2014年秭归M_S4.5和M_S4.9地震震源与发震构造特征

2014年3月27日和30日湖北秭归县发生了三峡水库蓄水以来该地区最大的2次地震,文中通过多种方法分析了2次地震的震源与发震构造特征。采用Kiwi方法反演2次地震的矩张量解,该方法中使用了湖北和重庆测震台网14个宽频带波形记录和6层地壳速度结构模型,反演结果显示,2次地震观测谱和波形与理论谱和波形拟合得比较好,非拟合误差数0.57,表明反演结果是可靠的。2次地震均为走滑兼少量逆冲错动,但前一地震为左旋走滑,后一地震为右旋走滑,矩张量解中DC成分偏少而ISO成分多可能是库水对地下介质物性影响的反映。同时也使用三峡台网15个子台记录的波形资料,采用双差定位法重新精定位了从3月27日至4月27日时段内超过500次地震序列事件,结果显示余震序列分布方向为NNW向和NE向,但主要集中在NE向,并分别沿NNW和NE向作了深度剖面,剖面显示震源深度为4.5~10.0km,余震在深部呈现2个较明显的断面,与震源机制解NE向节面产状一致。野外现场宏观烈度调查指出,Ⅴ度极震区等震线为一椭圆,长轴NWW向,短轴NE向,结合野外现场考察结果和震源区地质构造背景,综合推断仙女山断裂北端的NE向破裂面为2次地震的发震断面,余震序列的NE和NNW向分布、剖面上发震层的形态和深度特征表明,这次地震活动受到了仙女山断裂和九畹溪断裂活动的控制与影响。     

2013年11月23日莱州4.6级地震序列初步研究

介绍了2013年11月23日山东省莱州市4.6级地震的序列类型、震源机制解、波形特征、双差精定位等情况。该次地震属于典型的前震-主震-余震型,序列主震及其前震和余震的波形近台垂直向初动方向一致,最高波形相似度达到0.7;使用双差方法对序列进行精定位,结果显示ML≥2.0级以上地震大致呈北东向分布;序列发生在NE走向的柞村断裂与莱州断裂附近,主震震源机制解显示为右旋走滑型,节面走向NE,与宏观考察烈度走向一致;平均波速比计算结果显示,主震发生前该地区的介质密度可能存在一定变化。     

首都圈地区的地震活动性与断裂的关系

通过地震学参数研究构造脆性变形的方法 ,着重分析了首都圈地区地震活动的“时、空、强”及其震源机制分布特征与断裂活动的关系 ,展示出该地区断裂活动的定量性规律 ,由此获得了首都圈地区上地壳变形的物理模型。结果表明 :首都圈地区地震活动的“时、空、强”及其震源机制分布特征与断裂活动性质吻合较好 ,NE或NEE向和NWW向 2组断裂构成共轭断裂 ;沿NWW -SEE向的张家口 -渤海湾断裂带两侧形成了燕山块体、晋北块体、太行山块体和冀中块体的基本活动体系 ;在NWW -SEE向串列状的块体边界上形成一定量的NWW向地震活动密集带 ,而在与其共轭的NE或NEE向断裂交汇点附近具有发生中强震级以上地震的构造条件     

1999年山西大同Ms 5.6地震的震源断层

大同震区先后在 1989、1991和 1999年发生MS >5地震 ,利用大同遥测地震台网的记录资料进行比较精确的地震序列震源定位 ,结合宏观烈度分布和震源机制解资料 ,详细地分析对比了 3次子序列的异同。结果显示 ,1999年MS5 .6地震的震源断层是走向NWW、长 16km、宽12km、埋深 5km以下、倾角近直立的左旋走滑断层。而前 2个子序列是NNE为主的右旋走滑断层活动所致 ,表明地震破裂方向发生了变化。这种 2个以上方向先后出现、并且强弱有别的地震破裂是普遍存在的 ,表明震源环境的复杂程度与地震序列的类型有关。虽然震区存在NE向的大王村断裂和NW向的团堡断裂 ,但目前没有证据说明震源断层和 2条构造断层连通。 3次子序列的震源断层都是走滑断层 ,也和 2条构造正断层有别。 1999年的子序列可能属于新破裂。     

ANALYSIS ON THE 2013 BADONG M5.1 EARTHQUAKE SEQUENCE AND THE SEISMOGENIC STRUCTURE

On 16^th September 2013, an M5.1 earthquake occurred in Badong County, Hubei Province, which is the biggest one since the first water impounding in 2003 in the head region of the Three Gorges Reservoir area. The crustal velocity information is needed to determine the earthquake location and focal mechanism. By comparison, the 1-D velocity structure model from Zhao was adopted in this study. Double difference location method was applied to determine the precise locations of the M5.1 earthquake sequence. Relocation results show that the dominant distribution of this sequence is along NEE direction. In order to understand its seismogenic structure, focal depth profiles were made. Profile AA' was along the sequence distribution, and the earthquake sequence extended about 12km. Focal depth of mainshock is deeper than that of aftershocks, and earthquake rupture propagated laterally southwestward. The seismic profile BB' and CC' were perpendicular to profile AA', which represent the dip direction. Both profiles show that the focal depth becomes deeper toward southeast, and dip angle is about 50°. It means that the possible seismogenic fault strikes NEE and dips southeast. Focal mechanism could provide more information for judging the seismogenic structures. Many methods could obtain the focal mechanism, such as P-wave first motion method, CAP method, and some other moment tensor methods. In this paper, moment tensor inversion program made by Yagi Y is adopted. 12 regional seismic stations ranging from 100~400km are picked up, and before the inversion, we removed the mean and trend. The seismic waveforms were band pass filtered between 0.05 and 0.2Hz, and then integrated into displacement. Green's functions were calculated using the discrete wavenumber method developed by Kohketsu. The focal mechanism of the M5.1 mainshock manifests that the NEE-striking fault plane probably is the possible seismogenic fault, which is consistent with the analysis of focal depth profiles. The focal mechanisms of the M_L≥2.0 aftershocks are retrieved by P-wave first motion method, and the nodal plane I is in accordance with the earthquake sequence distribution and the fault plane of the mainshock. FMSI program was adopted to inverse the stress field in the earthquake area, and the results show that the earthquake sequence is under the control of the regional stress field. The earthquake sequence occurred on the stage of slow water unloading, and ETAS model was introduced to testify the influences of water level fluctuations on earthquakes. The results denote that the reservoir played a triggering role in the earthquake, however, the NEE-striking seismogenic fault is the controlling factor.     

STUDY ON SOURCE PARAMETERS OF THE 8 AUGUST 2017 M7.0 JIUZHAIGOU EARTHQUAKE AND ITS AFTERSHOCKS,NORTHERN SICHUAN

On August 8, 2017, a strong earthquake of M7.0 occurred in Jiuzhaigou County, Aba Prefecture, northern Sichuan. The earthquake occurred on a branch fault at the southern end of the eastern section of the East Kunlun fault zone. In the northwest of the aftershock area is the Maqu-Maqin seismic gap, which is in a locking state under high stress. Destructive earthquakes are frequent along the southeast direction of the aftershocks area. In Songpan-Pingwu area, only 50~80km away from the Jiuzhaigou earthquake, two M7.2 earthquakes and one M6.7 earthquake occurred from August 16 to 23, 1976. Therefore, the Jiuzhaigou earthquake was an earthquake that occurred at the transition part between the historical earthquake fracture gap and the neotectonic active area. Compared with other M7.0 earthquakes, there are few moderate-strong aftershocks following this Jiuzhaigou earthquake, and the maximum magnitude of aftershocks is much smaller than the main shock. There is no surface rupture zone discovered corresponding to the M7.0 earthquake. In order to understand the feature of source structure and the tectonic environment of the source region, we calculate the parameters of the initial earthquake catalogue by Loc3D based on the digital waveform data recorded by Sichuan seismic network and seismic phase data collected by the China Earthquake Networks Center. Smaller events in the sequence are relocated using double-difference algorithm; source mechanism solutions and centroid depths of 29 earthquakes with M_L≥3.4 are obtained by CAP method. Moreover, the source spectrum of 186 earthquakes with 2.0≤M_L≤5.5 is restored and the spatial distribution of source stress drop along faults is obtained. According to the relocations and focal mechanism results, the Jiuzhaigou M7.0 earthquake is a high-angle left-lateral strike-slip event. The earthquake sequence mainly extends along the NW-SE direction, with the dominant focal depth of 4~18km. There are few shallow earthquakes and few earthquakes with depth greater than 20km. The relocation results show that the distribution of aftershocks is bounded by the M7.0 main shock, which shows obvious segmental characteristics in space, and the aftershock area is divided into NW segment and SE segment. The NW segment is about 16km long and 12km wide, with scattered and less earthquakes, the dominant focal depth is 4~12km, the source stress drop is large, and the type of focal mechanism is complicated. The SE segment is about 20km long and 8km wide, with concentrated earthquakes, the dominant depth is 4~12km, most moderate-strong earthquakes occurred in the depth between 11~14km. Aftershock activity extends eastward from the start point of the M7.0 main earthquake. The middle-late-stage aftershocks are released intensively on this segment, most of them are strike-slip earthquakes. The stress drop of the aftershock sequence gradually decreases with time. Principal stress axis distribution also shows segmentation characteristics. On the NW segment, the dominant azimuth of P axis is about 91.39°, the average elevation angle is about 20.80°, the dominant azimuth of T axis is NE-SW, and the average elevation angle is about 58.44°. On the SE segment, the dominant azimuth of P axis is about 103.66°, the average elevation angle is about 19.03°, the dominant azimuth of T axis is NNE-SSW, and the average elevation angle is about 15.44°. According to the fault profile inferred from the focal mechanism solution, the main controlling structure in the source area is in NW-SE direction, which may be a concealed fault or the north extension of Huya Fault. The northwest end of the fault is limited to the horsetail structure at the east end of the East Kunlun Fault, and the SE extension requires clear seismic geological evidence. The dip angle of the NW segment of the seismogenic fault is about 65°, which may be a reverse fault striking NNW and dipping NE. According to the basic characteristics of inverse fault ruptures, the rupture often extends short along the strike, the rupture length is often disproportionate to the magnitude of the earthquake, and it is not easy to form a rupture zone on the surface. The dip angle of the SE segment of the seismogenic fault is about 82°, which may be a strike-slip fault that strikes NW and dips SW. The fault plane solution shows significant change on the north and south sides of the main earthquake, and turns gradually from compressional thrust to strike-slip movement, with a certain degree of rotation.     

2022年新疆皮山5级震群活动的复杂性探讨

2022年3月17日新疆皮山发生M_S 5.2地震,时隔83天,于6月8日再次发生M_S 5.0地震,2次地震相距约9 km。M_S 5.2地震前10天,震区出现小震群活动,三十里营房地震台记录到671次前震活动,序列活动表现出震群型特征。利用CAP方法计算皮山M_S 5.2、M_S 5.0地震的震源机制解,显示2次地震破裂类型差异较大,其中M_S 5.2地震为逆冲型,M_S 5.0地震为正断兼走滑型。根据2022年皮山5级震群序列特征及2次主要地震事件破裂方式的差异,结合震中附近构造特征,探讨此次震群活动的构造复杂性,认为皮山震群发生在天神达坂断裂和康西瓦断裂之间的次级断裂上,推测在NS向构造应力作用下,康西瓦断裂南北两侧的左旋滑移量部分被西昆仑前缘的逆冲断裂系所吸收,由于构造方式的差异及应力分配的不均匀,其EW向运动速率在不同区段存在一定差异,在局部地区形成近EW向的差应力,进而产生一些拉张性质的破裂。     

2018年5月松原MS5.7地震序列发震断层及应力场特征

利用双差定位方法对2018年松原M_S5.7地震序列中M_L≥1.0地震重新定位,之后使用CAP方法求解松原M_S5.7地震序列中强地震的震源机制解,再借助MSATSI软件包反演得到松原地区的区域应力场。综合分析以上研究结果得到如下结论:① 松原M_S5.7地震序列发生在NW走向的第二松花江断裂与NE走向的扶余—肇东断裂交会处,将地震精定位结果沿两条断层走向作剖面分析,NW向剖面主轴长度约为5 km,震中分布均匀,NE向剖面主轴长度亦约为5 km,震中呈倾向NE的高倾角分布;② 该序列中的4次M_L≥3.7地震的震源机制解具有良好的一致性:节面Ⅰ走向为NE向,节面Ⅱ走向为NW向,均为高倾角走滑断层。中强地震的震源机制节面解与第二松花江断裂性质基本一致,由此推断第二松花江断裂是本次松原地震的发震断层;③ 松原地区的主压应力方位角为N86°E,倾角为7°,主张应力方位角为N24°E,倾角为71°。松原地区的区域应力场既受到大尺度的板块构造运动的控制,又受到区域构造运动的影响。在太平洋板块对北东亚板块向西俯冲作用下,东北地区产生了近EW向的主压应力,受周边地质构造控制,松辽盆地内NE向断裂与NW向断裂交会处易发生走滑型地震,2018年松原M_S5.7地震正是在这种构造作用控制下发生的中强地震。      

FOCAL FAULTS AND STRESS FIELD CHARACTERISTICS OF M7.0 JIUZHAIGOU EARTHQUAKE SEQUENCE IN 2017

On August 8, 2017, Beijing time, an earthquake of M7.0 occurred in Jiuzhaigou County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province, with the epicenter located at 33.20°N 103.82°E. The earthquake caused 25 people dead, 525 people injured, 6 people missing and 170000 people affected. Many houses were damaged to various degrees. Up to October 15, 2017, a total of 7679 aftershocks were recorded, including 2099 earthquakes of M ≥ 1.0. The M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake occurred in the northeastern boundary belt of the Bayan Har block on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where many active faults are developed, including the Tazhong Fault(the eastern segment of the East Kunlun Fault), the Minjiang fault zone, the Xueshan fault zone, the Huya fault zone, the Wenxian fault zone, the Guanggaishan-Daishan Fault, the Bailongjiang Fault, the Longriuba Fault and the Longmenshan Fault. As one of the important passages for the eastward extrusion movement of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(Tapponnier et al., 2001), the East Kunlun fault zone has a crucial influence on the tectonic activities of the northeastern boundary belt of Bayan Kala. Meanwhile, the Coulomb stress, fault strain and other research results show that the eastern boundary of the Bayan Har block still has a high risk of strong earthquakes in the future. So the study of the M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake' seismogenic faults and stress fields is of great significance for scientific understanding of the seismogenic environment and geodynamics of the eastern boundary of Bayan Har block. In this paper, the epicenter of the main shock and its aftershocks were relocated by the double-difference relocation method and the spatial distribution of the aftershock sequence was obtained. Then we determined the focal mechanism solutions of 24 aftershocks(M ≥ 3.0)by using the CAP algorithm with the waveform records of China Digital Seismic Network. After that, we applied the sliding fitting algorithm to invert the stress field of the earthquake area based on the previous results of the mechanism solutions. Combining with the previous research results of seismogeology in this area, we discussed the seismogenic fault structure and dynamic characteristics of the M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake. Our research results indicated that:1)The epicenters of the M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake sequence distribute along NW-SE in a stripe pattern with a long axis of about 35km and a short axis of about 8km, and with high inclination and dipping to the southwest, the focal depths are mainly concentrated in the range of 2~25km, gradually deepening from northwest to southeast along the fault, but the dip angle does not change remarkably on the whole fault. 2)The focal mechanism solution of the M7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake is:strike 151°, dip 69° and rake 12° for nodal plane Ⅰ, and 245°, 78° and -158° for nodal plane Ⅱ, the main shock type is pure strike-slip and the centroid depth of the earthquake is about 5km. Most of the focal mechanism of the aftershock sequence is strike-slip type, which is consistent with the main shock's focal mechanism solution; 3)In the earthquake source area, the principal compressive stress and the principal tensile stress are both near horizontal, and the principal compressive stress is near east-west direction, while the principal tensile stress is near north-south direction. The Jiuzhaigou earthquake is a strike-slip event that occurs under the horizontal compressive stress.     

伽师序列中小地震震源机制分析

采用点源位错模型,层状介质速度结构,通过计算理论地震图,与观测的地震垂直向记录的直达P、S波最大振幅拟合,反演震源机制的方法。系统查阅了万余张地震记录图件,得到可信的小地震震源机制共计554个。有震源机制的地震完全覆盖了序列的震区范围,时间上也分布于序列的各个阶段,因此认为这些小地震对于地震序列具有一定的代表性。计算2个震源机制的2个P轴在三维空间中的夹角和2个T轴之间的夹角,再以2个夹角之和作为距离,采用系统聚类的方法对大量地震震源机制解进行分类。取和主体破裂方向(NE)一致的两类正断层地震,求其占全部类型的地震数目的比例,用来刻画应力场的变动情况。对照伽师序列的6级强震,两类正断层地震出现3次显著的增加。3组强震都在其后发生,这就给出了确切的前兆信息。小地震震源机制显示出的变化,表明它们对于强震孕育发生非常灵敏。文章最后提出伽师强震序列的块体旋转成因模型。     

新疆及周缘构造破裂特征及地震序列类型

横亘新疆境内的天山及其周边的西昆仑、阿尔金和阿尔泰是中国大陆著名的强构造运动区和地震活动带。在对新疆构造区应力环境、动力过程、断层运动变形特征和地震序列分析讨论的基础上,对新疆及其周缘主要构造区地震破裂方式和序列类型进行研究,得出如下结论:(1)西昆仑构造区受来自青藏块体和塔里木块体NS和NW向水平压应力和垂向力的作用,构造运动呈现出走滑与逆冲特征,震源破裂以走滑型为主,数量较少的逆断型地震主要分布在西昆仑帕米尔一侧的深震挤压区,正断型地震主要出现在西昆仑与阿尔金交汇的拉张盆地及附近。该区主余型地震占63%,6级以上地震序列也存在多震类型。(2)阿尔金断裂带位于西昆仑北缘断裂和北祁连断裂过渡带,受青藏块体向北和向西的推挤,断裂本身的左旋位移量通过两端逆冲挤压而转化,使得青藏高原北边界不断向外扩展。在此力源下,阿尔金断裂带震源破裂以走滑为主,也有少量的逆冲型地震。地震序列中主余型和孤立型地震占比相同(占44%)。(3)在印度板块和亚欧大陆碰撞效应影响下,天山地区产生近NNE向水平压应力,构造运动显现出带旋性特征的逆冲和走滑,震源破裂方式与之相吻合。而天山构造大跨度的空间展布、扩展形式的多样性和地震破裂的两重性,又影响到地震序列类型的多样性,使得主余型、孤立型和多震型地震在不同构造部位呈现优势分布。(4)阿尔泰的构造运动可能受到了来自印度板块与亚欧板块碰撞的远程效应和西伯利亚块体南向运动的双向影响,形成NNE和SW向水平挤压力,主要大型发震断裂做右旋剪扭错动,而一些深断裂则以逆冲运动为主。震源破裂呈现出走滑(占64%)和部分的逆冲(占27%),6级以上地震序列主要为主余型,5级左右地震则多为孤立型。     

南北地震带中段及周边中强地震序列类型的特征

文中根据南北地震带中段及附近区域1973年以来86次5.0级以上的地震序列统计结果,对地震序列类型和空间分布进行分析,结果表明:1)研究区域内的地震序列以主余型为主(51%),多震型次之(29%),孤立型最少(20%);同一序列类型中,随着地震震级增大,主余型地震所占的比例增加,多震型、孤立型逐渐减少,7.0级以上地震以主余型为主,无孤立型地震;对于不同破裂类型,逆冲型地震中主余型最多,多震型地震更可能为走滑和正断性质的地震。2)主余型和多震型地震序列的主震与最大余震震级的线性关系相对较好;绝大多数地震的最大余震多发生在震后20d内,主余型最大余震集中在震后3d内发生,多震型地震中次大地震集中在震后12d内发生,孤立型地震的最大余震多发生在地震当天。3)地震序列空间分布显示,主余型地震分布相对较广,多震型地震主要集中在川西巴塘—理塘、川东马边—昭通一带、川北松潘和滇西北云龙、姚安、龙陵及附近区域,甘孜-玉树断裂带、鲜水河断裂带NW段及四川盆地等地更易发生孤立型地震。4)地震序列类型的空间分布可能与本区域的地质构造和历史地震活动存在一定的关系。     

河北永清MW4.3地震序列双差定位分析

使用双差定位法对2018年2月12日永清MW 4.3地震及其余震序列进行重新定位,共得到38个重新定位结果.结果显示:①余震序列分布更加集中,地震序列震中呈NE向分布,与河西务断裂带走向基本一致;②地震序列的震源深度主要为20—25 km,北东侧震源较浅,南西侧震源较深,主震位于地震剖面下部,此次地震引起的破裂可能为由深部到浅部.     

STUDY ON THE SEISMOGENIC FAULT AND DYNAMICS PARAME-TERS OF THE 2014 MS6.6 JINGGU EARTHQUAKE IN YUNNAN

On October 17, 2014, a M_S6.6 earthquake occurred in Jinggu, Yunnan. The epicenter was located in the western branch of Wuliang Mountain, the northwest extension line of Puwen Fault. There are 2 faults in the surrounding area, one is a sinistral strike-slip and the other is the dextral. Two faults have mutual intersection with conjugate joints property to form a checkerboard faulting structure. The structure of the area of the focal region is complex. The present-day tectonic movement is strong, and the aftershock distribution indicates the faulting surface trending NNW. There is no obvious surface rupture related to the known fault in the epicenter, and there is a certain distance from the surface of the Puwen fault zone. Regional seismic activity is strong. In 1941, there were two over magnitude 7.0 earthquakes in the south of the epicenter of Jinggu County and Mengzhe Town. In 1988, two mainshock-aftershock type earthquakes occurred in Canglan-Gengma Counties, the principal stress axes of the whole seismic area is in the direction of NNE. Geological method can be adopted to clarify the distribution of surficial fracture caused by active faults, and high-precision seismic positioning and spatial distribution characteristics of seismic sequences can contribute to understand deep seismogenic faults and geometric features. Thus, we can better analyze the three-dimensional spatial distribution characteristics of seismotectonics and the deep and shallow tectonic relationship. The focal mechanism reveals the property and faulting process to a certain extent, which can help us understand not only the active property of faults, but also the important basis for deep tectonic stress and seismogenic mechanism. In order to study the fault characteristic of the Jinggu earthquake, the stress field characteristics of the source area and the geometric parameters of the fault plane, this paper firstly uses the 15 days aftershock data of the Jingsuo M_S6.6 earthquake, to precisely locate the main shock and aftershock sequences using double-difference location method. The results show that the aftershock sequences have clustering characteristics along the NW direction, with a depth mainly of 5~15km. Based on the precise location, calculations are made to the focal mechanisms of a total of 46 earthquakes including the main shock and aftershocks with M_L ≥ 3.0 of the Jinggu earthquake. The double-couple(DC)component of the focal mechanism of the main shock shows that nodal plane Ⅰ:The strike is 239°, the dip 81°, and the rake -22°; nodal plane Ⅱ, the strike is 333°, the dip 68°, and the rake -170.31°. According to focal mechanism solutions, there are 42 earthquakes with a focal mechanism of strike-slip type, accounting for 91.3%. According to the distribution of the aftershock sequence, it can be inferred that the nodal plane Ⅱ is the seismogenic fault. The obtained focal mechanism is used to invert the stress field in the source region. The distribution of horizontal maximum principal stress orienation is concentrated. The main features of the regional tectonic stress field are under the NNE-SSW compression(P axis)and the NW-SE extension(T axis)and are also affected by NNW direction stress fields in the central region of Yunnan, which indicates that Jinggu earthquake fault, like Gengma earthquake, is a new NW-trending fault which is under domination of large-scale tectonic stress and effected by local tectonic stress environment. In order to define more accurately the occurrence of the fault plane of the Jinggu earthquake, with the precise location results and the stress field in the source region, the global optimal solution of the fault plane parameters and its error are obtained by using both global searching simulated annealing algorithm and local searching Gauss-Newton method. Since the parameters of the fault plane fitting process use the stress parameters obtained by the focal mechanism inversion, the data obtained by the fault plane fitting is more representative of the rupture plane, that is, the strike 332.75°, the dip 89.53°, and the rake -167.12°. The buried depth of the rupture plane is 2.746km, indicating that the source fault has not cut through the surface. Based on the stress field characteristics and the inversion results of the fault plane, it is preliminarily believed that the seismogenic structure of the Jinggu earthquake is a newly generated nearly vertical right-lateral strike-slip fault with normal component. The rupture plane length is about 17.2km, which does not extend to the Puwen fault zone. Jinggu earthquake occurred in Simao-Puer seismic region in the south of Sichuan-Yunnan plate. Its focal mechanism solution is similar to that of the three sub-events of the Gengma earthquake in November 1988. The seismogenic structure of both of them is NW-trending and the principal stress is NE-SW. The rupture plane of the Jinggu main shock(NW direction)is significantly different from the known near NS direction Lancang Fault and the near NE direction Jinggu Fault in the study area. It is preliminarily inferred that the seismogenic structure of this earthquake has a neogenetic feature.     

张北6.2级地震的孕育过程和前兆特征研究

张北地震发生在通常认为稳定的、浅部构造不明显,历史上地震活动微弱的地区,但是根据小震活动条带推测可能在一条ＮＷ走向的深部断裂。张北地震的孕育可能与区域断层的长期活动,中小地震持续活跃以及外围强震的增震作用有关。震前存在地震活动空段、４级地震条带、区域小震群活跃以及平静－收缩－信号震－外围活动增强等特征。有比较丰富的中长趋势异常,持续时间长达３年以上,而短临异常并不突出。对张北地震异常进行信度综合分     

2015年11月22日广东徐闻M_L 4.2地震震源机制解及精定位分析

基于海南地震台网数字波形资料,采用CAP方法对2015年11月22日广东徐闻M_L 4.2地震反演震源机制解,计算得出节面Ⅰ参数:走向110°,倾角84°,滑动角-158°;节面Ⅱ参数:走向18°,倾角69°,滑动角-5°。推断为1次走滑为主兼有正断性质的破裂,与铺前—清澜断裂属于走滑正断的运动特征较为吻合。对2000年1月—2016年6月主震周边地区(19.3°—20.6°N,110.0°—111.0°E)M_L1.0以上183次地震进行双差精定位分析,得到146次地震的重定位结果。结果显示:震源深度分布不再仅局限于10 km附近,而是呈垂直带状分布,与雷琼地区新构造运动主要以垂直差异性活动为主的活动特征相吻合。     

The seismicity and tectonic stress field characteristics of the Longmenshan fault zone before the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake

The seismicity of Longmenshan fault zone and its vicinities before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan M_S8.0 earthquake is studied. Based on the digital seismic waveform data observed from regional seismic networks and mobile stations, the focal mechanism solutions are determined. Our analysis results show that the seismicities of Longmenshan fault zone before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake were in stable state. No obvious phenomena of seismic activity intensifying appeared. According to focal mechanism solutions of some small earthquakes before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, the direction of principal compressive stress P-axis is WNW-ESE. The two hypocenter fault planes are NE-striking and NW-striking. The plane of NE direction is among N50°?70°E, the dip angles of fault planes are 60°?70° and it is very steep. The faultings of most earthquakes are dominantly characterized by dip-slip reverse and small part of faultings present strike-slip. The azimuths of principal compressive stress, the strikes of source fault planes and the dislocation types calculated from some small earthquakes before the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake are in accordance with that of the main shock. The average stress field of micro-rupture along the Longmenshan fault zone before the great earthquake is also consistent with that calculated from main shock. Zipingpu dam is located in the east side 20 km from the initial rupture area of the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The activity increment of small earthquakes in the Zipingpu dam is in the period of water discharging. The source parameter results of the small earthquakes which occurred near the initial rupture area of the 12 May 2008 Wenchuan earthquake indicate that the focal depths are 5 to 14 km and the source parameters are identical with that of earthquake.     

丁青地区地震重定位、震源机制及其发震构造初步分析

文中利用青海省地震台网的宽频带数字记录,通过CAP反演等方法获取了西藏丁青8次MS≥3.0地震的震源机制解(1次地震的震源机制解来自USGS).结果显示,7次地震以正断破裂为主,兼具少量右旋走滑分量,断层优势走向为NNE,P轴的优势方位为SWW,T轴的优势方位为SEE.同时,利用双差相对定位法获得了217个地震的重定位...     

2021年青海玛多MS7.4地震序列精定位与震源机制研究

利用双差定位法对2021年5月22日玛多M_S7.4地震序列中1 434个地震进行重新定位,使用TDMT矩张量反演方法求解玛多地震序列M≥4.5地震的震源机制解,综合分析得到如下结论:(1)玛多地震序列震中整体走向为NWW-SEE向,与昆仑山口—江错断裂展布方向相吻合,序列总长度170 km,呈NWW向和SEE向双侧破裂,主震西北侧存在NW向条带,可能是此次地震的分支断裂活动,在南东侧存在余震稀疏段以及横穿玛多—甘德断裂的余震分布带,推测可能是地下速度结构差异所致;(2)主震附近地震序列以左旋走滑型地震为主,优势走向为NWW向,倾向NE,倾角较高,与昆仑山口—江错断裂性质基本一致,结合余震定位结果推断昆仑山口—江错断裂为本次地震的发震断层;(3)主震附近地震序列P轴平均方位角为237°,P轴,T轴平均倾角分别为15°、16°,N轴平均倾角为65°,结合研究区构造特征推断,本次地震是由NEE-SWW向水平挤压应力推动NWW-SEE向断裂发生左旋走滑错动所致。     

SEISMOGENIC STRUCTURE OF THE M4.9 AND M5.1 LITANG EARTHQUAKES ON 23 SEPTEMBER 2016 IN SOUTHWESTERN CHINA

On 23 September 2016, two earthquakes with magnitude of M4.9 and M5.1 occurred successively near Litang city in Sichuan Province, southwestern China. These two events are located between two large-scale fault zones, i.e., the Jinshajiang and Litang faults, in the northwest of the Sichuan-Yuannan active block, eastern Tibetan plateau. Based on the phase data and waveform data from the Sichuan regional seismic network, the M4.9 and M5.0 mainshocks and 390 aftershocks have been relocated using the multi-step locating method, and the focal mechanism solutions and centroid depths for the two mainshocks were calculated by the CAP waveform inversion method. From the spatial distribution of the relocated aftershocks and fault plane solutions of the two mainshocks, combining with the seismic intensity map and tectonic setting, we suggested that the two earthquakes were generated by the E-W trending northward dipping Hagala fault. The nodal plane consistent with the strike and dip of the Hagala fault is interpreted as the coseismic rupture plane with a dip angle of 44° for both the M4.9 and M5.1 earthquakes. And we inferred that the M4.9 and M5.1 earthquakes may be resulted from the nearly E-W striking Hagala normal faulting in the upper crust between the Litang and Batang regions due to the continuous eastward extrusion of the material of the Qiangtang block in the west.