地震统计区划分不确定性对场点地震危险性计算的影响

用3个不同的地震统计区划分方案,采用概率地震危险性分析方法,分别计算了研究区地震危险性,并讨论了地震统计区划分方案的不确定性对地震危险性结果的影响．结果表明,地震统计区划分方案的不确定性,对局部场点的地震危险性分析结果的影响是不容忽视的．这些场点通常位于地震统计区边界,以及不同方案震级上限变化大的区域．     

基于地震带细致划分为地震构造区的概率地震危险性分析

在我国当前地震安全性评价中,普遍使用考虑地震活动时空不均匀性的概率地震危险性分析方法(CP-SHA),它规定以地震带为统计区域计算地震活动性参数b值和v4值。正在编制的中国地震动区划图(五代图)提出了针对潜在震源区进行三级划分原则:划分地震带、地震带上划分地震构造区、地震构造区内再划分潜在震源区。本文提出以地震构造区为统计区域回归统计方法计算b值和v4值,然后进行概率危险性分析计算,这样得到的结果可能更为合理。     

Discussion about the relationship between seismic belt and seismic statistical zone

This paper makes a summary of status of delimitation of seismic zones and belts of China firstly in aspects of studying history,purpose,usage,delimiting principles,various presenting forms and main spectialties.Then the viewpoints are emphasized,making geographical divisions by seismicity is just the most important purpose of delimiting seismic belts and the concept of seismic belt is also quite different from that of seismic statistical zone used in CPSHA method.The concept of seismic statistical zone and its history of evolvement are introduced too.Large differences between these two concepts exist separately in their statistical property,actual meaning,gradation,required scale,and property of refusing to overlap each other,aim and usage of delimitation.But in current engineering practice,these two concepts are confused.On the one hand,it causes no fit theory for delimiting seismic statistical zone in PSHA to be set up;on the other hand,researches about delimitation of seismic belts with purposes of seismicity zoning and studying on structural environment,mechanism of earthquake generating also paues to go abead.Major conclusions are given in the end of this paper,that seismic statistical zone bases on the result of seismic belt delimiting,it only arises in and can be used in the especial PSHA method of China with considering spatially and termporally inhomogeneous seismic activities,and its concept should be clearly differentiated from the comcept of seismic belt.     

华南地震区地震带划分的新研究

对华南地区地震带的划分提出了一个新方案。认为北东东向断裂是控制华南地震区地震活动的主要断裂,同时东部有北西向巴士系裂交汇,迭加。     

东南沿海地震带近期地震形势探讨

从地震活跃幕、地震活动相关性和时空强特征演变等多个方面探讨了东南沿海地震带近期的地震形势．认为该带第四个中强地震活跃幕已经在1999年结束,目前正处于第五个平静幕的中期或后期阶段．短时间内发生6级以上地震和5级以上地震丛集活动的可能性较小,未来1-2年内．有发生5级左右地震的危险。     

南北地震带地震活动特点及中期强震危险性研究

本文从区域地震活动分期,强震复发周期、未来强震震级计算、相邻区域活跃期的相关性、强震纬向迁移以及6级以上地震的自律关系等入手,研究了南北地震带各段地震总形势。根据历次强震前中强震活动图象研究得出的北段平静—大震,中段、南段平静—活跃—大震特点,寻找目前北段存在的平静区,中段和南段的背景性空区。结合近二年来存在的背景性地震条带,诱发前震分布及 b 值扫描等结果,判定强震危险区。文中还对各段强震可能发生的危险点提出了初步意见。     

青藏高原北部地区地震统计区划分及地震活动特征

地震统计区的划分是研究地震活动性的重要前提和基础,通过对青藏高原北部地区构造地质背景的分析,依据地球物理特征和强震活动特点,讨论和划分该区地震活动统计区,探讨研究区地震活动的复发特点、地震构造特征、潜在地震危险性及强度,分析研究区未来强震发生的强度和可能地点,结果表明,目前青藏高原北部地区处于第8个活跃期,仍存在发生强震的可能,且未来数年存在发生7级以上地震的可能,应密切东昆仑断裂带东段和祁连山中西段地区。     

巴基斯坦沿海地区地震危险性分析

通过确定性和概率性方法，对发展迅速的巴基斯坦沿海地区进行了地震危险性评估．根据该地区的地震构造和地质条件，确定了5个地震区域的11个断层作为该地区的潜在震源，计算了每个潜在震源的最大可能震级．根据与之相关震源的最大可信震级，计算了7个沿海城市的峰值加速度（PGA）．瓜达尔（Gwadar）和奥尔马腊（Ormara）的峰值加速度分别为0.21和0.25 g，处于地震危险性水平较高的地区；杜尔伯德（Turbat）和卡拉奇（Karachi）位于地震危险性水平较低的地区，峰值加速度小于0.1 g．同时，分别绘制了50年和100年超越概率为10％的PGA区划图，区划图的分区间隔为0.05 g．      

南北地震带地震活动分析

在综合分析有关南北地震带研究成果的基础上重点分析了南北地震带活动特征;根据该带地震活动特点和规律提出了南北地震带目前处于新的活动期;预测了今后发生强震的潜在危险区（段）为南北地震带的中北段。     

欧亚地震带地震活动和中国大陆地震

欧亚地震带及其与中国大陆相邻地域的地震活动和中国大陆地震之间存在有多种相关关系，这些相关关系对预测中国大陆地震活动趋势有一定的作用     

南北带北段磁性构造特征和地震活动的关系

利用航磁资料研究了南北带北段的磁属性构造，反演了该区居里等温面的埋藏深度，推断了不同深度断裂的分布情况，进南昌讨论了地震与深部背景的关系。     

THE ACTIVITY FEATURES OF XIADIAN FAULT ZONE REVEALED BY RONGJIABAO TRENCH AND ITS PROBABILISTIC SEISMIC HAZARD EVALUATION

The time-dependent probabilistic seismic hazard assessment of the active faults based on the quantitative study of seismo-geology has the vital practical significance for the earthquake prevention and disaster management because it describes the seismic risk of active faults by the probability of an earthquake that increases with time and the predicted magnitude. The Poisson model used in the traditional probabilistic method contradicts with the activity characteristics of the fault, so it cannot be used directly to the potential earthquake risk evaluation of the active fault where the time elapsing from the last great earthquake is relatively short. That is to say, the present Poisson model might overestimate the potential earthquake risk of the Xiadian active fault zone in North China because the elapsed time after the historical M8 earthquake that occurred in 1679 is only 341a. Thus, based on paleoearthquake study and geomorphology survey in the field, as well as integrating the data provided by the previous scientists, this paper reveals two paleo-events occurring on the Xiadian active fault zone. The first event E₁ occurred in 1679 with magnitude M8 and ruptured the surface from Sanhe City of Hebei Province to Pinggu District of Beijing at about 341a BP, and the other happened in (4.89±0.68)ka BP(E₂). Our research also found that the average co-seismic displacement is ~(1.4±0.1)m, and the predicted maximum magnitude of the potential earthquake is 8.0. In addition, the probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of great earthquakes for Xiadian active fault zone in the forthcoming 30a is performed based on Poisson model, Brownian time passage model(BPT), stochastic characteristic-slip model(SCS)and NB model to describe time-dependent features of the fault rupture source and its characteristic behavior. The research shows that the probability of strong earthquake in the forthcoming 30a along the Xiadian active fault zone is lower than previously thought, and the seismic hazard level estimated by Poisson model might be overestimated. This result is also helpful for the scientific earthquake potential estimation and earthquake disaster protection of the Xiadian active fault zone, and for the discussion on how to better apply the time-dependent probabilistic methods to the earthquake potential evaluation of active faults in eastern China.     

汾渭地震带地震发生的统计分析

应用极值理论、马尔科夫过程、震级－频度关系等６种方法，分别对汾渭地震带地震发生的规律性进行了讨论，各种方法取得了比较一致的预测效果。经计算得到：汾渭地震带今后５年内，有可能发生Ｍｓ＝５．０级左右的地震，发生Ｍｓ＞５．５级地震的可能性较小；Ｍｓ＝５．０、５．５级地震的复发周期分别为６年和２５年左右；自１３００年以来．其５．０级以上的地震活动存在着２３０±１０年的卓越周期。     

地震统计区活动性参数与潜在震源区划分的关联性及对危险性估计的影响

在考虑地震活动时空不均匀性的非均匀分布模型中, 就地震统计区活动性参数不确定性在某些城镇产生地震动参数不确定性最大变化值异常区的问题, 寻找出在100deg;~120deg;E、 29deg;～42deg;N范围内, 50年不同超越概率水平下地震动参数不确定性最大变化值异常区的分布特征. 探讨了地震统计区活动性参数不确定性引起的场点危险性估计不确定性与潜在震源区划分的关联性以及异常区产生的原因. 研究表明, 在非均匀分布模型中, 地震统计区活动性参数的不确定性对区内各场点危险性估计不确定的影响是不均衡的, 其与潜在震源区划分方案有关, 尤其在8级以上潜在震源区及其附近, 往往会出现地震动参数不确定性最大变化值的异常区. 而在均匀分布模型中, 统计区内活动性参数的不确定性对各场点的影响是均衡的, 各场点危险性估计的不确定性取决于场点的位置. 一般位于统计区中部的场点, 只与所在统计区的参数不确定性有关, 而位于或靠近不同统计区的交界处, 则可能同时受到几个统计区活动性参数不确定性的综合影响.     

上拉秀一小苏莽断裂带新活动特征与地震关系探讨

青海省玉树县上拉秀乡至小苏莽乡曾发生过多次中强地震,由于震级不高、危害不大及条件所限,未能进行详细的野外地质调查,只是初步判断上拉秀-小苏莽断裂带为全新世活动断裂带,为多次中强地震的发震构造。     

Influence of uncertainty in delimitation of seismic statistical zone on results of PSHA

The seismic hazard of research area is evaluated by probabilistic analysis method for three different seismic statistical zone scenarios.The influence of uncertainty in seismic statistical zone delimiting on the evaluation result is discussed too.It can be seen that for those local sites along zone‘s border or within areas with vast change of upper bound magnitude among different scenarios the influence on seismic hazard result should not be neglected.     

环太平洋地震带与柯里奥利力

柯里奥利力是地球自转的一种惯性力，它使垂直下降的物体向东偏转，垂直上升的物体向西偏转，是形成环太平洋地震带中东西两岸构造应力差别的根本原因。