华南新元古代裂谷盆地演化——Rodinia超大陆解体的前奏

沉积学研究表明，华南新元古代沉积盆地具典型裂谷盆地沉积演化特征。代表裂谷盆地早期形成阶段的成因相组合有：冲洪积相组合、陆相（或海相）火山岩及火山碎屑岩相组合、滨浅海相沉积组合、淹没碳酸盐台地及欠补偿盆地黑色页岩相组合；而代表中、后期形成阶段的成因相组合有：滨岸边缘相至深海相组合，冰期冰积岩相组合、碳酸盐岩及碳硅质细碎岩相组合。华南裂谷盆地岩相古地理演化经历了5个重要的时期，整体上反映了一个由陆变海、由地堑－地垒相间盆地变广海盆地、由浅海变深海、盆地上小变大的演化过程。裂谷盆地的形成经历了裂谷基的形成、地幔柱作用与裂谷体的形成，被动沉降（下坳）与裂谷盖的形成三个阶段。华南裂谷盆地的形成演化与Rodinia超大陆在新元古代时期的裂解作用密切相关，它是超大陆解体过程的一个重要组成部分。     

桂北地区丹洲群锆石U-Pb年代学及对华南新元古代裂谷作用期次的启示

桂北地区丹洲群是南华裂谷盆地南段的一套连续裂谷充填沉积,厘定各组沉积时限及区域地层关系,对理解华南新元古代裂谷作用期次具有重要意义。本文利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测年,获得丹洲群合桐组二段和拱洞组底部凝灰岩夹层形成年龄分别为801±4 Ma和781±5 Ma。研究表明,丹洲群白竹组和合桐组一段与下江群甲路组和乌叶组、板溪群沧水铺组和马底驿组、西乡群孙家河组及陆良组一段相当,沉积时限为820~800 Ma;合桐组二段与下江群番召组相当,沉积时限为800~780 Ma;拱洞组可与下江群清水江组、平略组和隆里组,板溪群五强溪组中上部和牛牯坪组,西乡群大石沟组中上部和三郎铺组,陆良组二段及澄江组、开建桥组、莲沱组、虹赤村组和上墅组的中上部直接对比,沉积时限为780~725 Ma。华南新元古代裂谷盆地系统的典型地层锆石年龄存在5组高峰,峰值年龄分别为818±2 Ma、802±1 Ma、780±4 Ma、756±4 Ma及728±5 Ma。综合华南新元古代岩浆活动特征及盆地沉积演化过程,确定华南新元古代裂谷作用可分为两期:820~800 Ma和800~725 Ma。此外,华南新元古代岩浆活动与裂谷作用之间存在明显的耦合关系,但各期岩浆活动对各裂谷盆地的影响程度存在差异。     

扬子北缘西乡群大石沟组和三郎铺组凝灰岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

对采自扬子北缘西乡群大石沟组和三郎铺组的凝灰岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年。结果表明,大石沟组和三郎铺组的凝灰岩年龄分别为（789.0±4.4） Ma（MSWD=0.66）和（760.4±4.5） Ma（MSWD=0.43）。根据已有的资料分析,西乡群的底界年龄约为820 Ma,区域上大体可与板溪群及其相当地层进行对比,为华南新元古代裂谷盆地的早期充填,其与下伏三花石群分别代表了上下2个不同的构造-沉积旋回。结合前人研究结果,华南新元古代的岩浆活动初步显示有三幕的特征,它们的峰值年龄分别约为825 Ma、795 Ma和760 Ma,其中以前两期最为明显,分别标志着裂谷盆地的开启和全面打开。笔者报道的大石沟组和三郎铺组凝灰岩分别代表了795 Ma和760 Ma两期幕式岩浆活动,它们不仅是华南新元古代幕式岩浆活动的一部分,也与华南新元古代裂谷盆地的形成密切相关,具有不可忽视的地质意义。     

Geochemistry of Basic Dykes in Wudang Block and Its Tectonic Significance

Geochemical characteristics of the Neoproterozoic basic dykes widely exposed in the Wudang block of South Qinling show that the dykes possess the characteristics of continental tholeiitic basalts and were formed in a setting of continental rifting.Therefore,there was an ancient continental block in the areas of southern Qinling and Yangtze block during the Jinning period,and an important firting event of this ancient block occurred in the Early Neoproterozoic.     

华北克拉通南缘中—新元古界沉积充填特征及演化

华北克拉通南缘中—新元古代地层广泛发育、出露较好。以华北克拉通南缘熊耳裂陷槽中—新元古代地层为研究对象,在总结对比前人研究成果的基础上,以4条典型基干剖面实测、3条重点辅助剖面观察与描述,从岩石颜色、岩石组合类型、岩石结构、沉积构造等众多方面,对华北克拉通南缘中—新元古界的沉积相类型、特征、展布规律以及沉积充填序列进行了深入分析。结果表明:1）研究区中—新元古界发育障壁型海岸相、无障壁型海岸相、浅海陆棚相、碳酸盐岩台地相、扇三角洲相及冰川相6种沉积相、10种亚相及15种微相;并详细阐述了各种相、亚相以及微相的沉积特征;2）明确了研究区中—新元古代在不同地质时期发育的主要沉积相类型及特征;3）深入探讨了研究区中—新元古界的沉积充填特征,并将其划分出大陆裂谷早期沉积（熊耳群）、大陆裂谷晚期沉积（小沟背组—云梦山组）、中元古代被动大陆边缘沉积（白草坪组—黄连垛组）和新元古代被动大陆边缘沉积（董家组—东坡组）等4个沉积充填序列。     

A Rifting Story of South China, With Particular Reference to Rodinia Breakup

A RIFTING STORY OF SOUTH CHINA, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO RODINIA BREAKUP     

Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic transition: Geochemistry, provenance and tectonic setting of clastic sedimentary rocks on the SE margin of the Yangtze Block, South China

The SE margin of the Yangtze Block, South China is composed of the Mesoproterozoic Lengjiaxi Group and the Neoproterozoic Banxi Group, with Sinian- and post-Sinian-cover. A geochemical study was undertaken on the Mesoproterozoic–Neoproterozoic clastic sediments in order to delineate the characteristics of the sediment source and to constrain the tectonic development and crustal evolution of South China.Our results show that the Mesoproterozoic clastic sediments have a dominant component derived from a metavolcanic-plutonic terrane, with a large of mafic component. There is a minor contribution of mafic rocks and older upper crustal rocks to the provenance. Strong chemical weathering in the source area occurred before transport and deposition. The provenance for the Neoproterozoic clastic sediments was most likely old upper continental crust composed of tonalite–granodiorite-dominated, tonalite–granodiorite–granite source rocks, which had undergone strong weathering and/or recycling. A minor component of older K-rich granitic plutonic rocks and younger volcanogenic bimodal rocks is also indicated.Based on the regional geology, the geochemical data and the inferred provenance, the Mesoproterozoic Group is interpreted as a successive sedimentary sequence, deposited in an extensional/rifting back-arc basin, adjacent to a >1.80 Ga continental margin arc-terrane. The progressive extension/rifting of the back-arc basin was followed by increasing subsidence and regional uplift during continental marginal arc-continent (the Cathaysian Block) collision at 1.0 Ga caused the deposition of the Neoproterozoic Group into back-arc to retro-arc foreland basin. Therefore, the depositional setting of the Proterozoic clastic sediments and associated volcanic rocks within the back-arc basin reflected basin development from an active continental margin (back-arc basin), with extension or rifting of the back-arc basin, to a passive continental margin.     

Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic rifting and its dynamic setting in Eastern China and adjacent areas

During the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic, extension was widespread in Eastern China and adjacent areas. The first rifting stage spanned in the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous times and covered an area of more than 2 million km² of NE Asia from the Lake Baikal to the Sikhot-Alin in EW direction and from the Mongol–Okhotsk fold belt to North China in NS direction. This rifting was characterized by intracontinental rifts, volcanic eruptions and transform extension along large-scale strike–slip faults. Based on the magmatic activity, filling sequence of basins, tectonic framework and subsidence analysis of basins, the evolution of this area can be divided into three main developmental phases. The first phase, calc-alkaline volcanics erupted intensely along NNE-trending faults, forming Daxing'anling volcanic belt, NE China. The second phase, Basin and Range type fault basin system bearing coal and oil developed in NE Asia. During the third phase, which was marked by the change from synrifting to thermal subsidence, very thick postrift deposits developed in the Songliao basin (the largest oil basin in NE China).Following uplift and denudation, caused by compressional tectonism in the near end of Cretaceous, a Paleogene rifting stage produced widespread continental rift systems and continental margin basins in Eastern China. These rifted basins were usually filled with several kilometers of alluvial and lacustrine deposits and contain a large amount of fossil fuel resources. Integrated research in most of these rifting basins has shown that the basins are characterized by rapid subsidence, relative high paleo-geothermal history and thinned crust. It is now accepted that the formation of most of these basins was related to a lithospheric extensional regime or dextral transtensional regime. During Neogene time, early Tertiary basins in Eastern China entered a postrifting phase, forming regional downwarping. Basin fills formed in a thermal subsidence period onlapped the fault basin margins and were deposited in a broad downwarped lacustrine depression. At the same time, within plate rifting of the Lake Baikal and Shanxi graben climaxed and spreading of the Japan Sea and South China Sea occurred. Quaternary rifting was marked by basalt eruption and accelerated subsidence in the area of Tertiary rifting. The Okinawa Trough is an active rift involving back-arc extension.Continental rifting and marginal sea opening were clearly developed in various kind of tectonic settings. Three rifting styles, intracontinental rifting within fold belt, intracontinental rifting within craton and continental marginal rifting and spreading, are distinguished on the basis of nature of the basin basement, tectonic location of rifting and relations to large strike–slip faults.Changes of convergence rates of India–Eurasia and Pacific–Eurasia may have caused NW–SE-trending extensional stress field dominating the rifting. Asthenospheric upwelling may have well assisted the rifting process. In this paper, a combination model of interactions between plates and deep process of lithosphere has been proposed to explain the rifting process in East China and adjacent areas.The research on the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic extensional tectonics of East China and adjacent areas is important because of its utility as an indicator of the dynamic setting and deformational mechanisms involved in stretching Lithosphere. The research also benefits the exploration and development of mineral and energy resources in this area.     

北秦岭元古代构造格架与演化

秦岭造山带是经历了多阶段的多陆块长期裂解、拼合的复合型造山带。最新的地质、地球化学和同位素年代学综合研究共同揭示沿商丹带分布有中新元古代蛇绿岩,并伴生有与板块俯冲碰撞作用相关的弧后盆地、岩浆弧、高压变质作用,表明北秦岭于中元古代末—新元古代初曾发展成为类似于现代板块构造体制的活动大陆边缘,出现板块向北俯冲消减、弧后盆地的生成和蛇绿岩构造侵位及其后的碰撞造山作用。     

Tracking the birth and growth of Cimmeria: Geochronology and origins of intrusive rocks from NW Iran

New geochronological and geochemical data for Late Neoproterozoic to Mesozoic intrusive rocks from NW Iran define major regional magmatic episodes and track the birth and growth of one of the Cimmerian microcontinents: the Persian block.After the final accretion of the Gondwanan terranes, the subduction of the Prototethyan Ocean beneath NW Gondwana during the Late Neoproterozoic was the trigger for high magmatic fluxes and the emplacement of isotopically diverse arc-related intrusions in NW Gondwana. The Late Neoproterozoic rocks of NW Iran belong to this magmatic event which includes intrusions with highly variable εHf(t) values. This magmatism continued until a magmatic lull during the Ordovician, which led to the erosion of the Neoproterozoic arc, and then was followed by a rifting event which controlled the opening of Paleotethys. In addition, it is supposed that a prolonged pulse of rift magmatism in Persia lasted from Devonian-Carboniferous to Early Permian time. These magmatic events are geographically restricted and are mostly recorded from NW Iran, although there is some evidence for these magmatic events in other segments of Iran. The Jurassic rocks of NW Iran are interpreted to be the along-strike equivalents of a Mesozoic magmatic belt (the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone; SaSZ) toward the NW. Magmatic rocks from the SaSZ show pulsed magmatism, with high-flux events at both ~176–160 Ma and ~130 Ma. The SaSZ magmatic rocks are suggested to be formed along a continental arc but a rift setting is also considered for the formation of the SaSZ rocks based on the plume-related geochemical signatures. The arc signatures are represented by Nb-Ta depletion in the highly contaminated (by upper continental crust) plutonic rocks whereas the plume-related signature of less-contaminated melts is manifested by enrichment in Nb-Ta and high εHf(t) values, with peaks at +0.6 and +11.2. All these magmatic pulses led to pre-Cimmerian continental growth and reworking during the Late Neoproterozoic, rifting and detachment of the Cimmerian blocks from Gondwana in Mid-Late Paleozoic time and further crustal growth and reworking of Cimmeria during the Mesozoic.     

琼东南盆地断陷期层序地层模式

琼东南盆地断陷期指示了从陆相向滨海环境演化的完整序列,因而断陷期层序的形成和演化既受幕式裂陷作用控制,又受区域海平面变化的影响。盆地断陷期代表一个巨层序(或构造层序),由3个层序组和6个层序组成,其中层序组分别对应于断陷期3次构造幕,层序则与全球三级海甲面旋回吻合。层序内部体系域特征与幕式构造作用的演化阶段有关,根据沉积环境差异可以划分为冲积平原型和滨海湖盆型两种层序模式。在裂陷作用阶段,幕式构造作用是断陷盆地内层序形成和演化的主导因素,区域海平面变化仅相对加强或减弱构造作用的影响;而在裂后热沉降作用阶段,随着构造沉降作用减弱,海平面变化影响更显著,其层序样式与陆表海环境的层序相似。     

Mid-Late Neoproterozoic China： Geological records Rodinia rift-related volcanic rocks in of rifting and break-up of

Early Cambrian and Mid-Late Neoproterozoic volcanic rocks in China are widespread on several Precambrian continental blocks,which had aggregated to form part of the Rodinia supercontinent by ca.900 Ma.On the basis of petrogeochemical data,the basic lavas can be classified into two major magma types:HT(Ti/Y>500) and LT(Ti/Y<500) that can be further divided into HT1 (Nb/La>0.85) and HT2(Nb/La≤0.85),and LT1(Nb/La>0.85) and LT2(Nb/La≤0.85) subtypes, respectively.The geochemical variation of the HT2 and LT2 lavas can be accounted for by lithospheric contamination of asthenosphere-(or plume-) derived magmas,whereas the parental magmas of the HT1 and LT1 lavas did not undergo,during their ascent,pronounced lithospheric contamination.These volcanics exhibit at least three characteristics:(1) most have a compositional bimodality;(2) they were formed in an intracontinental rift setting;and(3) they are genetically linked with mantle plumes or a mantle surperplume.This rift-related volcanism at end of the MidNeoproterozoic and Early Cambrian coincided temporally with the separation between AustraliaEast Antarctica,South China and Laurentia and between Australia and Tarim,respectively. The Mid—Late Neoproterozoic volcanism in China is the geologic record of the rifting and break-up of the supercontinent Rodinia.     

Neoproterozoic Tectonic Setting of Southeast China: New Constraints from SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon Ages and Petrographic Studies on the Mamianshan Group

<正>Precambrian tectonic history of Zhejiang,Fujian,and Jiangxi provinces of south China is important for understanding the tectonic evolution of South China but its magmatic activity, petrogenesis,stratigraphic sequence of the Mamianshan Group is still strongly controversial.Here we present new sensitive high resolution ion micro-probe(SHRIMP) U-Pb zircon geochronological data for the Mamianshan Group and petrographical data to constrain the tectonic framework of the regions.Our results showed that the SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age of green schists of the Dongyan Formation is 796.5±9.3 Ma,the Daling Formation is 756.2±7.2 Ma,and mica-quartz schist of the Longbeixi Formation is 825.5±9.8 Ma.These data indicate that the Mamianshan Group was formed not in the Mesoproterozoic,but in the Neoproterozoic and its stratigraphic sequences should be composed of Longbeixi,Dongyan,and Daling Formations from the bottom to the top.Rocks from this Group, from Zhejiang,Fujian and Jiangxi provinces,constituted the upper basement of the Cathaysia Block that overlay the lower basement of the Mayuan Group.Detailed petrographic studies demonstrate that the amphibole schists of the Dongyan Formation in the Mamianshan Group were formed within an intra-arc rift setting rather than a continental rift as previously suggested.Rather,this island-arc type formation was developed by collision and/or subduction between various blocks resulting from the breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia at c.850-750 Ma.The Zhuzhou conglomerate,distributed near Dikou Town,Jian'ou City,Fujian Province and previously considered as evidence of the Mesoproterozoic Dikou movement,is shown here not to be the basal conglomerate above the angular unconformity between the upper and lower basements.Our conclusions have important implications for understanding the Precambrian tectonics of South China.     

关于建立“板溪系”的建议及其基础的讨论——以黔东地区为例

作者在分析黔东新元古代早期沉积时限的基础上,结合前人关于Sturtian冰期、南华系底界、青白口系年代学的最新研究成果,指出华南新元古代裂谷盆地早期沉积(板溪群或与之相当的高涧群、芙蓉溪群、丹洲群、下江群、登山群、历口群等)时限为740～820Ma,是南华纪冰期前的非冰成沉积,是Rodinia裂解机制下的填平补齐沉积;而青白口系沉积可能是与Rodinia形成相关的板块碰撞机制下坳陷盆地沉积,南华系是与国际成冰系相对应的冰期沉积,是华南新元古代裂谷盆地的第一个盖层,因此,将板溪群、下江群等归入南华系或青白口系均不合理。由此提出了"板溪系"概念,它包括板溪群或与之相当的一套楔状地层。结合目前华南裂谷盆地开启年龄和南华纪冰期的起始年龄,板溪纪的时限暂定为850～740Ma。板溪系的提出不仅将有利于解决长期存在的南华系划分对比问题,同时也必将有利于新元古代裂谷盆地早期演化及其与Rodinia超大陆裂解、冰期形成等关系的研究和相关重大气候、环境巨变问题的探讨。     

Provenance and tectonic setting transition as recorded in the Neoproterozoic strata,western Jiangnan Orogen:Implications for South China within Rodinia

The Neoproterozoic Tonian strata(ca.870-725 Ma)in the western Jiangnan Orogen archive the records of sedimentary provenance and tectonic setting which can be used to understand the geological evolution of the South China Continent.These strata are separated into the basement and cover sequences by a regional angular unconformity.The basement sequence can be subdivided into the lower and the upper parts by the widespread interbedded ca.840 Ma basalt with pillow structure.In the present work,234 concordant detrital zircon analyses are obtained from three Tonian sandstone samples in the Fanjingshan district,Guizhou Province.Combined with previous results,a total of 1736 analyses of detrital zircon U-Pb ages derived from 12 formations of Tonian strata in the western Jiangnan Orogen are used to decipher the integrated sedimentary and tectonic histories.The zircons from the lowermost part of the basement sequence(the Yujiagou Formation)show oval morphology and display two Paleoproterozoic age peaks at 2325 Ma and 1845 Ma which are similar with the detrital zircon age peaks from the Late Paleoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic Dongchuan/Dahongshan/Hekou groups,suggesting a passive margin basin in which the sediments were mainly sourced from the southwestern Yangtze Block.However,the zircon age population of the lower part of the basement sequence(the Xiaojiahe,Huixiangping formations and their equivalents)indicates the sedimentary derivation from bidirectional sources(the ca.870 Ma arc materials in the south and the old detritus from the southwestern Yangtze Block)which is consistent with a back arc setting for the deposition of the sediments.Zircons from the upper part of the basement sequence(the Duyantang Formation and its equivalent)show euhedral and subangular morphology and display a unimodal age peak at ca.835 Ma.This sequence was possibly deposited in a convergent setting and the detritus were came from the locally distributed syn-collisional igneous rocks.The lower part of the cover sequence(the Xinzhai and Wuye formations and their equivalents)shows a distinct zircon age peak at 815—809 Ma and two subordinate peaks at 2485 Ma and 2018 Ma,suggesting that the basin had gradually transformed into a continental rift basin and received the detritus from the ca.815 Ma post-collisional magmatic rocks as well as from different Paleoproterozoic source rocks in the northern Yangtze Block.We propose a tectonic evolution model that envisages eruption of ca.840 Ma basalt in a back arc basin that existed during ca.870-835 Ma,an angular unconformity was formed during amalgamation of the Yangtze Block and the Cathaysia Block at ca.835-820 Ma and the rifting of the South China Continent was initiated at ca.800 Ma.Our study concludes that the South China Continent was formed on the periphery of the Rodinia supercontinent.     

Petrogenesis and tectonic significance of Neoproterozoic meta-basites and meta-granitoids within the central Dabie UHP zone,China: Geochronological and geochemical constraints

A combined geochemical (whole-rock elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes, zircon trace elements and Hf isotopes) and geochronological (zircon U–Pb ages) study was carried out on the relatively low-grade meta-basites and meta-granitoids from Longjingguan within the central Dabie ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic zone, east-central China. Zircon investigations indicate that the meta-basites were formed at ∼772 Ma and subsequently experienced granulite-facies metamorphism at ∼768 Ma and a later thermal overprint at ∼746 Ma, while the meta-granitoids recorded three groups of zircon ages at ca. 819 Ma, 784 Ma and 746 Ma. The meta-granitoids can be subdivided into low-Si and high-Si types, and they were derived from mid-Neoproterozoic partial melting of the Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic metamorphic basement rocks of the South China Block, respectively. These Neoproterozoic zircon ages are consistent with the protolith ages of the Dabie Triassic UHP meta-igneous rocks. In addition, the low-grade rocks have bulk-rock Pb isotope compositions overlapping with the UHP meta-igneous rocks. Therefore, the low-grade meta-basites and meta-granitoids could be interpreted as counterparts of the UHP meta-igneous rocks in this area, suggesting the same petrogenesis for their protoliths in the Neoproterozoic.Trace element patterns indicate that the low-grade rocks have better preserved their protolith compositions than their equivalent UHP rocks, and thus they are more suitable for elucidating the Neoproterozoic evolution of the northern margin of the South China Block. Zircon ages combined with geochemical features strongly suggest that the protoliths of the meta-granitoids and meta-basites were formed in a magmatic arc and a continental rifting setting, respectively. More specifically, the granitoids derived from partial melting of Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic basement materials at ∼819 Ma in a magmatic arc setting, whereas the precursors of the meta-basites are products of a continental rifting event at about 784 to 772 Ma. The obtained results provide new geochronological and geochemical constraints for the Neoproterozoic evolution of the northern margin of the South China Block, which can further contribute to the understanding of the breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia.     

新疆阿克苏地区新元古代沉积特征对裂谷发育过程的指示

阿克苏地区地处塔里木克拉通西北部的盆-山结合部位,新元古代地层齐全且发育前寒武纪蓝片岩,保留了新元古代从洋壳俯冲汇聚到陆壳拉张伸展过程的记录,是近年塔里木新元古界研究的热点及重点地区。但阿克苏地区新元古代地层层序和沉积体系的研究较为薄弱,构造对沉积充填的控制作用仍不清楚,由此也制约着对塔里木克拉通初期裂谷发育演化的认识。本文综合地层学、沉积学等多种研究手段,分析阿克苏地区新元古代地层展布及垂向发育特征,将多处实测剖面与钻井-地震剖面结合,构建了阿克苏地区新元古代地层发育序列及空间对比格架。明确了由裂陷控制的沉积相类型及演化：南华纪巧恩布拉克组先后发育冲积扇/扇三角洲、水下-冰川亚相（冰碛岩）及深水陆棚相;尤尔美那克组,早期以陆上-冰川沉积为主,晚期以冲积扇沉积为主;震旦纪苏盖特布拉克组由冲积扇过渡到辫状河三角洲和潮坪相;奇格布拉克组以碳酸盐岩台地沉积为主。通过盆-山构造结合沉积序列分析,确定新元古代经历了三个构造-沉积演化阶段：（1）局限深裂谷发育阶段（南华纪）,充填冲积扇/扇三角洲及深水陆棚相沉积,其中发育两期不同环境的冰川沉积;（2）裂谷扩张期（震旦纪早期）,火山活动强烈,发育冲积扇-辫状河三角洲、潮坪相沉积;（3）坳陷发育期（震旦纪晚期）,广盆浅海环境,发育碳酸盐岩台地。     

华南新元古代盆地开启年龄及沉积演化特征--以赣东北江南次级盆地为例

最新地质调查与研究表明,赣东北江南次级盆地新元古界南华系是一套沉积超覆于基底变质岩系之上的裂谷系“楔状地层”。桃源组陆相火山岩及火山碎屑岩是该“楔状地层”的最低层位,代表了南华裂谷系江南次级盆地新一轮沉积旋回的起点。取自桃源组流纹岩样品的结晶锆石SHRIMP U Pb同位素年龄为803±9 Ma,这一年龄值基本上代表了该次级盆地新元古代盆地的开启时间。沉积相研究表明,江南次级盆地沉积作用主要由四个沉积相组合构成:（1）陆相火山岩组合;（2）冲洪积相及河湖相组合;（3）滨浅海-次深海相组合;（4）冰碛岩相组合。与扬子东南缘其它次级盆地相比,江南次级盆地沉积作用以陆相为主,但两者的剖面沉积演化序列非常相似,都经历了一个由陆相至海相的沉积超覆演化过程,代表了新元古代南华期华南古大陆解体之后扬子地块东南缘典型的裂谷盆地演化特征。     

关于建立“板溪系”的建议及其基础的讨论——以黔东地区为例汪正江

作者在分析黔东新元古代早期沉积时限的基础上,结合前人关于Sturtian冰期、南华系底界、青白口系年代学的最新研究成果,指出华南新元古代裂谷盆地早期沉积（板溪群或与之相当的高涧群、芙蓉溪群、丹洲群、下江群、登山群、历口群等）时限为740～820Ma,是南华纪冰期前的非冰成沉积,是Rodinia裂解机制下的填平补齐沉积;而青白口系沉积可能是与Rodinia形成相关的板块碰撞机制下坳陷盆地沉积,南华系是与国际成冰系相对应的冰期沉积,是华南新元古代裂谷盆地的第一个盖层,因此,将板溪群、下江群等归入南华系或青白口系均不合理。由此提出了“板溪系”概念,它包括板溪群或与之相当的一套楔状地层。结合目前华南裂谷盆地开启年龄和南华纪冰期的起始年龄,板溪纪的时限暂定为850～740Ma。 板溪系的提出不仅将有利于解决长期存在的南华系划分对比问题,同时也必将有利于新元古代裂谷盆地早期演化及其与Rodinia超大陆裂解、冰期形成等关系的研究和相关重大气候、环境巨变问题的探讨。     

武当地区新元古代岩浆岩地球化学特征及其对南秦岭晋宁期区域构造性质的指示

对南秦岭武当地区武当群火山岩、基性侵入岩墙群和耀岭河群火山岩系统的元素和Nd同位素地球研究化学研究表明，武当群火山岩为形成于约1．0－0．9Ga的新元古代陆缘岛弧火山岩，而耀岭河群火山岩与武当地区基性侵入岩墙群为0．82－0．78Ga形成的大陆裂谷型同源岩浆岩；分别可与扬子克拉通北缘西乡群和南秦岭陕西境内的镇安磨沟峡火山岩、扬子克拉通北缘的火地垭群铁船山组碱性火山岩和望江山基性侵入岩群相对比，揭示出南秦岭与扬子克拉通北缘于晋宁期属统一的陆块。扬子克拉北缘和南秦岭大量的新元古代岩浆岩所具有的1．2－0．9GaNd同位素模式年龄和较高的εNd正值特征表明，晋宁期是扬子克拉通地壳增生和大陆岩石圈演化的重要时期之一。