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1.
深海沉积中的钙质超微化石是古海洋表层生产力的替代性标志之一。通过对南海南部ODP1143站第四纪沉积中超微化石分析,从绝对丰度和堆积速率、Florisphaera profunda百分含量及碳同位素三个方面探讨了该区第四纪表层海水古生产力的变化特征。结果显示,1.56Ma以来南海南部表层海水古生产力呈现两种不同时间尺度的变化。一是随冰期-间冰期旋回而变化,间冰期时,表层海水生产力高,而冰期时则降低;另一种则是大约40万年的长周期变化,自1.56Ma以来,可以分成四个大的旋回,每个旋回内表层海水古生产力又经历了从低到高再到低的变化。  相似文献   

2.
古近纪构造事件及与其有关的进化性全球变冷导致海洋中环流体系的重建。例如,在太平洋赤道区出现了具有高生物生产率的地区。在新近纪,当深部水(赤道上升流)的上升特别强烈时,生物质沉积物的堆积速度显著增加。由于这个地区具有在海洋演化中重要时期最重要的海洋学和气候学事件记录的古近纪沉积作用,出现了雪崩式巨厚层的新近纪沉积物。由于这个原因,它们的成分和结构至今仍研究很差。  相似文献   

3.
Calcareous nannoplankton from sediment trap samples collected at six sites in the Atlantic Ocean from 23° S to 73° N (cruise 20 of R/V Vityaz’ and cruise 33 and 34 of R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh). Those samples were studied with a scanning electron microscope. In the coastal and open-sea regions of the North and South Atlantic and in the subarctic region of the Norwegian Sea, the conditions are significantly different. In the shelf area of the Benguela upwelling, 11 species were recognized; some of them were agglutinated by diatoms and tintinnides or covered the surface of pellets. The Broken Spur and TAG pelagic areas of the North Atlantic contained up to 43 coccolith species. They included holococcoliths, large pelagic, and delicate easily soluble species distributed over the entire water column. The presence of coccoliths in the high-latitude area of the Norwegian Sea is related to their supply with the warmer North Atlantic waters. These assemblages are distinguished by a low species diversity and an enhancement of the coccolith solubility with the depth increase.  相似文献   

4.
前寒武纪—寒武纪边界处的海洋缺氧事件   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
前寒武纪—寒武纪 ( PC— C)边界处两个明显不同演化阶段的地层主要根据以下几点事区别 :1可视后生动物组合的变化 ;2化石埋藏条件的变化 ;3痕迹化石组合的变化 ;4寒武纪最早期海洋沉积物中生物扰动强度的增加。生物的这种不连续性归因于生物大量灭绝以及软体生物化石埋藏窗的关闭。有不少迹象表明埃迪卡拉动物群不断减少和有骨骼的无脊椎动物群的出现之间发生了地层超覆 ,这些迹象包括在寒武纪沉积物中发现了埃迪犬拉动物群 ,弄清了寒武纪大爆炸之前没有出现生物大量灭绝事件。另一方面 ,有人认为富营养的底层缺氧水团向上贯穿运动导致生…  相似文献   

5.
近年来发现在洋中脊不同地区 ,玄武质熔岩是非均一的 ,证明地幔源的成分是不一样的。研究地球化学省之间的边界区成为当前迫切的问题 ,因为一方面这使我们能查明上地幔的成分和物理参数 ,另一方面可以弄清其中发生的过程。表现明显的此类边界之一位于澳大利亚和南极洲之间的中印度洋中脊区 ,在该区这一边界与所谓澳大利亚—南极洲不整合区相吻合。这是全球洋中脊体系最深的 (4~ 5km)区域之一 ,这里存在着非常冷的地幔和相应的薄地壳。已进行的地质研究工作表明 ,由边界区向西和向东 ,一系列元素 (Sr、Nd、Pb)的同位素成分有着实质…  相似文献   

6.
Nannoplankton assemblages from Recent sediments of the deep-sea areas adjacent to the Canary and Cape Verde Islands are different. The distribution of nannoplankton is strongly related to the sediment type.The nannoplankton assemblage of the Canary Islands area, between the easternmost islands and Morocco, is influenced by the cold Canary current and also by continental-detrital sedimentation with reworked Cretaceous material.The samples from an area between the Cape Verde Islands do not contain reworked or cold-water species because of the shield effect of the islands. The material studied from the cores of both areas belongs to the youngest nannoplankton zone (Emiliania huxleyi zone, NN21).  相似文献   

7.
Pei  Hui-min  Wang  Dong 《中国海洋工程》2022,36(5):781-790

The shear strength and dilatancy of typical uncemented calcareous sand from the South China Sea are investigated by soil lab tests. According to drained triaxial tests at various relative densities and confining stresses, it is found that the constant volume friction angle is approximated as 39° and the traditional Bolton’s equations can be modified to estimate the peak friction angle and dilation angle. The reliability of the equation proposed for the peak friction angle is verified in terms of calcareous sands from more onshore and offshore sites worldwide, while the errors of the predicted dilation angles scatter in a relatively large range. Totally, the dilation angles of sands in the South China Sea are estimated by the equation presented with an error of ±30%. The peak friction angle measured by the undrained is similar to that by the drained tests as the relative density smaller than 60%, while the former is slightly lower for denser samples.

  相似文献   

8.
试论我国海岸带综合管理中的边界问题   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:5       下载免费PDF全文
海岸带CoastalZone,又称海岸地区,是陆地与海洋相互作用的地区。最近十几年来,该地区倍受世人瞩目,尤其在1992年联合国环境和发展大会以后,开发海岸带综合管理IntegratedCoastalZoneManagement,简称ICZM已成为众多沿海国家的共同选择,各沿海国家纷纷制定了海岸带综合管理计划。海岸带综合管理是一种通过控制开发来保护海岸带资源与环境的特定政府规划SorensenMc-Creary19901,其主要价值乃在于对海陆一体化的认识,即海岸带的海陆相互联…  相似文献   

9.
黄海夏季典型站位的底边界层动物   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
2002年8月25~26日,在黄海夏季冷水团区域内的抛锚站位(35°22′N,121°59′E),使用柱状界面采样器进行了昼夜连续取样,对底边界层动物的种类组成与昼夜丰度变化进行了研究,以获得对黄海底边界层动物的初步认识。共记录底边界层动物21种,隶属18科、19属。超底栖动物和中型浮游动物是黄海夏季底边界层动物的2个重要类群,主要种类有尖额真猛水蚤(Euterpina acutifrons)、挪威小毛猛水蚤(Microsetella norvegica)、异厚盖钩虾(Synchelidium miraculum)、双刺纺缍水蚤(Acartia bifilosa)和小拟哲水蚤(Paracalanus parvus),其丰度皆有明显的昼夜波动现象。以桡足类无节幼体为代表的小型浮游动物也是底边界层动物中不容忽视的类群之一。采集到5个黄海区的新记录物种:美丽猛水蚤(Nitocrasp.)、跛足猛水蚤(Mesochrasp.)、咸水剑水蚤(Halicyclopssp.)、掌刺梭剑水蚤(Lubbockia squillimana)和异厚盖钩虾(Synchelidi-um miraculum),显示出底边界层动物种类组成的特殊性。  相似文献   

10.
Eirik Drift lies on the slope south of Greenland, where it has been formed under the influence of the Western Boundary Undercurrent (WBUC) closely downstream of its origin in the deep-water formation centres of the Nordic Seas. Therefore, the sediment record at Eirik Drift documents modifications in pathways and intensity of the WBUC. These modifications reflect alterations in deep-water formation in the Nordic Seas and are therefore coupled with climate changes. Based on the seismostratigraphic analysis of sedimentary architecture identified in a set of high-resolution seismic reflection data, we have reconstructed the palaeocirculation of the WBUC at Eirik Drift since the early Miocene. We revealed a strong WBUC during warm climate conditions, and in phases of climate cooling with enhanced sea-ice extent we interpreted weak WBUC influence. We suggest a southward shift of the deep-water formation regions along with a shift of the deep current system during the cool phases. This shift implies that the main North Atlantic Deep Water route affected Eirik Drift only during warm phases and that during cool phases weak branches of the circulation system flowed over Eirik Drift.  相似文献   

11.
江苏大丰潮间带粉砂滩的潮流边界层特征   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
对江苏大丰潮间带粉砂滩的潮流观测数据,运用Karman-parndtl模型分析了流速对数剖面的出现频率和边界层参数(摩阻流速与粗糙长度)。结果表明,不同时间尺度(10^1-10^3s)的平均流速对计算u-lnz线性关系出现频率的影响不大,而不同层位组合的影响较为显著,影响流速对数剖面分布的自然因素为波浪、风、潮流旋转、表底层流向差异、滩面坡度和水流加减速等。相邻层位的流速在时间序列上存在很高的线性关系,回归直线的斜率与水层距底床的高度、粗糙长度和摩阻流速有关。涨潮阶段床面粗糙长度大于落潮阶段,涨潮阶段摩阻流速小于落潮阶段。  相似文献   

12.
Calcareous sand, widely spread on coral reefs in Nansha Islands, South China Sea, will be used as backfill material in oceanic engineering, but its engineering property is still elusive. It's difficult and extremely costly to conduct in-situ plate load tests to investigate the bearing capacities of calcareous soils foundation because the coral reefs are too far from the mainland and located in tidal zone. In order to study the bearing capacity and deformation behavior of calcareous soils, the authors designed an apparatus to carry out laboratory tests. The apparatus has the advantages as listed: (1) estimating the bearing capacity and deformation of soil foundation; (2) measuring the soil pressures and settlements at diffirent depths; (3) investigating the load transmission depth. Test results of calcareous sand indicate that the apparatus is suitable to test the engineering behavior of soil in laboratory.  相似文献   

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