华北燕山造山带结构要素组合

采用造山带结构要素组合的概念,对华北燕山造山带进行了研究。燕山造山带各演化阶段的结构要素组合特征如下：前造山和初始造山幕(J1),早侏罗世早期为前造山伸展构造,结构要素组合有：三又式裂谷带、板内型玄武岩、含煤建造;早侏罗世晚期为初始造山收缩构造,结构要素组合有：向北倾伏的褶曲与逆冲、九龙山组类磨拉石建造,硬绿泥石一十字石一蓝晶石为标志的低温、中一高压变质带。早期造山幕(J2),中侏罗世早期为同造山伸展构造,结构要素组合有：岩石圈上隆伸展有关的火山盆地及可能的同期侵入岩,火山岩线型分布;中侏罗世晚期为收缩构造,有关的结构要素组合为：逆冲推覆和褶曲变形、磨拉石建造、同构造侵入体和角闪岩相变质岩。峰期造山幕(J3),晚侏罗世早期同构造伸展构造,结构要素组合有：岩石圈上隆伸展有关的火山盆地与同期侵入岩,火山岩面型分布,火成岩组合中出现高压粗面岩类,较大量的流纹岩;晚侏罗世晚期收缩构造有关结构要素组合为：逆冲推覆和褶曲变形、磨拉石建造、同构造侵入体和角闪岩相变质岩,侵入岩中出现高压正长岩类。早白垩世早期(K1^1)晚造山幕有关的结构要素组合为：收缩变形分布较局限,湖相沉积建造替代磨拉石建造,侵入岩组合中出现过碱性石英正长岩,大晶洞构造的花岗岩及科马提质辉长岩等。早白垩世晚期(K1^2)后造山幕伸展有关的结构要素组合为：正断层、变质核杂岩、双峰式岩墙辟、典型的过碱性花岗岩和含煤建造。     

The Sequence of Magmatic-Tectonic Events and Orogenic Processes of the Yanshan Belt, North China

This paper emphasizes that the interactive constraints of geology and isotopic dating is the best approach to construct the geological event sequence, and has compiled 106 data of reasonable isotopic ages for the igneous rocks of the Yanshan belt. We propose a sequence of mgmatic-tectonic events in the Jurassic-Cretaceous Yanshan orogen of North China. Five orogenic episodes are divided, (1) pre-and initial orogenic episode (Early Jurassic); (2) early orogenic episode (Middle Jurassic); (3) peak orogenic episode (Late Jurassic); (4) late orogenic episode (early Early Cretaceous), and (5) post-orogenic episode. Each episode is a short cycle, all of the orogenic processes construct a longer cycle, and they, in general, followed a counter-clockwise (ccw) PTt path. Finally, it is suggested that the Yanshanian movement was so intensive that the magmatism and tectonic deformation had involved all the lithosphere thickness and the late-Achaean-formed cratonic lithosphere had been significantly reworked.     

燕山板内造山带中部“承德逆冲构造”的褶皱相关断裂构造模型

燕山板内造山带中部承德盆地复杂的中生代褶皱及逆冲断裂构造,曾被解释为土城子组沉积之后大型逆冲推覆构造(位移量大于40～45km)又经褶皱变形的结果。近年来,土城子组沉积相和物源区分析、中新元古界沉积古地理研究以及相关构造变形研究结果等,对这一变形大型逆冲构造模型提出了多方位质疑。但已有研究并未提出新的构造模型来解释这一复杂构造区域中生代构造变形样式和形成机制。文中通过对承德盆地区域主体构造——承德向斜、向斜两翼逆冲构造变形几何学与运动学特征、向斜转折端附近构造变形与断裂发育状况进行详细野外调查及对关键地质体同位素地质年代进行测试,发现承德向斜两翼逆冲断层为分别向向斜核部以外区域逆冲的独立逆冲断层,逆冲断层活动与承德向斜变形是在统一的收缩变形体制下准同时形成的。它们形成于土城子组之后、张家口组火山活动之前,即距今约139～136 Ma。据此提出了"承德逆冲构造"的背离向斜逆冲构造模型。这一模型合理地解释了燕山中部承德盆地区域中生代构造变形和相应的盆地充填特征,同时表明,燕山板内造山带并不存在碰撞造山带前陆褶皱逆冲带中常见的大型薄皮逆冲构造样式。这一研究结果展示了褶皱相关断裂构造模型在研究和揭示收缩构造变形区域大尺度褶皱与断裂构造相互关系及准确重建区域构造演化过程方面的重要意义。     

辽西地区燕山板内造山带东段中生代逆冲推覆构造

本文厘定并阐述了辽西地区燕山中生代板内造山带东段发育的推覆构造的宏观构造格局、运动学特征、形成时代和形成过程；探讨了形成该构造体系的区域构造背景及其大地构造意义。该区的逆冲构造系统由6条主干逆冲断层组成。分布于西北和东南缘的两条最外缘逆冲断层走向为ENE，居于其间的逆冲断层呈NNE-NE，而且，向东北和南西方向这些断层具有汇合的趋势。在东北端收敛于凌源-东官营子断裂（“内蒙地轴”南缘断裂）上，而在西南端则汇拢于大屯-锦州断裂及其西延的密云-喜峰口断裂。总体上构成一个类似于双重构造（duplex)的巨型逆冲系统。该区逆冲作用始于中侏罗世之前，于株罗纪末达到高峰并基本形成了本区的推覆构造格局。本区逆冲断层系统，总体逆冲方向指向南东，与燕山板内造山带中段、西段以向北、北西逆冲为主的逆冲推覆构造明显不同。结合燕山中段发现的近东西向右行走滑断裂系统及其与本区逆冲推覆构造体系的时-空关系分析，指出本区逆冲推覆构造的形成，是没燕山东西向构造带右行走滑作用因构造方向的改变发生构造转换的结果。     

Early Devonian Post-collisional Granitic Magmatism in the North Qilian Orogenic Belt, Western China: Insights into Lithospheric Delamination and Orogenic Collapse

Post-collisional magmatism contains important clues for understanding the reworking and growth of continental crust, as well as lithospheric delamination and orogenic collapse. Early Devonian magmatism has been identified in the North Qilian Orogenic Belt (NQOB). This paper reports an integrated study of petrology, whole-rock geochemistry, Sm-Nd isotope and zircon U-Pb dating, as well as Lu-Hf isotopic data, for two Early Devonian intrusive plutons. The Yongchang and Chijin granites yield zircon U-Pb ages of 394–407 Ma and 414 Ma, respectively. Both of them are characterized by weakly peraluminous to metaluminous without typical aluminium-rich minerals, LREE-enriched patterns with negative Eu anomalies and a negative correlation between P2O5 and SiO2 contents, consistent with geochemical features of I-type granitoids. Zircons from the studied granites display negative to weak positive εHf(t) values (?5.7 to 2.1), which agree well with those of negative εNd(t) values (?6.4 to ?2.9) for the whole-rock samples, indicating that they were derived from the partial melting of Mesoproterozoic crust. Furthermore, low Sr/Y ratios (1.13–21.28) and high zircon saturation temperatures (745°C to 839°C, with the majority being >800°C) demonstrated a relatively shallow depth level below the garnet stability field and an additional heat source. Taken together, the Early Devonian granitic magmatism could have been produced by the partial melting of ancient crustal materials heated by mantle-derived magmas at high-temperature and low-pressure conditions during post-collisional extensional collapse. The data obtained in this study, when viewed in conjunction with previous studies, provides more information about the tectonic processes that followed the closure of the North Qilian Ocean. The tectonic transition from continental collision to post-collisional delamination could be constrained to ~430 Ma, which is provided by the sudden decrease of Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios and an increase in zircon εHf(t) values for granitoids. A two-stage tectonic evolution model from continental collision to post-collisional extensional collapse for the NQOB includes (a) continental collision and crustal thickening during ca. 455–430 Ma, characterized by granulite-facies metamorphism and widespread low-Mg adakitic magmatism; (b) post-collisional delamination of thickened continental crust and extensional collapse of orogen during ca. 430–390 Ma, provided by coeval high-Mg adakitic magmatism, A-type granites and I-type granitoids with low Sr-Y ratios.     

秦岭造山带主要大地构造单元的新划分

根据近年来的地层、沉积、岩浆-火山和构造变形及岩石地球化学等方面研究新进展,结合前人的成果,按照大地构造相单元划分原则,将秦岭造山带分为13个主要构造单元: ①华北南缘陆坡带,包括第一层序的青白口系大庄组、震旦系罗圈组和寒武系,与之对应的豫西栾川群;第二层序的奥陶纪陶湾群;②北秦岭弧后杂岩带,以宽坪群和部分二郎坪群中的基性火山岩与碳酸盐岩的构造块体与变质的古生代深海碎屑岩混杂为特征;③秦岭岛弧杂岩带,由丹凤群不同的古洋隆块体、富水幔源岛弧基性岩浆杂岩、云架山群、斜峪关群和草滩沟群的岛弧钙碱性岩浆岩和火山岩及深海沉积物及秦岭群弧基底杂岩等构成,时间跨度为奥陶纪-石炭纪;④秦岭弧前盆地系,泥盆系及其它晚古生代地层是其主要充填物,同沉积断裂控制了一系列的次级盆地;⑤秦岭增生混杂带,由泥、砂岩组成的基质和基性、超基性岩、火山岩、灰岩、硅质岩等岩块构成,最终形成于二叠纪末-三叠纪初;⑥南秦岭岛弧杂岩带,碧口群的基性-中酸性火山岩和岩浆岩组成,称碧口弧;由三花石群的中基性火山岩以及西乡群的中酸性火山岩共同构成,称西乡弧;由耀岭河群和郧西群中基性熔岩和中酸性火山岩组成,称安康弧;⑦南秦岭弧前盆地系,碧口弧前盆地充填物是以碎屑岩为主的横丹群和关家沟群;西乡弧前沉积主要由三花岩群包括王家坝组砂岩以及由泥岩、砂岩和中酸性火山岩变质而成的片岩、片麻岩和石英岩组成.安康弧前盆地具有明显的深海扇沉积特征梅子垭群和大贵坪组;⑧南秦岭弧后盆地系,包括后龙门山的茂县群和上古生界及三叠系,大巴山的洞河群和部分耀岭河群的火山岩;⑨南秦岭弧后陆坡带,只保留大巴山弧后陆缘,是高川-毛坝以南的下古生界;⑩南秦岭前陆褶冲带,包括龙门山北段、米仓山和大巴山前陆褶冲带.三带形成于印支-燕山期,但构造线不同,且在出现的时间上,由西到东由早到晚;(11)三叠纪残余海盆;(12)中-新生代走滑拉分和断陷盆地;(13)基底断块.     

中国东北地区蛇绿岩

我国东北地区位于中亚造山带的东段,经历了复杂的增生造山过程,其所属微陆块的基底属性及拼贴位置、洋-陆转换一直是地学界研究的热点。根据近年来的研究进展,我们将东北地区微陆块划分为额尔古纳地块、兴安增生地体、松嫩-锡林浩特地块和佳木斯地块。同时综述了东北地区蛇绿岩/蛇绿混杂岩带的时空分布、年代学及地球化学的新资料,讨论了其构造背景及俯冲-增生过程。东北地区增生造山不仅涉及古亚洲洋和古太平洋,还可能与泛大洋有关,包括早奥陶世-晚三叠世古亚洲洋主洋盆及古亚洲洋分支——新元古代-晚寒武世新林-喜桂图洋、早寒武世-晚石炭世嫩江洋、新元古代-晚志留世黑龙江洋和晚二叠世-中侏罗世牡丹江洋的演化。早石炭世末-晚石炭世初,东北地区古亚洲洋分支洋盆全部闭合,所有微陆块完成聚合形成统一的东北陆块群。晚二叠世-早三叠世时期,古亚洲洋主洋盆沿索伦-西拉木伦-长春-延吉缝合带自西向东从早到晚以剪刀式最终闭合,完成东北陆块群与华北板块的拼接。晚三叠世-早侏罗世时期古太平洋板块俯冲启动,东北地区进入古太平洋俯冲增生构造体系。     

Geochronology,Petrogenesis and Tectonic Setting of the Late Jurassic I-type Granites in the North Qinling Orogenic Belt,Central China

The North Qinling Orogenic Belt(NQOB) is a composite orogenic belt in central China. It started evolving during the Meso–Neoproterozoic period and underwent multiple stages of plate subduction and collision before entering intra-continental orogeny in the Late Triassic. The Meso–Cenozoic intra-continental orogeny and tectonic evolution had different responses in various terranes of the belt, with the tectonic evolution of the middle part of the belt being particularly controversial. The granites...     

Petrogenesis of an Alkali Syenite-Granite-Rhyolite Suite in the Yanshan Fold and Thrust Belt, Eastern North China Craton: Geochronological, Geochemical and Nd-Sr-Hf Isotopic Evidence for Lithospheric Thinning

The Yanshan Fold and Thrust Belt in eastern China has been intrudedby a series of alkalic igneous rocks, ranging in compositionfrom granite and rhyolite to syenite and trachyte. Laser ablationinductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb analysesof zircon from three alkaline suites yield Early Cretaceousages of 130–117 Ma. Three groups of rocks have been identifiedbased on their mineralogical, geochemical and Sr–Nd–Hfisotope characteristics. The alkali granites and rhyolites areferroan and have low Al₂O₃, MgO, CaO, Sr, Ba and Eu concentrationsand high SiO₂, total Fe₂O₃, K₂O, Nb, Ga, Ta, Th and heavy rareearth element abundances and Ga/Al ratios. Geochemical dataand Sr-, Nd- and zircon Hf-isotopic compositions [(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i= 0·7050–0·7164, _Nd(t) = –8·4to –13·6 and _Hf(t) = –5·7 to –16·8]indicate that they were probably generated by shallow dehydrationmelting of biotite- or hornblende-bearing granitoid crustalsource rocks and then mixed with contemporaneous magma froma mantle and/or lower crustal source. Ferroan syenites havedistinct geochemical features from those of the alkaline granitesand rhyolites, suggesting that they were produced by clinopyroxeneand plagioclase fractionation of melt derived from an enrichedmantle source, mixed with lower and upper crustal-derived magmas.The magnesian syenites and trachytes have Sr-, Nd- and zirconHf-isotopic compositions that are distinct from those of theferroan syenites. They were mainly derived from partial meltingof lower crustal materials, mixed with enriched mantle-derivedalkali basaltic magma. The emplacement of an alkali syenite–granite–rhyolitesuite, coeval with the formation of metamorphic core complexesand pull-apart basins in eastern China, indicates they formedin an extensional setting, possibly as a result of lithosphericthinning. KEY WORDS: alkaline rocks; zircon U–Pb dating; petrogenesis; crustal extension; Yanshan Fold and Thrust Belt; North China Craton     

西南三江造山带火山岩—构造组合及其意义

岩石构造组合是指表示板块边界或特定的板块内部环境特征的岩石结合。中国西南“三江”造山带的火山岩可划分为五种火山岩－构造组合：洋脊型／准洋脊型组合，岛弧及陆缘弧组合，碰撞型组合，碰撞后组合及陆内拉张型组合。阐述了各种火山岩－构造组合的特点及构造含义。对在造山带火山岩岩石－构造组合分析中经常遇到的一些问题，如“构造岩片”研究方法、地球化学判别图解的使用条件、准洋脊型火山型组合的构造含义、蛇绿岩带－火山弧的成对性、岩浆作用的同步性和滞后性、以及火山岩的深部“探针”作用等问题进行了讨论。     

燕山造山带构造变形格局研究及相关问题

燕山造山带具有极其复杂的地质结构构造，其复杂性在现有公开出版的地质图件中未能有效地反映出来。从事地学研究的科研人员，以公开出版的地质图件为基础所衍生的相关分析图件和由此作出的结论与野外实际地质情况往往相去甚远。本文作者近年来所做基础地质调查成果显示，基础地质调查成果的缺陷成为制约国家地学科研发展的严重障碍。影响基础地质调查成果质量提高的原因很多，但较为重要的是国家对基础地学科研资金的政策性投入存在问题。     

兴蒙造山带前中生代构造单元划分初探

本文根据古亚洲洋早古生代闭合、晚古生代伸展的观点初步建立了兴蒙造山带早、晚古生代的构造单元。以前寒武纪微陆块为基本划分单位,以它们之间的缝合带或断裂带为界,将兴蒙造山带中泥盆世之前的构造格局划分为"五块四带",从北向南依次为额尔古纳地块、兴安地块、艾力格庙-锡林浩特地块、松辽-浑善达克地块及佳木斯地块;它们之间的4条边界为:新林-喜桂图缝合带、艾力格庙-锡林浩特-黑河缝合带、温都尔庙-吉中-延吉缝合带和牡丹江缝合带。中-晚泥盆世之后兴蒙造山带出现多处陆相及海陆交互相沉积,石炭纪广泛分布陆相及滨浅海相碎屑岩和碳酸盐建造和蛇绿岩、辉长岩、花岗岩及双峰式火山岩,可划分陆相盆地、陆表海盆地、蛇绿岩带、侵入岩带等构造单元。早-中二叠世沉积类型多变,出现陆相、海相和海陆交互相沉积岩系,遍含植物和滨浅海相动物化石,具大量双峰式火山岩,可划分出被动裂谷带、主动裂谷带、陆缘型蛇绿岩带和碱性岩带等构造单元。结尾讨论中指出兴蒙造山带内的放射虫化石不能代表二叠纪存在古亚洲洋,而新的古地磁资料支持至少从晚石炭世以来古亚洲洋已经闭合。     

试论陆内型造山作用──以秦岭-大别山造山带为例

 板块构造学说的大陆碰撞作用和槽台学说的地槽回返作用不能解释秦岭-大别山造山带的成因机制。壳幔拆离构造导致陆内A型俯冲是陆内型造山作用的成因机制。     

敦煌造山带长山子地区变质演化及年代学研究

长山子地区位于敦煌造山带东北部,瓜州南部约100km处。该区主要出露一套中-高级变质表壳岩,主要岩石类型有长英质片麻岩、变泥质麻粒岩、高压基性麻粒岩、斜长角闪片麻岩。高压基性麻粒岩岩块、斜长角闪片麻岩岩块以构造透镜体或布丁(长度为0. 5~15m)的形式,被夹持于长英质片麻岩、变泥质麻粒岩组成的基质之中,呈现典型"基质夹岩块"的混杂带特征。高压基性麻粒岩、斜长角闪片麻岩、泥质麻粒岩中,普遍保留了二至三个阶段的变质矿物组合。进变质阶段矿物组合(M1)为石榴子石变斑晶中的细小矿物包裹体,变质高峰期矿物组合(M2)为石榴子石变斑晶和基质矿物,退变质阶段矿物组合(M3)主要为围绕石榴子石变斑晶边部发育的"白眼圈"状后成合晶。本区各类变质岩石均记录了顺时针型变质作用P-T轨迹,系典型俯冲-碰撞造山带变质作用特征。退变质阶段P-T轨迹属于西阿尔卑斯型,说明变质岩折返速率较快。变质高峰期(M2)属于中压变质相系,P-T条件分别为790~870℃/1.29~1.37GPa(高压基性麻粒岩)、680~685℃/0.89~0.97GPa(斜长角闪片麻岩)、860~880℃/0.90~1.14GPa(变泥质麻粒岩),它们之间存在大的差异。这说明,它们是形成于同一俯冲隧道内不同深度的变质岩石,在构造折返阶段才混杂在一起形成构造混杂岩。二次离子质谱(SIMS)锆石U-Pb定年表明,长山子地区变质杂岩记录了早泥盆世的俯冲事件(419~417Ma)。     

Thermal Evolution of Plutons and Uplift Process of the Yanshan Orogenic Belt

Thermochronological dating was used to study the thermal evolution of the Mesozoic plutons and uplift history of the Yanshan orogenic belt. The results show that the cooling history of the plutons is complicated, corresponding to the inhomogeneous uplift process of the Yanshan orogenic belt. The Panshan granite cooled fast during 226.48-204.95 Ma at a rate of 10.22℃/Ma after its emplacement at a depth of about 10 km, and its fast uplift occurred in about 96-35 Ma at an average rate of 0.115 mm/a. The Wulingshan pluton cooled fast during 132-127.23 Ma at a rate of 94.34℃/Ma, and its rapid uplift occurred in 86-45 Ma at an average rate of 0.186 mm/a. The Yunmengshan granite cooled fast during 143-120.99 Ma at a rate of 19.51℃/Ma, and its rapid uplift occurred in 106-103.95 Ma and 20-0.0 Ma at a rate of 1.06 mm/a and 0.15 mm/a respectively. The Sihetang granite-gneiss uplifted rapidly since 13 Ma at an average rate of 0.256 mm/a. The Badaling granite uplifted rapidly since 6 Ma at an average rate of 0.5     

北天山后峡盆地地质特征及形成演化*

作为北天山造山带内的中生代小型山间盆地,后峡盆地的构造属性及成因演化反映了天山造山带的构造演化历史,是认识天山地区陆块拼合、盆山耦合的重要窗口。文中综合利用野外踏勘、地震解释、平衡剖面恢复等研究手段,对北天山后峡盆地地质特征及其成因演化进行了系统研究。结果表明: (1)天山是后峡盆地侏罗纪的重要物源区,该时期石炭系基底仅为1个水下低突起,并未隆升成山而分隔盆地南、北的侏罗系,现今的后峡残留山间盆地是后期构造运动所致;(2)后峡盆地的形成经历了伸展—挤压的复合应力背景,早侏罗世—中侏罗世早期的弱伸展作用形成断陷盆地,晚侏罗世的强烈挤压作用改造了先前的伸展构造并使盆地定型,喜马拉雅构造期的强烈挤压改造主要表现为地层的抬升剥蚀和构造幅度的变化。该研究成果对明确天山造山带的构造演化及指导相邻盆地油气勘探具有重要意义。     

大别山造山带高压-超高压变质岩的折返过程

高压-超高压变质岩的形成与折返是地球动力学过程,虽人眼不能见及,但在岩石中留下种种记录。本文以大别山为例对高压-超高压变质岩的折返过程进行了探讨。文中(1) 综合构造地质学和地球物理学观测资料,剖析了大别山造山带的结构构造,指出了作为高压-超高压变质岩折返通道的莫霍面断口和折返形成的挤压穹隆地壳结构;(2) 综合变质岩石学P-T-t轨迹研究资料,追踪高压-超高压变质岩在地下的运动轨迹,揭示了其在俯冲-折返过程不同时段经过的深度和运动速率,并指出其向南的折返极性;(3) 结合沉积岩石学研究资料,利用合肥盆地中砾岩成分和碎屑白云母Si含量记录,限定了高压-超高压变质岩折返至地表的时间为中侏罗世前。基于上述资料,本文重建了大别山高压-超高压变质岩的三阶段折返过程,指出大别山包含三个岩片,于230Ma左右分别从不同深度快速折返,折返速率为3~10km/Ma,于210Ma左右进入中地壳,并于180Ma左右快速折返(折返速率为3km/Ma左右) 至上地壳,白垩纪折返速率极慢(0.1km/Ma左右)。

     

北祁连造山带东段上奥陶统一下、中泥盆统砂岩碎屑组分与物源分析

北祁连造山带东部武威斜豪-古浪石城子-靖远水泉-带上奥陶统一下、中泥盆统砂岩碎屑组分源区大地构造背景的判别结果表明,上奥陶统砂岩中的沉积物主要来自弧造山带内的过渡岛弧源区,并且早期可能含有较多的来自未分割岛弧源区的物质,下志留统砂岩中的沉积物主要来自碰撞造山带,而下、中泥盆统砂岩中的沉积物主要来自卷入碰撞造山带内的分割...     

河北围场-隆化一带中生代侵入岩与燕山期造山作用的关系

河北省围场-隆化一带中生代侵入岩分布广泛,其形成与板内造山作用关系密切.在区域地质调查和综合研究的基础上,把该区侵入岩划分为9个岩石谱系超单元.依据不同时代侵入岩的演化规律、就位机制、区域构造格局与演化序列以及地质建造与改造等,可将本区中生代燕山板内造山过程划分为两个侵入岩-造山旋回.第Ⅰ期侵入岩-造山旋回(晚三叠世早期-中侏罗世晚期)由A型侵入岩-伸展构造组合、Ⅰ型侵入岩-收缩构造组合和S型侵入岩-收缩构造组合组成,其相应的造山构造阶段早期呈拉张环境,中期和晚期为挤压;第Ⅱ期侵入岩-造山旋回(晚侏罗世早期-早白垩世晚期)由A型侵入岩-伸展构造组合组成,为断块式造山,形成了盆-山体系.     

桐柏—大别造山带内与脆性—韧性剪切带共生的假玄武玻璃的发现及意义

在桐柏—大别造山带大河镇剪切带中首次发现与碎裂岩和糜棱岩共生的两种不同类型的假玄武玻璃。野外产状及显微结构的研究表明与碎裂岩共生的假玄武玻璃产出于以脆性破裂为主的断层浅部(<15km),而与糜棱岩共生的假玄武玻璃则产出于以韧性变形为主的断层深部(>15 km)。这两种类型的假玄武玻璃均含有熔解起源的自形微晶体,圆形或港湾状的碎片,流动结构和部分玻璃质基质。假玄武玻璃与碎裂岩和糜棱岩共生的现象说明在桐柏—大别造山带形成和隆起过程中同一断层剪切带内大地震重复发生。大河镇假玄武玻璃的研究可对大陆型大地震的发震机制及地壳浅部的脆性变形领域到深部的塑性变形领域的地震断层的破裂过程和力学性质的研究提供重要信息。