感性高的参数的选择及其使用方法,以便提高流体和岩性的识别能力。为了更好的与地震数据解释相结合,我们在敏感性参数空间构造了研究区的岩石物理模板,用以指导实际地震数据定量解释。 相似文献
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秦皇岛32-6油田明化镇组储层为河流相沉积,单砂体规模小,砂体间接触关系复杂,受到地震分辨率限制,对叠置砂体储层地震响应规律认识不明确,导致基于地震信息的储层砂体解释错误.通过数值正演模拟,可以正确认识砂体储层的地震响应规律,提高砂体储层预测的准确率.所以,在进行地震响应正演模拟前,非常有必要对该区储层地球物理参数影响因素展开研究,通过分析研究区14口测井资料,建立了岩石物理参数(孔隙度、泥质含量、合流体性)与地球物理参数(速度、密度、波阻抗等)之间的相关关系,分析了不同沉积微相对地球物理参数的控制作用,并给出了相应的数学表达式,为正确认识河流相储层砂体地震响应规律奠定了准确的地球物理参数基础. 相似文献
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储层参数岩石物理反演在“甜点”储层预测中应用研究——以W17油田为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
乌石凹陷流砂港组地层岩石粒度变化大,低孔、低渗目标占比近50%,"甜点"储层预测是实现油田经济开发的关键因素,而储层孔隙度、黏土杂积含量评价是"甜点"储层预测的核心问题.本文应用一种新的直接求解包体理论岩石物理方程的储层参数反演方法来进行"甜点"储层评价,该反演方法基于约束最小二乘与信赖域算法直接求解有效介质包体理论岩石物理方程,能够关联弹性参数与储层参数之间的高阶变化,可反演地质体孔隙度、黏土含量空间细节变化特征,通过孔隙度、黏土含量双参数约束实现"甜点"储层分布评价.本文以W17油田为例,首先通过岩石物理分析明确常规储层与"甜点"储层的岩石物理规律;然后运用相控叠前地质统计学反演技术得到高分辨率敏感弹性参数体;最后开展孔隙度、黏土含量储层参数岩石物理反演和"甜点"储层预测.通过与当前业界常用的基于统计关系的地质统计学协模拟储层参数评价方法结果进行对比得到,本次研究应用的储层参数岩石物理反演方法得到的地质体内部细节丰富,盲井预测孔隙度及黏土含量参数精度提高,具有精细刻度储层内部的参数变化,保持弹性反演的分辨精度等优势,有利于解决"甜点"储层连通性及非均质性评价等难点问题. 相似文献
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总有机碳含量(TOC)是评价页岩有机质丰度和生烃能力的重要指标.常规TOC预测方法是通过对弹性参数体(例如密度反演体)进行线性拟合得到的,该方法具有地区经验性,并且缺乏有效的理论支撑.针对此问题,本文以岩石物理驱动的物性参数反演作为技术手段,首先对典型页岩的矿物组分以及孔隙流体特征进行分析,得出影响页岩弹性参数变化的四个主要因素分别是等效脆性矿物体积分数、黏土体积分数、TOC以及总孔隙度,进而可有效减少待反演参数个数,提高物性参数反演算法的可行性.在此基础上,将Grana提出的线性化岩石物理模型推广至页岩,建立线性化页岩岩石物理模型,并在贝叶斯理论框架下建立页岩物性参数反演,实现从弹性参数反演体直接提取TOC、总孔隙度以及等效脆性矿物体积分数等多个页岩物性参数,为后续的页岩气甜点(最佳的页岩气勘探与开发的区域或层位)评价提供可靠的数据支撑.模型数据和实际数据测试验证了该反演算法的有效性. 相似文献
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燕郊等测点迁移优化与地磁观测研究 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
为优化地磁观测条件,开展了燕郊、夏垫等测点迁移工作;按照测眯迁移原则与实施技术方案,完整地收集并整理了地质构造与地球物理等方面的基本资料;进行了野外实地勘察,磁场梯度的测量,确定了新测点,在新老测点上进行了较长时间的地磁场对比观测;应用多种方法分析研究了地磁对比观测资料,结果表明,新老测点与有关测点的地磁变化具有良好的一致性,并得到了新老测点之间的地磁数据的按点差。 相似文献
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《Advances in water resources》2005,28(7):701-710
The patterns of temporal variations of precipitation (P), streamflow (SF) and baseflow (BF) as well as their nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate) concentrations (C) and loads (L) from a long-term record (28 years) in the Raccoon River, Iowa, were analyzed using variogram and spectral analyses. The daily P is random but scaling may exist in the daily SF and BF with a possible break point in the scaling at about 18 days and 45 days, respectively. The nitrate concentrations and loads are shown to have a half-year cycle while daily P, SF, and BF have a one-year cycle. Furthermore, there may be a low-frequency cycle of 6–8 years in C. The power spectra of C and L in both SF and BF exhibit fractal 1/f scaling with two characteristic frequencies of half-year and one-year, and are fitted well with the spectrum of the gamma distribution. The nitrate input to SF and BF at the Raccoon watershed seems likely to be a white noise process superimposed on another process with a half-year and one-year cycle. 相似文献
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Summary This paper discusses the influence of system stiffness on the dynamic instability of fault surfaces under laboratory conditions for a number of test modes. In conjunction with shear load stiffness, the normal load stiffness, often neglected, is shown to have a considerable effect on the stick-slip process —its presence or absence and its characteristics. Also appropriate stiffnesses are suggested for an earthquake sequence modeled as a growing dislocation. 相似文献
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Vindell Hsu Charles E. Helsley Eduard Berg David A. Novelo-Casanova 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1984,122(6):878-893
A close correlation in spatial distribution of local seismic activity and energy release patterns before and after the 1979 Petatlan, Mexico earthquake suggests heterogeneity within the fault plane of this major low-angle thrust event associated with subduction along the Middle America Trench. A simple two-asperity model is proposed to account for the complexity. Foreshocks and aftershocks of the neighboring 1981 Playa Azul earthquake showed a similar pattern. As both events occurred at the junction of the Orozco Fracture Zone and the Middle America Trench, we speculate that the observed complex fault plane is caused by subduction of the rugged ocean floor of the Orozco Fracture Zone. Short-term precursory seismicity prior to the Petatlan earthquake can be explained by using the asperity model and migration of a slip front from the south-east to the north-west across the main shock source region. 相似文献
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本文探索了网络化环境下,利用现代化的信息技术,对地震科技信息资源集成整合以及共建共享等问题。 相似文献
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Introduction Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) is a great break in processing nonlinear and non-stationary data and can be successfully used in many science domains. There are mainly two parts in this method. The first part is to decompose the original data into several intrinsic mode functions (IMF) with the empirical mode decomposition (EMD). IMF components are derived from the original data directly according to the local characteristics in the data under some rules, so that IMF are poste… 相似文献
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石油与天然气的成因问题关系到我国乃至世界各国能源结构的配置及其能源在社会与经济发展中的地位和导向.自从17世纪展开对石油的有机与无机成因的争论以来,至今已有约300~400年的历史.尽管有机成因论占据了统治地位,但是无机成因论亦不断地在兴起!通过对这二者的理解和研究,从理论上讲他们都具有一定的物质基础和论据.基于对国内、外一些特异油田的生储环境,原油中所富含的微量金属元素的聚集与散失,某些油田中并未找到卟啉分子这样的生物标志物,碳、氢、氧化学合成实验等方面取得了一定的成效,故全盘否定无机生油的论点和论据确尚感为时过早或欠妥!显然,在以有机物成油为主体的前提下,无机物亦可生成部分石油,并通过运移、渗透到各油田的储集层中应是完全可能的.基于这样的分析、研究和探索,现提出石油的双机(a有机+b无机)混合成因的新理念.诚希能在今后的石油工业发展中,从理论、技术、实验和实践中强化对双机混合成因新理念的深化研究与探索,以达深切理解和扩展石油生、储空间环境等是不无裨益的! 相似文献
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Geochemical analysis of fine grained (<20 μm) tephra found in ice cores is inherently difficult, due to the typically low number and small size of available particles. Ice core tephra samples require specialized sample preparation techniques to maximize the amount of information that can be gained from these logistically limited samples that may provide important chronology to an ice record, as well as linking glacial, marine and terrestrial sediments. We have developed a flexible workflow for preparation of tephra and cryptotephra samples to allow accurate and robust geochemical fingerprinting, which is fundamental to tephrochronology. The samples can be prepared so that secondary electron imagery can be obtained for morphological characterization of the samples to ensure that the sample is tephra-bearing and then the sample can be further prepared for quantitative electron microprobe analysis using wavelength dispersive techniques (EMP-WDS), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS), laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) or secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). Some samples may be too small for typical instrumentation conditions to be used (i.e. 20 μm beam on the EMP) to analyze for geochemistry and we present other techniques that can be employed to obtain accurate, although less precise, geochemistry. Methods include analyzing unpolished tephra shards less than 5 μm in diameter with a 1 μm beam on an SEM; using the “broad beam overlap” EMP method on irregular particles less than 20 μm in diameter, and analyzing microlitic shards as well as aphyric shards using EMP to increase the number of analyzed shards in low abundance tephra layers. The methods presented are flexible enough to be employed in other geological environments (terrestrial, marine and glacial) which will help maximize and integrate multiple environments into the overall tephra framework. 相似文献