原子荧光光谱法测定芦荟中铅和镉

应用AFS-820型双道原子荧光测定芦荟中Pb和Cd,用HNO3-HClO4 消解样品,以KBH4 作还原剂分别测定Pb和Cd。Pb和Cd检出限分别为0. 58μg/L和0. 21μg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)均小于10%,线性范围Pb为0~100μg/L,Cd为0~80μg/L,标准加入回收率Pb为88. 2% ~108. 6%,Cd为85. 3% ~112. 8%。方法经植物国家一级标准物质验证,结果与标准值相符。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射全谱直读光谱仪测定地质样品中的钽

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射全谱直读光谱仪,以HF-HNO3-HClO4-HCl溶样,不经分离富集,直接测定地质样品(岩石、水系沉积物、土壤)中Ta。方法检出限可达0. 8μg/g。通过国家一级标准物质测试和其他样品以不同方法测定相比较,测定结果基本一致;GBW 07309标准物质6次测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为12. 0%。     

离子交换分离-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定高纯铟中的痕量银

银是高纯铟的常检痕量元素,由于银含量低,一般的分析方法难以达到期望的检出限。本研究样品用硝酸溶解,强酸性阳离子交换树脂分离,试液蒸发浓缩后用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定高纯铟中痕量银。通过溶样方法、离子交换分离条件和仪器测定条件实验,结果表明,以0.7 mol/L硝酸作为淋洗液进行分离,样品中痕量砷、铝、铁、锡及大量的铟可被分离除去;铜、镉、镁、镍、锌、铅、硅和铊不能与银分离,但对测定无影响。方法线性范围为0～50 pg,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=8)小于10%,银的检出限为0.3 pg,测定下限为0.8ng/g,比文献方法的0.02～1μg/g中最低者低2个数量级,加标回收率为93.3%～110.0%。本方法由于分离了基体铟,避免了铟对银测定的影响,兼之将试液浓缩,有效地降低了检出限,且测定时无需使用基体改进剂,成本低,灵敏度较高,适合于高纯铟中痕量银的分析。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法直接同时测定地球化学样品中镓铟铊

报道了用HF—HNO3—HClO4分解样品，以^103Rh为内标元素，采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法直接同时测定地球化学样品中痕量镓、铟、铊的方法。方法检出限(6s)Ga、In、Tl分别为0．059、0．002、0．004μg／g，方法精密度(RSD，n＝12)为2.6％—5.3％。用国家一级标准物质进行验证，测定结果与标准值吻合。     

高温燃烧水解-离子色谱法测定植物样品中的氟

建立了高温燃烧水解-离子色谱测定植物样品中不同含量范围氟的分析方法,色谱条件为Dionex IonPacAS18分离柱(4 mm×250 mm),Dionex IonPac AG18保护柱(4 mm×50 mm),ASRS ULTRAⅡ自动再生微膜抑制器,电导检测器。采用纯水作为吸收介质,使样品溶液与标准溶液基体一致,过滤后可直接测定。样品溶液中常见的Cl-、NO3-、SO24-、PO43-、CO23-、HCO3-等阴离子不干扰F-的测定。为消除样品热解过程中产生的乙酸干扰,对氟含量较高(xx～xxxμg/g)的样品,采用20 mmol/L的NaOH淋洗液等度淋洗,进样体积为25μL;对氟含量较低的样品(0.x～xμg/g),进样体积为100μL。方法具有较宽的线性范围和较好的稳定性,检出限为0.5 mg/kg,适用于痕量分析;应用于灌木枝叶和茶叶等4个氟含量较高(xx～xxxμg/g)的植物标准物质的测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)<6%(n=6);应用于低氟的小麦粉和大米粉样品测定,加标回收率为90%～110%,可以满足不同氟含量植物样品中氟测定的需要,具有自动化程度高、操作简单、对环境友好等特点。     

火焰发射光谱法测定卤水中铷和铯

选择LaCl3 作电离缓冲剂,用火焰发射光谱法测定卤水中的Rb和Cs,有效地降低了基体干扰,提高了方法的灵敏度。方法的测定下限为: 18μg/LRb, 1. 8μg/LCs;加标回收率在92. 4% ~105. 0%。方法用于实际样品分析,结果与KCl电离缓冲剂原子吸收光谱法相吻合,且减少了预先测定K 的操作。对卤水样品中Rb和Cs11次平行测定,计算方法的RSD分别为5. 78%和8. 11%。     

王水溶样-等离子体质谱法同时测定地质样品中砷锑铋银镉铟

采用王水溶样-等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中砷、锑、铋、银、镉、铟6个元素,探讨了测定过程中对砷、银、镉、铟干扰的消除问题。方法检出限(10SD,μg/g)分别为:砷0.2、锑0.01、铋0.005、银0.01、镉0.01、铟0.005;精密度(RSD,n=12)分别为砷1.3%~3.0%、锑0.65%~2.3%、铋1.2%~2.6%、银3.2%~6.6%、镉3.7%~8.0%、铟1.1%~5.0%;加标回收率分别为砷96.8%~106%、锑102%~108%、铋102%~106%、银99.7%~104%、镉103%~108%、铟97.9%~100%。用拟定方法测定了国家一级标准物质中砷、锑、铋、银、镉、铟,结果与标准值相符。方法适用于岩石、土壤、水系沉积物等地质样品的测定。     

微波消解―ICP―MS法测土壤和水系沉积物样品中的碘

介绍了用微波消解处理土壤和水系沉积物样品,用电感耦合等离子质谱仪(ICP-MS)快速高效测试碘的方法。方法的检出限为0. 012μg/g。所选的12个土壤和水系沉积物国家一级标准物质12次测定,除GBW07307a的RSD小于10%外,其余RSD值均小于5%,12次测试的平均值和标准值对数差绝对值均小于0. 05。方法加标回收率在98. 6%104. 6%之间。     

发射光谱法测定勘查地球化学样品中银硼锡钼铅

以K2S2O7、NaF、Al2O3和炭粉为缓冲剂，Ge为内标，电弧发射光谱法测定勘查地球化学样品中Ag、B、Sn、Mo、Pb。方法检出限为Ag0．013μg／g、B0．83μg/g、Sn0．23μg／g、Mo0．073μg/g、Pb0．37μg／g。方法精密度（RSD，n=12）为Ag4．2％～11．3％、B3．2％～6．5％、Sn2．6％～7．1％、Mo2．9％～6．3％、Pb1．57％～5．18％。测定了国家一级地球化学标准物质，结果与标准值相符。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中稀散元素铬镓铟碲铊

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱技术,研究了地质样品中稀散元素铬、镓、铟、碲、铊含量的质谱分析方法。研究确定了最佳测定酸度、干扰元素的校正方法,结果令人满意。方法检出限为0.001 3~0.063μg/g,精密度(RSD,n=11)为2.00%~4.87%,优于其他方法,具有较好的灵敏度。方法快速、简便,结果准确,可用于地质样品中稀散元素铬、镓、铟、碲、铊含量的分析,适用于批量样品的快速测定。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861