共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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十里河是御河的一级支流,两岸遍布大型的国有煤矿和地方煤矿,而御河由北向南纵穿大同市区,做好十里河防洪工作对十里河畔及大同市人民生命财产安全具有重要意义。观音堂水文站是省级重点水文站,属十里河干流控制站,通过对十里河观音堂水文站洪水预报方案进行研究,选择流域水文模拟法,结合12场雨洪资料进行流域产汇流参数率定,初步确定最终模型参数,完成洪水预报方案的编制,在今后的应用中不断优化参数,为大同市防洪工作提供决策性依据。 相似文献
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洮河是黄河上游一条重要河流。岷县水文站是洮河中游控制站,担负着水文资料收集和为当地防汛提供水文情报预报的工作,同时对下游城市及河道水库有洪水预警预报责任。本文结合洮河上、中游流域特性,经过大量实测水文资料分析研究,根据上下游相应水位(流量)预报法建立了流量线性回归关系,由上游下巴沟水文站及区间入流得出关系式为Q岷县=Q上合+3. 91 Q多坝+41用于洮河岷县站洪水预报,经模型精度评定和实际作业预报,取得了令人满意的效果,具有较广的实用价值。 相似文献
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实时洪水预报方法综述 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
实时洪水预报方法综述杨小柳(中国水利水电科学研究院)引言历经半个世纪的发展,见诸文献的实时洪水预报方法多不胜数。本文依据现有方法的特点,将它们划分成不同的流派。这些流派分别在实时洪水预报技术发展的不同时期起到过重要作用,都具有自身的理论和技术特点;在... 相似文献
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在对大辽河的流域概况、防洪标准、水文站网等水文特性进行调查汇总的基础上,对浑河、太子河、海城河合成流量做了模拟预报,并对大辽河的潮汐变化进行了分析,最后给出了大辽河盘锦段洪水预报的方法。 相似文献
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近年来由于经济社会发展的需要,中小型水库在水利行业中尤为重要.在防汛工作中,中小型水库出入库流量的预报精度也更加重要,本文主要阐述了黑山水库的预报方法,由于黑山水库所属河流没有长系列水位、流量、径流量等资料,因此需借用附近水文站的资料.距离黑山水库较近的水文站为岫岩水文站,此站点为国家基本水文站,有长系列水文资料,而且... 相似文献
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近年来,随着计算机科学的发展,人们对应用软件,尤其是用户界面的要求也愈来愈高,黄河洪水情报预报虽然基本实现了计算机作业,但受计算机软,硬件环境限制,现有软件系统的实用性还不尽人意。 相似文献
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漳河水库的洪水预报调度杨常武林善钿赵金河陈崇德(湖北省水利厅)(湖北省漳河工程管理局)漳河水库位于长江中游北岸一级支流沮漳河的东支,是以灌溉为主,兼有防洪、城市供水、发电、水产、航运、旅游等综合效益的大型水利工程。该工程主要由观音寺水库与鸡公尖水库组... 相似文献
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中国洪水预报系统设计建设研究 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
分析了我国洪水预报系统的现状,阐述了中国洪水预报系统的建设的必要性、目标及开发原则,介绍了中国洪水预报系统的软硬件环境、预报模型和方法、预报方案、模型率定、实时作业预报、实用模块、系统管理7部分的设计建设。 相似文献
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Micha Werner Paolo Reggiani Ad De Roo Paul Bates Eric Sprokkereef 《Natural Hazards》2005,36(1-2):25-42
Application of recent advances in numerical weather prediction (NWP) has the potential of allowing delivery of flood warning to extend well beyond the typical lead times of operational flood warning at the river basin scale. A prototype system, a European Flood Forecasting System (EFFS) developed to deliver such pre-warnings, aiming at providing a pre-warning at lead times of between 5 and 10 days is described. Considerable uncertainty in the weather forecast at these lead times, however, means that resulting forecasts must be treated probabilistically, and although probabilistic forecasts may be easy to disseminate, these are difficult to understand. This paper explores the structure of operational flood warning, and shows that integration in the flood warning process is required if the pre-warning is to fulfil its potential. A simple method of summarising the information in the pre-warning is presented, and the system in hindcast mode is shown to give clear indication of an upcoming major event in the Rhine basin up to 10 days before the actual event. Finally recommendations on the use of data assimilation to embed the EFFS system within an operational environment are given. 相似文献
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汾河下游柴庄以下河段由于受人为和处在然等多种因素影响,河道发生持续淤积,过水能力大幅度降低,使河道行洪特点发生很大变化,正常洪水预报方法失效。 相似文献
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淮河息县站流量概率预报模型研究 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
应用美国天气局采用的由Roman Krzysztofowicz开发的贝叶斯统计理论建立概率水文预报理论框架,即以分布函数形式定量地描述水文预报不确定度,研究了淮河息县站流量概率预报模型。理论和经验表明,概率预报至少与确定性预报一样有价值,特别当预报不确定度较大时,概率预报比现行确定性预报具有更高的经济价值。 相似文献
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沱江上游长期洪水预报初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
沱江上游洪水属典型天然河道洪水特性,采用历史洪水系列,分析了厄尔尼诺现象和太阳黑子活动对沱江上游洪水的影响,并通过分析周期变化规律及数理统计分析预报等多种方法,综合分析了各种相关因子对沱江上游三皇庙水文站历年最大流量的影响,从而提高了沱江上游长期洪水预报精度。 相似文献
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综述了淮河流域概况,淮河干流洪水预报系统物采用的预报方法。1991年淮河干流洪水预报采用了降雨径流预报与上,下游站相应流量预防方法相配合,并注重实时水情分析;在行洪区多,行洪后水面宽广而比降又极小的河段的汇流计算,采用了以实测洪水资料绘制的经验蓄曲线为充分发挥的湖泊洪水演算方法。 相似文献
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Md. Rashed Chowdhury 《Natural Hazards》2000,22(2):139-163
Floods are among the most costly natural disasters interms of human sufferings and economic losses inBangladesh. Approximately 20% of the countryexperiences normal annual flooding while all thehistorical catastrophic floods inundated more thanfifty percent of the country's total area. The recentflood in 1998 has been found to be more severe thanall previous floods. During the flooding season of1998, the Flood Forecasting and Warning Center (FFWC)of the Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB)prepared daily flood bulletin and incorporatedinformation about rainfall, rise/fall of riverwater, flood forecasting for 24 and 48 hr inadvance and warning messages (if any). The FFWCattempted to provide adequate services to the localand national level decision-making process. Theforecasting procedure adapted by the FFWC was based onhydrological information, forecaster's experience, andmodel simulation. This paper primarily examines therole and activities of the FFWC, especially in floodforecasting and warning. Identification of the causesand consequences of 1998 flood is the other pertinentarea of discussion of the paper.Findings of this research revealed that the flood of1998 was caused by heavy downpour in the upstream thatwas drained out through the major rivers inBangladesh. Three major rivers' peak was synchronizedand characterized it as the most prolonged flood inthe history of Bangladesh. It also revealed that,despite various limitations, the flood forecasts ofthe FFWC were reasonably adequate to meet nationaldemand during the crises of 1998. 相似文献