Palynological dating of infra- and intertrappean sediments in the Mesozoic succession of Borehole PGD-6, Domra Sub-basin, West Bengal, India

Palynofloras have been examined from infra- and intertrappean sediments of the Panchet and Rajmahal Formations in the Domra Sub-basin of the Damodar Basin, West Bengal, India. Three distinct palynological assemblages are identified and referred to the following palynozones: (i)Lundbladispora–Verrucosisporites(506.60–505.00 m, late Early Triassic, (ii)Murospora florida(501.65–422.20 m. Late Jurassic, Kimmeridgian–Tithonian), and (iii)Cicatricosisporites australiensis(342.00–229.6 m. Early Cretaceous, Tithonian–Berriasian). The first occurrences ofCallialasporites turbatusandC. dampieriare at 501.65 m.Callialasporitesis a dominant element of the succeeding assemblages from the Panchet Formation and indicates a Jurassic age. The FAD ofCicatricosisporites australiensisandC. augustusat 342.00 m, and inconsistent occurrences ofAequitriradites spinulosus,Crybelosporites stylosusin the overlying sediments indicate Jurassic–Cretaceous transition.     

An Early Cretaceous age for the Rajmahal traps, Panagarh area, West Bengal: palynological evidence

The discovery of traps in the subsurface Mesozoic succession of the Panagarh area, West Bengal, has drawn attention to their correlation with the traps in the Rajmahal Basin, Bihar. The objective of this paper is to assess the palynological dating of the intertrappean beds with the help of sequential first appearances of the stratigraphically important spore species Cicatricosisporites australiensis, Aquitriradites spinulosus, and Foraminisporis wonthaggiensis. C. australiensis, along with the first appearance of A. spinulosus, denotes the earliest Berriasian. This association is significant for recognition of the Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary. The lowest occurrence of F. wonthaggiensis indicates deposits of Berriasian–Valanginian age. The data on which these observations are based have been obtained from the intertrappean beds of the Rajmahal Formation in six boreholes: PGD-1A, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 9A. Further palynological studies on boreholes PGD-4, 8 and 9A have indicated the approximate time-span for the duration of volcanic activity in the Panagarh area. This seems to have been initiated in the early Berriasian and continued into the Hauterivian, which is earlier than the volcanism associated with the Rajmahal traps in the Rajmahal Basin.     

川西南犍为地区下三叠统嘉陵江组沉积相及其演化特征

以岩心精细描述、薄片鉴定和测井曲线分析为基础,通过对川西南犍为地区嘉陵江组的岩石类型组合、古生物化石、沉积结构、沉积构造和沉积序列等沉积相标志的详细研究,结合区域沉积背景,认为犍为地区嘉陵江组为半局限海-局限海台地沉积,进一步识别出混积潮坪、潮缘滩、半局限泻湖、局限泻湖和蒸发潮坪等5种沉积亚相类型;在此基础上,通过连井沉积相横剖面对比和重点层段沉积相平面分布特征的研究,揭示出嘉陵江组的沉积相演化规律由下至上从混积潮缘到潮下低能,再到潮上蒸发环境,构成一个完整的海进一海退发展旋回;其中的潮缘滩相颗粒岩和潮坪相云岩可成为有利的油气储集相带。     

藏北双湖地区三叠纪地层新资料

在西藏北部双湖江爱达日那地区新发现一套出露较完整的三叠纪地层体，从多重地层的角度阐述了三叠系各组级岩石地层单位的基本特征。通过剖面测制，获取了丰富的三叠系地层、沉积相和古生物化石资料，尤其是下三叠统硬水泉组生物扰动灰岩、鲕粒灰岩、豆粒灰岩和中三叠统康南组舍菊石灰岩的发现，为羌塘盆地三叠系地层、沉积相划分与对比，生物古地理研究和沉积盆地分析提供了重要的基础性资料。根据岩石类型和生物组合等特征，将上三叠统土门格拉群含煤系地层划分为3个组级岩石地层单位：红水沟组、石门关组和江爱达日那组。     

滇西祥云地区早侏罗世地层发现恐龙新墓地

1938年,云南许氏禄丰龙的发现拉开了云南侏罗纪恐龙研究、发掘的序幕,恐龙化石的发现地从云南禄丰一带向外延展,陆续在云南晋宁、元谋姜驿、云南易门夕阳、武定万德、双柏安龙堡等地报道,但目前恐龙化石的报道均集中在楚雄盆地的中部及东部,而楚雄盆地的西部地区未有报道。笔者等通过全面系统的古生物化石调查,在滇西祥云地区下侏罗统冯家河组首次发现恐龙骨胳化石产地,对该新化石产地开展初步化石剖面调查和修理,共发现有5层恐龙化石富集层,部分化石保存较为完整,未经过长距离搬运,以原地埋藏保存为主,骨胳化石主要有肠骨、椎体、坐骨及肱骨等。这一发现拓宽了云南恐龙化石的分布范围,填补了楚雄盆地西部无恐龙化石的空白,丰富了云南早侏罗世恐龙化石库,为楚雄盆地西部古环境演化及地层对比提供了重要的古生物化石研究素材     

广西钦州地区侏罗纪地层新资料

钦州、钦州湾盆地的侏罗系划分与对比问题一直存在争议。本文根据钦州地区１／５万区调资料，提出一些新的认识；认为该区侏罗系下部可创建那周尾组，反映其与十万大山地区和桂东的西湾地区下侏罗统在岩性组合上的差异；明确了东兴组的含义及使用范围；首次报道了钦州盆地诛罗纪的孢粉组合并讨论了其地层学意义；根据钦州盆地沉积相序的特点，论述了钦州盆地的沉积背景及沉积环境的演化历史。     

山东侏罗纪地层划分与对比

蒙阴盆地坊子组的发现，为统一山东省侏罗纪地层的划分与命名提供了依据，解决了长期以来汶南组与三台组同物异名引起的对比混乱问题。     

辽宁北部秀水地区中侏罗统地层的厘定及其地质意义

通过开展油气基础地质调查,对分布于辽宁北部秀水河子一带的含煤岩系进行了钻孔岩心资料、岩性组合和古生物化石特征的研究。结果表明,该套含煤岩系地层时代为中侏罗世,可以与辽宁西部地区的海房沟组对比。该套地层的厘定为研究区构造演化、油气地质勘探寻找中侏罗统烃源岩层提供了重要的基础地质资料。     

云南乌蒙山区中下三叠统层序地层与沉积相研究——以彝良地区为例

通过对云南乌蒙山区彝良地区中下三叠统6条野外地质剖面测量及500余片岩石薄片镜下观察,结合区域构造特征,将该地区中下三叠统划分为6个三级层序。岩石类型主要为泥铁质粉砂岩、细粒长石岩屑砂岩、含钙质泥质粉砂岩、细粒岩屑砂岩、钙质胶结细粒岩屑砂岩、含生物屑泥晶灰岩、泥灰岩、泥灰岩-含海绿石铁质生物屑亮晶砂屑灰岩、微晶灰岩-泥晶灰岩-含海绿石泥晶砂屑灰岩、亮晶鲕粒灰岩、含粉砂质泥质微晶灰岩、微晶灰岩等。结合沉积物的结构特征、组分及其组合特征,认为彝良地区中下三叠统的沉积相主要为海岸和碳酸盐岩开阔台地相。     

Palynological evidence for dating Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary sediments in the Bureya basin, Russian Far East

Palynological complexes from the coaliferous Talyndzhan and Dublikan formations of the Bureya sedimentary basin are analyzed. The palynological assemblage from the upper part of the Talyndzhan Formation is characterized by dominant gymnosperms largely close to Pinaceae and Ginkgocycadophytus. The content of ferns is insignificant against the background of their relatively high taxonomic diversity. The assemblage is marked by the last occurrence of Staplinisporites pocockii, Camptotriletes cerebriformis, C. nitida, and Cingulatisporites sanguinolentus spores typical of the Late Jurassic palynofloras. The palynological assemblage from the Dublikan Formation is dominated by Pteridophyts representing mainly by Cyathidites and Duplexisporites. In addition to the conifer, the role of Classopollis increased among the gymnosperms in this assemblage. It also includes the first-appearing Stereisporites bujargiensis, Neoraistrickia rotundiformis, Contignisporites dorsostriatus, Duplexisporites pseudotuberculatus, D. rotundatus, Appendicisporites tricostatus, and Concavissimisporites asper. These sporomorphs are characteristic of the Berriasian palynofloras. Thus, the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary is most likely located between the Talyndzhan and Dublikan formations.     

辽宁建昌玲珑塔地区中侏罗世地层与化石初步报道

辽西建昌县玲珑塔地区出露一套火山岩所夹的沉积地层, 富含叶肢介、介形类、双壳类、鱼、昆虫、脊椎动物和植物等化石。经区域地层研究, 结合对玲珑塔大西山地质剖面实测以及对该剖面新近所采集的各门类化石的综合研究, 确认此套沉积地层位于义县组之下, 属髫髻山组, 化石显示“燕辽生物群”面貌, 时代为中侏罗世。     

鄂尔多斯盆地彭阳地区侏罗系延安组地层水化学特征及成因类型分析

运用地层水物理化学分析方法对鄂尔多斯盆地彭阳地区侏罗系延安组地层水离子浓度、矿化度、离子组合等特征进行综合研究,从而揭示其类型、演化过程和成因。研究结果表明,研究区地层水以Cl–、（ Na++ K+）离子为主,SO42-及Ca2+离子次之,具较高矿化度;地层水为盐水和卤水,主要为CaCl2型和Na2SO4型;Piper三线图解表明,未发生淡水混入作用,整体为交替停滞的缺氧还原环境。研究区延安组地层水矿化度高、离子浓度组合特征反映地层具较强的还原环境,有利于油藏保存;为原生沉积水,在演化过程中受到了蒸发浓缩作用、水—岩作用及生物作用的共同影响;地层水分布受前侏罗纪古地貌的影响较强,不同古地貌单元地层水的化学性质明显不同。     

Early Permian Palaeoenvironment in Damodar Valley Coalfields, India: an Overview

In the Damodar Valley Basin, coalfields containing coal bearing Barakar Formation are Raniganj, Jharia, Bokaro, Ramgarh, and Karanpura. The Barakar Formation is composed of conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, shale, fireclay, and coal. The lower part of Barakar Formation represents a braided channel deposit, and also in few places glacio-fluvial deposit which changes to meandering channel system with the formation of some ox-bow lake, and cut-off channel in the middle part. In a few places deltaic/brackish water condition possibly existed along with this meandering channel system. In the upper part of Barakar Formation, marine signatures are more prominant. Marine signatures/influences have been reported from Barakar Formation of Ramgarh, South Karanpura, and West Bokaro coalfields on the basis of trace fossil assemblage, sedimentation character, and trace element content. Although, definite marine signatures have not been observed from Jharia, and Raniganj coalfields, high concentration of boron, vanadium, and chromium, and presence of skolithos, and thalassinoides burrows possibly suggest a brackish water condition. The upper part clearly suggest that the sediments were deposited in a geographic setting very close to the sea or at the edge of the sea possibly in a peritidal setting where storm activity played a vital role during sedimentation which in turn suggests the presence of a broad shallow sea (epeiric/epicontinental sea) that develop during times of high sea level. The sea water possibly entered from the northeastern side as vast seaways or as embayment through the Damodar Valley which acted as a channel.     

塔里木盆地塔河地区下石炭统巴楚组沉积演化

以塔里木盆地加里东期和海西两期构造运动为背景,结合现有的岩心、露头、测井、录井和地震资料,对巴楚组可识别出早期的辫状河三角洲沉积,中期的潟湖沉积和盐湖沉积,以及晚期的咸化潟湖沉积。本文分别从横向上和纵向上对塔河地区巴楚组沉积演化进行深入分析;总结了巴楚组构造运动与沉积响应之间的关系,以期为该地区的下石炭统巴楚组的进一步勘探提供科学依据。     

安徽巢湖下三叠统含巢湖龙动物群地层微相特征及古环境

安徽巢湖马家山剖面下三叠统南陵湖组中段上部—上段下部第598—630自然层中产出早三叠世巢湖龙动物群化石。通过对赋存巢湖龙动物群化石的第598—630自然层的微相类型和稳定碳氧同位素进行分析,揭示了该时期的沉积环境及其变化。在该段地层中共识别出4种微相类型,分别是红色—灰色瘤状厚层含骨针—双壳类生屑泥晶灰岩、灰色含生屑泥质泥晶灰岩、青灰色纹层状泥质泥晶灰岩和浅灰色含泥质泥晶灰岩,反映当时沉积环境从早到晚由外缓坡脚—深海盆地边缘渐变为外缓坡环境。稳定碳氧同位素分析表明,该段地层中δ¹³C值与 δ¹⁸O 值普遍偏低。综合微相、沉积相及稳定碳氧同位素特征,推断巢湖龙动物群生活在安静的外缓坡环境中,伴生的生物种类及数量相对比较稀少,海水温度总体偏高。     

川西德格—巴塘一带的晚三叠世地层

四川西部金沙江畔德格—巴塘一带出露一套低级变质的火山-沉积岩系,含有丰富的双壳类、腕足类、头足类,特别是六射珊瑚等化石。由于构造复杂,过去对这套地层形成时期的构造环境和地层分层曾有不同认识。根据所含古生物化石和同邻区对比,将这套地层的时代划归晚三叠世,并自老而新划分为3个组:打马洞组、曲嘎寺组与图姆沟组。其中打马洞组为新建立的地层单位。     

川西德格—巴塘一带的晚三叠世地层

四川西部金沙江畔德格—巴塘一带出露一套低级变质的火山-沉积岩系,含有丰富的双壳类、腕足类、头足类,特别是六射珊瑚等化石。由于构造复杂,过去对这套地层形成时期的构造环境和地层分层曾有不同认识。根据所含古生物化石和同邻区对比,将这套地层的时代划归晚三叠世,并自老而新划分为3个组：打马洞组、曲嘎寺组与图姆沟组。其中打马洞组为新建立的地层单位。     

藏东类乌齐地区中侏罗世地层的特征与划分

通过近年1:5万类乌齐县等四幅区域地质调查、实测剖面和综合分析研究,项目组将1:20万类乌齐幅地质调查报告所划的雁石坪群和1:25万昌都幅地质调查报告所划的东大桥组解体为莎巧木组和捷布曲组,对该区中侏罗世地层划分做了有益的尝试,有助于藏东的基础地质调查。     

Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of a retrogradational fan-delta system within Lower Triassic in the Mabei area,Junggar Basin (northwestern China)

The sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of a retrogradational fan-delta system within Lower Triassic in the Mabei area of Junggar Basin in northwestern China were investigated using seismic, well log, and core data, complemented by the modern deposition and a flume tank experiment. The Lower Triassic in the Mabei area is dominated by fan deltas, which are composed of fan-delta plain (including subaerial debris flow, braided channel, conglomerate overbank, and floodplain), fan-delta front (including conglomerate shoal and sandy shoal), and prodelta. The braided channels form during the low flood period. The conglomerate overbanks form during the flood period and occupy most part of the fan-delta plain. The conglomerate shoals and sandy shoals form by a sheet flow prograding into lakes and occur as a sheet. The braided channels, conglomerate shoals, and sandy shoals are easy to form high-porosity reservoirs. One long-term base level cycles (LSC1), three middle-term base level cycles (MSC1, MSC2, and MSC3), and fifteen short-term base level cycles are identified. MSC1 is dominated by the fan-delta plain; MSC2 is dominated by the fan-delta front; and MSC3 is dominated by the fan-delta front and prodelta. The stratigraphy shows a proximal-middle-distal trend demonstrating an overall retrogradation stacking pattern. The sequence architecture is controlled by an interplay between lake level changes and sediment supply. The quick rise in the lake level and the creation of accommodation outpacing the rate of sediment supply result in a retrogradational fan-delta syste.     

伊犁盆地南缘郎卡地区中侏罗统西山窑组沉积特征及演化

针对伊犁盆地郎卡地区中侏罗统西山窑组铀矿地质勘查中对沉积相研究存在的问题,以钻孔岩芯精细研究为基础,结合区域地质背景及测井、地震、粒度等分析资料进行沉积相标志、沉积相展布及沉积演化等进行综合研究.研究成果表明研究区西山窑组主要发育辫状河三角洲和湖泊2种沉积相.西山窑组下段沉积时期,研究区发育辫状河三角洲平原沉积,分流河...