Nd-Pb Isotopes of Basement Rocks, Granitoids and Basalts from the Western Margin of the Yangtze Craton. Implications for Crustal Evolution

INTRODUCTION TheYangtzecratonisoneofthemaingeotectonic blocksofChina'scontinent,connectingtheGanzi Song panblockwiththeLongmenMountainsinthewest Geologicalandtectonicstudieshaveshownthatthe basementoftheGanzi Songpanblockissimilartothe Yangtzecraton(Xuet…     

SHRIMP Zircon U-Pb Dating of Gabbro and Granite from the Huashan Ophiolite, Qinling Orogenic Belt, China： Neoproterozoic Suture on the Northern Margin of the Yangtze Craton

The recently identified Huashan ophiolitic melange was considered as the eastern part of the Mianliie suture in the Qinling orogenic belt. SHRIMP zircon U-Pb geochronology on gabbro from the Huashan ophiolite and granite intruding basic volcanic rocks indicates crystallization ages of 947±14 Ma and 876±17 Ma respectively. These ages do not support a recently proposed Hercynian Huashan Ocean, but rather favor that a Neoproterozoic suture assemblage (ophiolite) is incorporated into the younger (Phanerozoic) Qinling orogenic belt.     

Detrital Zircon Ages of Hanjiang River： Constraints on Evolution of Northern Yangtze Craton, South China

Clastic sedimentary rocks are natural samples of the exposed continental crust over large areas. The Hanjiang (汉江) River drains the northern Yangtze craton,including the South Qinling (秦岭) belt and the northern parts of the Yangtze craton. Detrital zircons from this river thus provide an ideal sample for studying the formation and evolution of the northern Yangtze craton. Here we report laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer U-Pb ages of 122 detrital zircons from one sand sample of the Hanjiang River. The 110 concordant zircons reveal four major age groups of 768,444,212,and 124 Ma,which well correlate with known magmatic events in the northern Yangtze craton. A minor group is present at 1 536 Ma,which is less known in the study area. Only seven zircons have ages of >1 750 Ma. Our results show that the Early Paleozoic,Late Triassic,and Early Cretaceous are important episodes of zircon growth and crustal growth/reworking in addition to the previously documented Neoproterozoic event. Our results suggest very limited exposures of Paleoproterozoic and Archean rocks in the northern parts of the Yangtze craton.     

Petrogenesis of ore-bearing porphyry of a porphyry Cu deposit at Mujicun in the North China Craton and its geological implicationsSCIEI北大核心CSCD

国内外学者对发育于弧环境和碰撞造山环境的斑岩铜矿成岩机制已取得了深刻的理解,但对产出在克拉通内部的斑岩铜矿成岩机制在认识上还有所欠缺。本文报道了侵位于144Ma木吉村斑岩铜矿内的含矿闪长玢岩的岩石地球化学资料,以揭示木吉村斑岩铜矿的含矿斑岩成因。岩石地球化学资料显示:含矿闪长玢岩具有较低的(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)i值(0.70599~70690)和εNd(t)值(-19.4~-14.9),富集轻稀土元素(LREEs)和大离子亲石元素(LILEs),相对亏损元素Y和Yb。木吉村含矿斑岩与王安镇杂岩体镁铁质岩(辉石岩、角闪石岩、辉长岩、辉长闪长岩、安山岩)具有相似的微量元素配分模式、Sr-Nd同位素组成及亲EMⅠ地幔特征,这些岩浆岩呈现持续性的成份演化趋势,反映出它们的同源性。木吉村含矿斑岩及相关的镁铁质岩石具有相对较低的(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)i值(0.70564~706897)和εNd(t)值(-19.4~-13.8),显著区别于中上地壳同位素区域。含矿斑岩起源于伸展背景下富集地幔部分熔融形成的玄武质岩浆,其上升过程中遭受了一定程度的下地壳混染。玄武质岩浆在深部岩浆房发生堆晶作用形成具典型堆晶结构的角闪石岩等基性岩,随后在浅部岩浆房经历两阶段辉长岩-辉长闪长岩、安山岩-闪长玢岩系列分离结晶作用形成含矿斑岩。此过程可能是形成华北克拉通木吉村斑岩铜矿含矿斑岩的机制和动力诱因。     

Characteristics and Natural Gas Origin of Middle−Late Triassic Marine Source Rocks of the Western Sichuan Depression, SW China

A scientific exploration well(CK1) was drilled to expand the oil/gas production in the western Sichuan depression, SW, China. Seventy-three core samples and four natural gas samples from the Middle–Late Triassic strata were analyzed to determine the paleo-depositional setting and the abundance of organic matter(OM) and to evaluate the hydrocarbon-generation process and potential. This information was then used to identify the origin of the natural gas. The OM is characterized by medium n-alkanes(n C_(15)–n C_(19)), low pristane/phytane and terrigenous aquatic ratios(TAR), a carbon preference index(CPI) of ～1, regular steranes with C_(29) C_(27) C_(28), gammacerane/C_(30) hopane ratios of 0.15–0.32, and δD_(org) of-132‰ to-58‰, suggesting a marine algal/phytoplankton source with terrestrial input deposited in a reducing–transitional saline/marine sedimentary environment. Based on the TOC, HI index, and chloroform bitumen "A" the algalrich dolomites of the Leikoupo Formation are fair–good source rocks; the grey limestones of the Maantang Formation are fair source rocks; and the shales of the Xiaotangzi Formation are moderately good source rocks. In addition, maceral and carbon isotopes indicate that the kerogen of the Leikoupo and Maantang formations is type Ⅱ and that of the Xiaotangzi Formation is type Ⅱ–Ⅲ. The maturity parameters and the hopane and sterane isomerization suggest that the OM was advanced mature and produced wet–dry gases. One-dimensional modeling of the thermal-burial history suggests that hydrocarbon-generation occurred at 220–60 Ma. The gas components and C–H–He–Ar–Ne isotopes indicate that the oilassociated gases were generated in the Leikoupo and Maantang formations, and then, they mixed with gases from the Xiaotangzi Formation, which were probably contributed by the underlying Permian marine source rocks. Therefore, the deeply-buried Middle–Late Triassic marine source rocks in the western Sichuan depression and in similar basins have a great significant hydrocarbon potential.     

Petrogenesis,U–Pb Age,and Lu–Hf Systematics of Rocks of the Garevka Complex (Northern Yenisei Ridge): Evidence of the Grenville Events at the Western Margin of the Siberian Craton

Doklady Earth Sciences - It is established for the first time that biotite plagiogneisses from the Garevka metamorphic complex of the North Yenisei Ridge have geochemical characteristics of C-type...     

Post-collisional plutonism with adakitic signatures： The Triassic Yangba granodiorite （Bikou terrane,northern Yangtze Block）

The post-collisional Yangba granodiorite intruded into the Bikou metasedimentary-volcanic group, southern Mianlue Suture, central China. The host granodiorites contain many mafic microgranular enclaves which have acicular apatite, phenocrysts of host granodiorites, implying that the enclaves have been incorporated as magma globules into host granodioritic magma and undergone rapid cooling. The variation trends of major and trace elements between enclaves and host rocks suggest a mixing and mingling process with respect to their petrogenesis. The mafic microgranular enclaves are characterized by shoshonite with SiO2≤〈63%, σ （4.54-6.18）〉3.3, high K2O content （4.22%-6.04%）, K2O/Na2O〉1; in the K2O-SiO2 diagram, all the samples plot in the shoshonite field, which are enriched in LILE and LREE, with obvious Nb, Ta negative anomalies, indicating a subducting fluid-metasomatised mantle source. Zircon LA-ICP-MS dating of the granodiorites yielded an age of 215.4±8.3 Ma, indicating they were formed during the late-orogenic or post-collisional stage （≤242±21 Ma） of the South Qinling Mountain Belt. The host granodiorites have many close compositional similarities to high-silica adakites from supra-subduction zone setting, but tend to have a higher concentration of K2O （3.22%-3.84%） and Mg^#. Chondrite-normalized rare-earth element patterns are characterized by high ratios of （La/Yb）N, the extreme HREE depletion and a lack of significant Eu anomalies. In conjunction with the high abundances of Ba and Sr as well as the low abundances of Y and HREE, these patterns suggest a feldspar-poor, garnet ± amphibole-rich fractionation mineral assemblage. High Mg^# values demonstrate that the host granodiorites were contaminated by enclave magma. On a whole, integrated geological and geochemical studies suggested the Yangba granodiorites and their mafic microgranular enclaves resulted from mixing of enriched mantle-derived shoshonitic magma and thickened lower crust-derived felsic magma. In combination w     

A New Species of Huaxiapterus （Pterosauria： Tapejaridae） from the Early Cretaceous of Western Liaoning, China

A new species of Huaxiapterus： H. benxiensis sp. nov. is erected based on the new specimen. The diagnostic characters of Huaxiapterus benxiensis are well-developed premaxillary crest and parietal spine, the crest and spine parallel and extending posterodorsally, and a shallow groove present on the dorsal surface of the anterior portion of the mandibular symphysis. The different skull morphologies of Chinese tapejarid pterosaurs indicate that they are much more diverse than the previous thought.     

2.3 Ga Magmatism and 1.94 Ga Metamorphism in the Xiatang Area,Southern Margin of the North China Craton——Evidence from Whole-rock Geochemistry and Zircon Geochronology and Hf Isotope

本文报道了华北克拉通南缘豫西鲁山下汤地区古元古代片麻状花岗岩和黑云角闪斜长片麻岩的全岩地球化学和锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成.岩石呈包体形式存在于中元古代花岗岩中.片麻状花岗岩具深熔特征,岩浆锆石年龄为2.30 Ga;岩石高SiO2和K2O,低∑FeO、MgO和CaO,具稀土总量较高(∑REE=165.8×10-6)、轻重稀土分离较强[(La/Yb)n=37.8]及弱负铕异常(Eu/Eu(*)=0.76)的稀土模式;εNd(t)(t=2.30 Ga)=-0.75; tDM(Nd) =2.66 Ga.黑云角闪斜长片麻岩变质原岩为辉长闪长岩,捕获锆石年龄为2.25 Ga;岩石低SiO2 和MgO,高Al2O3和P2O5,具稀土总量高(∑REE=373.4×10-6)、轻重稀土分离不强[ (La/Yb)n=9.4]及较强负铕异常( Eu/Eu*=0.44)的稀土模式;εNd(t)(t=2.25 Ga)=-1.21;tDM(Nd) =2.75 Ga.片麻状花岗岩和黑云角闪斜长片麻岩都记录了1.94 Ga变质锆石年龄.片麻状花岗岩的岩浆锆石组成域的εHf(t)(t=2.30 Ga)=-6.71～0.38,tDMI(Hf) =2627 ～2910 Ma,tDM2(CC)(Hf)=2823 ～ 3255 Ma.黑云角闪斜长片麻岩的捕获锆石组成域的εHf(t)(t=2.25 Ga)=-19.58～ -1.73,tDM1 (Hf) =2664～3360 Ma,tDM2(CC)(Hf)=2968 ～4011 Ma.结合前人资料,得出如下结论:华北克拉通南缘豫陕晋结合部地区存在—规模较大的约2.3 Ga地质体分布区;华北克拉通南缘很可能存在规模巨大的＞2.7 Ga基底;中部造山带与孔兹岩带具有类似的古元古代晚期构造热事件演化历史.     

扬子地块西缘新元古代镁铁-超镁铁质岩研究进展

扬子地块西缘新元古代岩浆活动非常强烈，花岗岩广布。最近研究表明，该区还育较大规模的析元古代基性岩浆活动。本文着重总结和评述了扬子地块西缘的新元古代镁铁一超镁铁质岩的最新研究成果．认为这一期岩浆活动是由约0．95～0．90Ga造山带的岩浆活动和0．86～0．74Ga非造山的岩浆活动组成．反映了从岛弧到板内裂谷的构造演化模式。     

A Back-arc Palaeotectonic Setting for the Augaro Neoproterozoic Magmatic Rocks of Western Eritrea

The Augaro volcano-sedimentary assemblages of western Eritrea are part of the Neoproterozoic, N-S trending belt of low-grade volcano-sedimentary and associated plutonic rocks. In contrast to the volcanic-dominated oceanic-arc assemblages in central Eritrea, the predominant rock types in the west are supracrustal sequences of sedimentary origin with subordinate volcanic rocks. These Augaro supracrustal rocks are overlain, unconformably, by a basin-fill metasedimentary succession known as the Gulgula Group. The Augaro metavolcanic rocks are tholeiitic and range in composition from basalt to basaltic andesite. Comparison of trace element characteristics and N-MORB-normalised spidergrams of these rocks with those of modern volcanic environments and age-comparable metavolcanic rocks of known tectonic association from the Arabian-Nubian Shield suggest that the volcanic assemblages from western Eritrea were generated in a back-arc tectonic setting.

Single zircon Pb-Pb evaporation and vapour-transfer U-Pb analyses of magmatic zircons from pre/syn-tectonic granites yield a mean ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb age of 849±20 Ma and an upper concordia intercept age of 849±26 Ma. These ages are interpreted to represent the time of major magmatism in western Eritrea and are comparable to ages of early arc magmatism in central and northern Eritrea and in the southern Nubian Shield. Initial eNd values and initial Sr isotope ratios of whole-rock samples of magmatic rocks calculated for an age of 850 Ma range from +4.0 to +7.1 and 0.7026 to 0.7037, respectively. Single zircon ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb ages, initial eNd value and Sr isotope ratio for a granitic clast in the Gulgula metaconglomerate suggest that the source area for the Gulgula metasedimentary rocks is similar to the surrounding Neoproterozoic rocks of western Eritrea.     

扬子陆块西北缘早新元古代俯冲增生过程的岩浆记录

华南早新元古代俯冲相关岩浆作用记录为揭示罗迪尼亚超大陆边缘陆块的聚合及增生过程提供了重要制约。本文聚焦华南扬子陆块西北缘出露的早新元古代岩浆作用记录,总结梳理了其年代学框架、地球化学特征以及同位素特征,查明了其源区性质和岩石学成因、并探讨了不同阶段岩浆记录所对应的构造环境。结果表明,扬子陆块西北缘约1.0~0.9 Ga岩石具有与新生岛弧岩浆类似的微量元素特征,强不相容元素的含量略低于大陆弧,并且具有亏损的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成和略低于地幔值的锆石δ18O值,这些特征指示约1.0~0.9 Ga岩浆岩最有可能形成于洋内弧环境。相比之下,约0.9~0.83 Ga岩浆岩具有与平均上地壳类似的微量元素特征,富集强不相容元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素,并且具有富集的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成,锆石δ18O值与地幔值相当或略高,指示其可能形成于大陆弧环境。此外,镁铁质岩石全岩Nd和锆石Hf同位素随年龄的长期变化趋势揭示了地幔源区性质周期性地富集和亏损,这可能是由于俯冲带间歇性地前进和后撤引起的挤压–伸展构造体制的不断交替所致。本文结果为扬子陆块西北缘新元古代早期的构造演化历史和俯冲增生动力学机制提供了制约。     

Structural Analysis of Jianglang Metamorphic Core Complex in Western Margin of yangtze Crston,Sichuan Province

There is a belt of metamorphic core complexes in the western margin of the Yangtze craton . The geological setting of the belt is similar to that of the Cordilleran metamorphic core complexes . A typical one in this belt is the Jianglang metamorphic core complex , which has a configuration consisting of three layers :a core complex consisting of Mesoproterozoic schist sequence , a ductile middle slab consisting of Paleozoic meta-sedimentary-basalt characterized by the development of "folding layer" and an upper cover consisting of Xikang Group which has suffered both buckling and flattening . A detachment fault developed along the contact boundary between the cover and basement causes the omission of Upper Sinian and Cambrian at the base of cover . A lot of normal ductile shear zones developed in the cover causes the thinning of it . All the features show that the early extension results in the thinning of crust , but the formation of the dome and exposure of basement rocks may be the results of superimp     

云开地区新元古代蛇绿岩的地球化学证据及其构造意义

粤西云开隆起区西北缘信宜贵子、茶山一带浅变质云开群底部层状、似层状变基性、超基性岩的研究表明,变基性岩以变玄武岩、变辉长岩、斜长角闪岩为主,变超基性岩则主要为蛇纹石化橄榄岩、橄辉岩和角闪辉石岩,它们是遭受后期构造变形变质作用强烈改造的蛇绿混杂岩。变基性岩的岩石地球化学特征可分为略有差异的两类:茶山的TiO2=0．71％-2．16％(平均1．38％),(La／Yb)N=0．67-1．91,轻稀土略亏损-平坦,La／Nb、Ce／ Zr、Zr／Nb、Zr／Y、Ti／Y平均值分别为1．19、0．31、15．75、2．08和434．98,Nb／Th平均值为4．0,εNd(t)=1．4-1．8;贵子的TiO2=1．55％-1．89％(平均1．74％),(La／Yb)N=2．13-2．80,轻稀土略富集,La／Nb、Ce／Zr、Zr／Nb、Zr／Y、 Ti／Y平均值分别为0．84、0．22、13．04、4．15和351．93,Nb／Th平均值为5．8,εNd(t)=2．4-5．0,均显示俯冲带上 (SSZ)和洋中脊(E-MORB)构造环境的玄武岩,并来自富集地幔源区。变超基性岩蛇纹石化橄榄岩的稀土元素配分具典型的U形特征,显示为具地幔交代作用的LREE富集地幔残余。茶山和贵子变基性岩的Sm-Nd、Rb-Sr全岩同位素等时线年龄分别为824±77 Ma和667±43 Ma、663±1 7 Ma。这为华南存在新元古代-早古生代的洋盆提供了重要证据,而且在洋盆初始阶段有地幔柱或OIB物质组分的加入。     

江南造山带新元古代中期(830～750Ma)岩浆活动及对构造演化的制约

连接扬子地块和华夏地块的江南造山带是华南前寒武纪最重要的构造单元,其形成和演化长期以来备受关注。在江南造山带的范围内广泛发育了新元古代岩浆岩,它们是探讨江南造山带构造演化的重要对象,但其成因和形成的构造背景却备受争论。本文系统收集和分析了江南造山带830~820 Ma花岗岩、800~780 Ma酸性岩和800~750 Ma基性岩的地球化学数据。研究表明,不同时间段的岩石成因类型存在系统差异,830~820 Ma的花岗岩主要为S型花岗岩,800~780 Ma的酸性岩主要为A型酸性岩,而800~750 Ma的基性岩以拉斑系列和碱性系列为主,并在构造判别图中显示了板内玄武岩(WPB)和洋中脊玄武岩(MORB)的特征。综合同位素年代学、岩石地球化学和沉积学等学科领域的研究成果我们认为:扬子北缘和西缘应先于东南缘在1000~900 Ma期间发生碰撞,而此时的东南缘仍为活动大陆边缘;直到~830 Ma,扬子地块与华夏地块沿江南造山带发生拼贴,但只是陆-弧-(微)陆之间的"软碰撞",而无山脉隆升和高级变质作用,各个块体之间处于"联而不合"的状态,大洋岩石圈拆沉之后的软流圈上涌和由拆沉所引起的拉张作用导致了上覆岩石圈和陆壳发生部分熔融,产生了江南造山带830~820 Ma的S型花岗岩;随着全球Rodinia超大陆的裂解,~820 Ma,华南裂谷盆地开启,并在随后的裂解过程中发育了大量与伸展有关的800~780 Ma A型酸性岩和基性岩脉/墙,而其明显高于同时代MORB源区的地幔潜能温度显示,导致Rodina超大陆裂解的地幔柱可能对该时期岩浆岩的地幔源区有一定影响;随着拉张作用的不断加强,出现了760~750 Ma碱性系列和具MORB特征的基性岩,此时的软流圈地幔既提供热量又有物质供应。     

Sequence Stratigraphy and Evolution of the Neoproterozoic Marginal Basins Along Southeastern Yangtze Craton, South China

Four sequence sets have been recognized in the Neoproterozoic basins along the southeastern margin of the Yangtze Craton, South China. The first sequence set consists of the Baizhu and Hetong Formations (or their equivalents), which is absent or partially absent in the denudational areas of the Jiangnan Ridge division. It represents the beginning of the continental rifting. The second sequence set is made up of the Sanmenjie and Gongdong Formations (or their equivalents), and is characterised by widespread rift volcanism. The third sequence set is represented by the Chang'an Formation glacial deposits in the Hunan-Guangxi sub-basin, which is absent in land areas covered by continental ice sheets. The Nantuo tillites and subsequent carbonaceous and siliceous sediments (the Doushantuo and Dengying Formations) constitute the fourth sequence set in the study area, marking the end of the continental rifting. The first three sets have been interpreted as forming the rift-fill, and the last one the rift cover. This study is the first step towards a better understanding of the Neoproterozoic basin history in South China, and a more robust correlation with Neoproterozoic successions in other continents formed during the breakup of Rodinia.     

Sediment-hosted Pb-Zn Deposits in Southwest Sanjiang Tethys and Kangdian Area on the Western Margin of Yangtze Craton

<正>The western margin of Yangtze Craton is known as a significant sediment-hosted base-metal aggregate cluster,especially for Pb-Zn deposits in China,e.g.Jinding,Daliangzi,Tianbaoshan, Kuangshanchang and Qinlinchang deposits.In comparison with the classic MVT deposits in the world, based on the basic geology of the sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposits,this paper focuses on temporal-spatial distribution of this deposit to further discuss its large scale mineralization and tectonic evolution history.In the SW Sanjiang Thethys,Jinding deposit is typically thrust fault-controlled and hosted mainly in the sandstones and breccia-bearing sandstones,whereas MVT-type deposits are controlled by lithology and faulting/fracturing with a strong preference for carbonate-hosted rocks.Most importantly,Jinding Pb-Zn deposit differs from the other types of sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposits in which it was formed in a strongly deformed foreland basin within a continental collision zone.In the Kangdian area,the sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposits were formed in the extensional basin on the side of the continental orogenic belt along the Yangtze Craton.Compared with classic MVT deposits,the Pb-Zn deposits in the Kangdian area belong to MVT deposits.This paper is significant not only for interpretation of the genesis of sediment-hosted Pb-Zn deposits but also for exploiting large base metal deposits in large sedimentary target areas.     

华北克拉通东部新元古代宏体化石生物地层序列

华北克拉通东部是中国晚前寒武纪地层出露最为完整、连续的地区,特别是华北克拉通东缘连续出露了新元古代自老至新的全部地层,是对比和衔接中国南、北方晚前寒武纪地层的关键地区。在该地区所发现和建立的宏体化石群——“龙凤山生物群”、“辽南生物群”和“淮南生物群”可能是新元古代“南华大冰期”前后较为独特的生物群落,其中相当部分可能归属于多细胞后生动物和多细胞藻类,是地球早期生命景观的重要代表。因此,对这些新元古代早期生物群的研究将可能揭示比陡山沱期更早的多细胞后生动植物的演化面貌,在演化生物学上意义重大。近年来,在地调项目的资助下,开展了华北克拉通东部地区的新元古代年代地层及生物地层的研究。本文综合现有资料,详细记述了华北克拉通东部（燕山地区和辽南、徐淮地区）含宏体化石的新元古代地层及其宏体化石特征、组合面貌和生物地层序列。同时,依据宏体化石记录,探讨了中国新元古代地层的对比问题。