江苏吴县东山曹坞西氧化带锡矿物质成分研究及其意义

江苏吴县东山曹坞西氧化带锡矿物质成分研究及其意义张慧敏江苏省地质矿产测试应用研究所，南京，２１００１８ＴｈｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｎｔｈｅＣｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｏｆＴｉｎＯｒｅｓｉｎｔｈｅＷｅｓｔｏｆＣａｏｗｕＯｘｉｄｉｚｅｄＺｏｎｅ，Ｄｏｎｇｓｈａｎｏ...     

SOME NEW OPINIONS ABOUT TRIASSIC GASTROPOD ASSEMBLAGES IN CHINA

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METAMORPHOSED MICROCLASTIC ROCK-TYPE GOLD DEPOSITS IN CHINA

ＭＥＴＡＭＯＲＰＨＯＳＥＤＭＩＣＲＯＣＬＡＳＴＩＣＲＯＣＫＴＹＰＥＧＯＬＤＤＥＰＯＳＩＴＳＩＮＣＨＩＮＡＬｕＤｅｆｕＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｌｏｇｙ，ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ１０００２９ＷａｎｇＸｉｕｚｈ...     

特大型矿床成矿偏在性研究的新进展

特大型矿床成矿偏在性研究的新进展ＮｅｗＡｄｖａｎｃｅｓｉｎｔｈｅＳｔｕｄｙｏｆＭｅｔａｌｌｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓＰｒｅｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｌｉｔｙｏｆＧｉａｎｔＯｒｅＤｅｐｏｓｉｔｓ裴荣富，吴良士（中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所，北京）特大型矿床系指其规模为大—...     

WEB GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM

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姻袭成矿与特大型矿床

姻袭成矿与特大型矿床ＡｆｉｌｉａｔｉｏｎａｌＭｅｔａｌｏｇｅｎｙａｎｄＧｉａｎｔＯｒｅＤｅｐｏｓｉｔｓ裴荣富（中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所，北京）烟袭成矿或称亲缘成矿。这一成矿概念早在中世纪（１６世纪中期以前）的矿石成因猜想年代就已萌芽［１］。例如当...     

DYNAMOMETAMORPHIC MINERALIZATION OF LALA COPER DEPPOSIT,HUILI,SICHUAN PROVINCE

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A VALID METHOD TO STUDY PALEOGEOTEMPERATURE

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A TWO-LAYER STRUCTURE OF THE NANNING BASIN

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HYALOPHANE-BEARING GNEISS IN NORTH CHINA CRATON AND ITS GEOLOGICAL IMPLICATION

ＨＹＡＬＯＰＨＡＮＥＢＥＡＲＩＮＧＧＮＥＩＳＳＩＮＮＯＲＴＨＣＨＩＮＡＣＲＡＴＯＮＡＮＤＩＴＳＧＥＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＩＭＰＬＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＹａｎＹｕｅｈｕａＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｌｏｇｙ，ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅｍｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，Ｂｅｉ...     

广东大宝山矿田船肚钼钨铜矿床的地质特征、成矿规律与找矿方向

广东大宝山矿田船肚矽卡岩型钨钼铜矿床受船肚花岗闪长岩体接触带的控制,按空间展布分为北矿带和南矿带。浅部钻探和坑道揭露显示:北矿带裂隙密集,由石英网脉型、构造破碎带型及少量矽卡岩型铜钼矿组成;南矿带为矽卡岩型钨钼矿。蚀变特征和矿化类型及成岩成矿年龄表明,该钼钨矿床是与燕山期花岗闪长岩浆活动有关的中高温热液充填交代矿床,成矿物质来源于花岗闪长岩。通过对有利的赋矿围岩分析、控矿构造解析和与大宝山矿区的控矿要素对比分析,认为船肚岩体是沿着寒武系(顶板)与泥盆系(底板)之间的推覆构造侵入的,靠近花岗闪长岩的内接触带是石英网脉型辉钼矿的有利找矿部位,而云英岩化则是有效的找矿标志。在深部和外围矽卡岩带是船肚矿区南、北矿带探寻矽卡岩型钼钨矿体最具潜力的部位。船肚北矿带次英安斑岩体内部、与斑岩体相连通的成矿前断裂带中和构造虚脱部位、块状和似层状矿体外围的断层、裂隙、节理连通部位及层间滑动虚脱部位都是下一步铜多金属矿找矿的有利部位。文章认为船肚矿区深部存在隐伏铜钼多金属矿体的潜力较大,是大宝山多金属矿田找矿突破的重点地段和重要接替资源区域。     

湖北省铜山口铜(钼)矿床成矿流体水岩反应数值模拟

湖北省铜山口铜(钼)矿床是一典型的夕卡岩 斑岩复合型矿床。通过对其流体包裹体的系统研究,确定了成矿流体的成分及温压条件;结合矿床学的研究,将成矿过程分解为两个平行的成矿阶段,即夕卡岩型矿化阶段和斑岩型矿化阶段。根据Johnson和Reed等人建立的水 岩反应模型,对该矿床的成矿流体与围岩的反应并析出金属沉淀的过程进行了数值模拟计算。结果表明:在斑岩型矿化阶段,成矿流体系统出现等焓减压沸腾过程并沉淀出大量的金属矿物,成矿流体分异为低盐度流体和高盐度流体;在夕卡岩型成矿阶段,沉淀出典型的夕卡岩矿物;在整个成矿过程中,成矿流体的pH值逐渐升高。模拟计算结果与实际地质现象非常吻合,说明所建立的水 岩反应模型可以为理解这一类复合型金属热液矿床的形成机制提供一个新的思路。     

Palladium, Platinum and Gold Concentrations in Fengshan Porphyry Cu–Mo Deposit, Hubei Province, China

Abstract: The Fengshan porphyry-skarn copper–molybdenum (Cu–Mo) deposit is located in the south-eastern Hubei Province in east China. Cu–Mo mineralization is hosted in the Fengshan granodiorite porphyry stock that intruded the Triassic Daye Formation carbonate rocks in the early Cretaceous (~140 Ma), as well as the contact zone between granodiorite porphyry stock and carbonate rocks, forming the porphyry-type and skarn-type association. The Fengshan granodiorite stock and the immediate country rocks are strongly fractured and intensely altered by hydrothermal fluids. In addition to intense skarn alteration, the prominent alteration types are potassic, phyllic, and propylitic, whereas argillation is less common. Mineralization occurs as veins, stock works, and disseminations, and the main ore minerals are chalcopyrite, pyrite, molybdenite, bornite, and magnetite. The contents of palladium, platinum and gold (Pd, Pt and Au) are determined in nine samples from fresh and mineralized granodiorite and different types of altered rocks. The results show that the Pd content is systematically higher than Pt, which is typical for porphyry ore deposits worldwide. The Pt content ranges from 0.037 to1.765 ppb, and the Pd content ranges between 0.165 and 17.979 ppb. Pd and Pt are more concentrated in porphyry mineralization than skarn mineralization, and have negative correlations with Au. The reconnaissance study presented here confirms the existence of Pd and Pt in the Fengshan porphyry-skarn Cu–Mo deposit. When compared with intracontinent and island arc geotectonic settings, the Pd, Pt, and Au contents in the Fengshan porphyry Cu–Mo deposit in the intracontinent is lower than the continental margin types and island are types. A combination of available data indicates that Pd and Pt were derived from oxidized alkaline magmas generated by the partial melting of an enriched mantle source.     

Fluid Inclusions and C,H, O,S, and Pb Isotopic Compositions of the Dabaoshan Cu Polymetallic Deposit,Northern Guangdong Province,South China

The Dabaoshan deposit in Northern Guangdong Province, South China, is a Cu–Mo–W–Pb–Zn polymetallic deposit, located in the southern part of the Qin–Hang porphyry–skarn Cu–Mo ore belt. The deposit mainly comprises porphyry Mo and stratiform skarn Cu ore deposits. The genesis of the Cu ore deposit has been ascribed to a typical skarn ore deposit formed by the metasomatism of Devonian carbonate rock layers or to a volcanic rock‐hosted massive sulfide deposit formed by marine exhalation. In this paper, we report on the homogenization temperatures and salinities of fluid inclusions and C, H, O, S, and Pb isotopic compositions of fluids and minerals in this deposit. Homogenization temperatures and salinities of fluid inclusions in garnet, diopside, quartz, and calcite provide information on the skarnification, mineralization, and postmineralization stages. The data show that ore‐forming fluids experienced a continuous transition from high temperatures and salinities to low temperatures and salinities over the entire period of mineralization. C, H, and O isotopic compositions indicate that ore‐forming fluids were derived mainly from magmatic water. O isotopic compositions indicate that ore‐forming fluids mingled with atmospheric water during the last stage of mineralization. Sulfur in the ore came mainly from deep magmatic sources. Pb isotopic compositions in the orebody show that almost all the lead in the ore was derived from magma with a crustal source. Combined geological, geophysical, and geochemical data were achieved before we proposed that the Dabaoshan porphyry–skarn Cu–Mo–W–Pb–Zn deposit, as one member of the Qin–Hang porphyry–skarn Cu–Mo ore belt, formed during the Jurassic subduction of the paleo‐Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian continent at quite low angle. NE‐ and EW‐trending structures controlled the emplacement of magmatic rocks in the South China region. In the mining area, the Xiangguanping Fault and its branches were the main conduits for magmatic crystallization and mineralization. The many subfaults, folds, and interlayer fracture zones on both sides of the main fault provided the requisite space for the ore and, together, were the controlling structures of the orebody.     

江西瑞昌戏子洞铜多金属矿地质特征与控矿因素

戏子洞铜多金属矿主要产于燕山期花岗闪长斑岩及其接触带附近,赋存于花岗闪长斑岩、矽卡岩内,具有典型岩浆热液矿床成因特点。在详细分析戏子洞铜多金属矿地质特征的基础上,认为矿体主要受花岗闪长斑岩、奥陶系与志留系之间岩性差异界面及北东向层滑断层等因素综合控制。     

内蒙古赤峰山金-多金属矿床特征及找矿方向

赤峰山金．多金属矿位于北山多金属成矿带，区内共发现金．多金属矿脉114条，其中金和含金矿脉19条，均产于华力西晚期黑云二长花岗岩体和斑状花岗闪长岩株北接触带上的蓟县系平顶山群大理岩中，受接触带夕卡岩化带及近EW、NE、NW和NNW向断裂所控制。在空间上由内一外依次分布着高温热液接触交代夕卡岩型铜．铁矿床，中低温热液型金．铅．多金属矿床，明显地反映出岩浆热液型矿床自高一中一中低温的水平分带特征，呈现出与一般热液型矿床相一致的成矿序列。中酸性小岩株、岩枝与碳酸盐岩内外接触带的破碎带是赋矿的有利部位，夕卡岩化带以及地表遭受强烈氧化而形成的氧化铅及砷酸岩矿物是直接的找矿标志。     

安徽池州许桥银矿地质特征及矿区深部找矿方向

许桥银矿床位于长江中下游成矿带安庆-贵池矿集区东南部,矿床银储量达到中型规模,成矿岩体为分水岭石英闪长岩,矿体主要呈似层状赋存于分水岭岩体北东侧奥陶系仑山组、汤山组地层层间裂隙中;矿石矿物主要为黄铁矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿、黝铜矿、黄铜矿、辉银矿、自然银,脉石矿物为石英、碳酸盐矿物;矿石组构以自形-他形晶结构、交代结构、稀疏浸染状构造和网脉状构造为主;围岩蚀变类型主要有硅化、碳酸盐化、矽卡岩化、绿泥石化等;许桥银矿床成矿作用经历了两个成矿期：热液期和表生期,热液期又可分为三个成矿阶段,即为矽卡岩阶段、石英-硫化物阶段及碳酸盐-硫化物阶段;成矿流体早期以岩浆热液为主、晚期混有大气降水的流体演化特征;成矿物质主要来源于岩浆热液,地层贡献了部分矿质;成矿温度为中低温（208～259℃）,矿床类型为中低温热液银多金属矿床,并指明了矿区深部找矿方向。     

Alteration and mineralization at the Zhibula Cu skarn deposit,Gangdese belt,Tibet

The Zhibula Cu skarn deposit contains 0.32 Mt. Cu metal with an average grade of 1.64% and is located in the Gangdese porphyry copper belt in southern Tibet. The deposit is a typical metasomatic skarn that is related to the interaction of magmatic–hydrothermal fluids and calcareous host rock. Stratiform skarn orebodies occur at the contact between tuff and marble in the Lower Jurassic Yeba Formation. Alteration zones generally grade from a fresh tuff to a garnet-bearing tuff, a garnet pyroxene skarn, and finally to a wollastonite marble. Minor endoskarn alteration zonations are also observed in the causative intrusion, which grade from a fresh granodiorite to a weakly chlorite-altered granodiorite, a green diopside-bearing granodiorite, and to a dark red-brown garnet-bearing granodiorite. Prograde minerals, which were identified by electron probe microanalysis include andradite–grossularite of various colors (e.g., red, green, and yellow) and green diopside. Retrograde metamorphic minerals overprint the prograde skarn, and are mainly composed of epidote, quartz, and chlorite. The ore minerals consist of chalcopyrite and bornite, followed by magnetite, molybdenite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, galena, and sphalerite. Three types of fluid inclusions are recognized in the Zhibula deposit, including liquid-rich two-phase inclusions (type L), vapor-rich two-phase inclusions (type V), and daughter mineral-bearing three-phase inclusions (type S). As the skarn formation evolved from prograde (stage I) to early retrograde (stage II) and later retrograde (stage III), the ore-forming fluids correspondingly evolved from high temperature (405–667 °C), high salinity (up to 44.0 wt.% NaCl equiv.), and high pressure (500–600 bar) to low-moderate temperature (194–420 °C), moderate-high salinity (10.1–18.3 and 30.0–44.2 wt.% NaCl equiv.), and low-moderate pressure (250–350 bar). Isotopic data of δ³⁴S (− 0.1‰ to − 6.8‰, estimated δ³⁴S_fluids = − 0.7‰), δD_H2O (− 91‰ to − 159‰), and δ¹⁸O_H2O (1.5‰ to 9.2‰) suggest that the ore-forming fluid and material came from magmatic–hydrothermal fluids that were associated with Miocene Zhibula intrusions. Fluid immiscibility likely occurred at the stage I and stage II during the formation of the skarn and mineralization. Fluid boiling occurred during the stage III, which is the most important Cu deposition mechanism for the Zhibula deposit.     

安徽铜陵桂花冲斑岩铜矿围岩蚀变与矿化作用

桂花冲铜矿为安徽铜陵地区新发现的斑岩型铜矿,斑岩体为准铝质高钾钙碱性的花岗闪长斑岩。围岩蚀变与矿化作用是斑岩型矿床成矿过程研究的一项重要内容,对蚀变带岩石开展元素地球化学成分的迁移研究,是分析热液交代蚀变过程的基础。桂花冲铜矿区内围岩蚀变作用比较强烈,蚀变类型主要有钾化、绢云母化、硅化、绿泥石化和碳酸盐化等。蚀变分带比较明显,由内向外依次为钾化带、绢英岩化带和青磐岩化带,矿体主要产于绢英岩化带内。矿化蚀变自早至晚划分为钾长石、石英-绢云母、石英多金属硫化物和碳酸盐4个阶段。蚀变带物质组分迁移结果表明,在蚀变过程中,岩石的主量元素除TiO₂、MnO、MgO外,其他元素迁移量发生了明显改变;微量元素除Sr和Cu外,迁移量变化较小,稀土元素在矿化强的部位亏损,在矿化弱的地带富集。岩体及蚀变带岩石稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式一致,说明岩体与蚀变岩石经历了相同来源流体的交代蚀变,是岩浆流体连续作用的结果。     

江西武山铜矿区新发现钨矿（化）体特征和其成因——来自矿相学、白钨矿原位U-Pb年代学和元素地球化学的约束

钨和铜有明显不同的地球化学性质,但钨、铜在矿床中可以共伴生,原因还不清楚。长江中下游成矿带发育典型的斑岩-矽卡岩-层状铜（钨）多金属成矿系统,其中层状铜（钨）矿体成矿时代数据相对较少。作者以该带九瑞矿集区武山铜矿区新发现的钨矿（化）体为研究对象,开展了矿相学、白钨矿原位U-Pb年代学和元素地球化学的研究。研究发现,武山矿床具有层状、矽卡岩型、斑岩型3类铜矿体均有白钨矿矿化,矿床整体由浅至深存在Cu→Cu-W的分带规律。3类矿石中的白钨矿产状类似,充填在粗粒黄铁矿晶体间隙,或呈浸染状分布,被黄铜矿、闪锌矿等交代,产于退化蚀变阶段;其中斑岩中还存在少量晚世代白钨矿,与石英、黄铁矿共生,形成细脉并穿切花岗闪长斑岩,为石英-硫化物阶段产物。通过对退化蚀变阶段白钨矿进行测年和地球化学研究,作者获得了层状矿体含钨黄铜矿矿石中的白钨矿原位LA-ICP-MS U-Pb同位素年龄为（140.6±1.5）Ma,代表层状铜钨矿体成矿时代,在误差范围内与前人获得的斑岩、矽卡岩型矿体的成矿时代基本一致。层状矿体中白钨矿的稀土元素特征和Sr/Mo值符合岩浆热液矿床特征,相比矽卡岩型、花岗岩型白钨矿,层状矿体中白钨矿具有明显较低Mo含量,反映了形成于相对低氧逸度条件;另外,层状矿体中白钨矿具有正Eu异常和与围岩相近的高Y/Ho值的特征,推测其是流体充分交代了含碳围岩地层导致流体性质的明显改变,并且有利于白钨矿和黄铁矿的沉淀,可从深部黄龙组层间部位形成钨品位更富的黄铁矿矿石得到佐证。文章从白钨矿角度证实层状矿体是斑岩-矽卡岩成矿系统的重要组成部分,提出在九瑞矿集区已知铜矿床的深部,尤其是燕山期中酸性侵入岩与含碳质碳酸盐岩的接触带及黄龙组层位,是寻找富钨矿体的新找矿方向。白钨矿的U-Pb同位素定年为长江中下游成矿带层状矿体的成矿时代提供了新的可靠依据。