贵州省晴隆县王家湾金矿池浸工艺研究

本文对砷、锑含量高的王家湾金矿红土型金矿难处理矿石提金的工艺条件。进行了试验研究。在浸池泡矿工业生产中，先进行洗矿预处理，清除部分砷、锑等有害杂质，然后按一次性加氰化的方法，进行浸池泡矿生产。初步总结出适合该矿浸池泡矿提取金的工艺条件。     

难选金矿石处理新技术

金矿石种类繁多.对于易选矿石,现已有一套比较成熟的处理工艺.而对于难选矿石,例如高砷矿石,其理想的处理方法仍然在研究与试验之中.为启发国内同行加快这方面的研究,下面就笔者在加拿大工作期间所了解的情况,对基本成熟的细菌浸滤法和颇具前景的微波处理法作一介绍. 细菌浸滤法:一般来讲,如金嵌布在毒砂中,回收率只能达到20%;如矿石中含有机炭,金回收率也只能是70%左右.无论上述哪一种情况,都可求助于细菌浸滤法. 生物浸滤的原理是用各种硫化物氧化细菌将硫     

含砷难处理金精矿预处理工艺研究进展

含砷难处理金精矿直接氰化浸出无法取得良好的经济技术指标,需在浸出前对其进行预处理。本文介绍了3种含砷难处理金精矿的预处理工艺,包括氧化焙烧法、热压氧化法、生物氧化法,简要阐述了各工艺的作用机理、研究进展及优缺点,为含砷难处理金精矿预处理提供参考。     

广西难处理金矿固化焙烧氰化提金试验

通过对广西六梅金矿、明山金矿、金牙金矿含高砷高硫难浸金矿石进行固化焙烧-氰化提金的试验研究，获得了砷、硫固定率分别为99.03%、97.04%、97.04%，金浸出率92.35%的较好指标，为这类难浸金矿的开发，展示了一种经济有效的途径。     

石棉地区难处理金矿石浸金工艺初步研究

含有机碳、粘土物质、砷、铜较高的难处理原生硫化金矿石广泛分布于石棉西部地区。多年来该区该类型金矿的选矿一直采用混汞法收金或原矿浮选、产品销售冶炼厂的办法。本文根据矿石特性选择原矿氢氧化钠碱浸预处理→次氯酸钙氧化处理→氰化提金工艺进行探索性试验，获得金浸出率86．9％的结果，为石棉地区该类型金矿石的开发利用开辟了一条新的途径。     

松潘两岔河高砷高锑金矿石氰化提金工业试验

高砷高锑金矿石属难处理矿石之一，通过对两岔河高砷高锑金矿石采用碱浸预处理后进行堆浸和池浸氰化提金试验，获得了金浸出率76．80％和86．76％的较好指标，为该矿床的开发利用提供了一个工艺简单、经济上可行的途径。     

含砷硫化金矿微生物提金试验获得成功

由西安综合岩矿测试中心承担的《含砷硫化金矿微生物提金试验研究》经过一年的试验研究国满完成了任务。今年《月该成果通过了地矿部科技司组织的专家鉴定。该中心的预氧化一浸出试验结果证明，所选用的菌种对含砷硫化物金矿石具有较强的氧化能力，预氧化7天，脱砷率87～98％，金的渣汁氰化浸出率达85％以上，比直接氰化浸出提高了67～70％。菌种的培养、驯化条件试验表明，改良的培养基中细菌的繁殖速度较其它培养基快，对含砷金矿石的氧化效果好；驯化后的细菌可在r（As＋3）为17g／L的溶液中生存，用于含砷13％的金精粉的预氧化，细菌的…     

含砷难浸金矿石中金的提取研究

试验了加入辅助浸金剂高锰酸钾、过氧化钙、过氧化钠或其混合物对含砷难浸金矿石进行氧化,氰化法提金。金的浸出率可达９３．２％,比直接氰化法提金的浸出率提高十余倍。     

含铜、铋和银的金精矿堆浸工艺综合回收试验研究

采用生物氧化技术和化学方法,利用堆浸工艺分步提取,对含Au 140~150 g/t、Ag 900~1 000 g/t、B i 9.0%~10.0%、Cu14%~17%的多金属浮选金精矿的综合回收工艺进行了研究。经小型搅拌试验,确定了生物氧化浸铜—氰化浸金、NaC l-FeC l3-HC l体系(氯盐法)浸出铋和银的技术方法。通过柱浸试验,研究了利用该方法分步浸取Au、Ag、Cu和B i在堆浸工艺中的可行性。在10 t精矿的扩大试验验中,验证了柱浸试验所取得的工艺指标和参数。试验中掺入骨架材料,解决了精矿在堆浸中的渗透问题;生物氧化过程中,菌种在含高浓度铜离子浸出液中反复驯化,对铜的耐受力提高到30 g/L;在NaC l-FeC l3-HC l体系浸出B i和Ag时,用H2O2将浸出液中的Fe2+氧化成Fe3+,使浸出液能循环使用,且B i和Ag同时浸出。Au、Ag、Cu和B i的最终浸出率分别为92.98%、65.09%、45.33%和53.49%。     

甘肃某含锑金矿浮选尾矿工艺矿物学研究

甘肃某金矿石平均含Au 4.3 g/t,为典型的含锑、砷难处理金矿,现场采用"重选-浮选-浮尾氰化"工艺回收Au,但Au的总回收率仅82%左右,浸渣中Au含量高达1.0~1.2 g/t,损失严重。为查明Au损失原因,提高Au回收率,采用矿物解离度分析仪(MLA),并结合传统的光学显微镜分析,对现场的浮选尾矿(氰化浸出给矿)进行了工艺矿物学研究。结果表明,浮选尾矿含Au 2.8 g/t,但Au赋存状态较为复杂,其中仅29.2%的Au以显微金-明金(粒度≥0.1 mm)形式存在,18.8%和48.2%的Au以超次显微金(粒度0.001 mm)形式赋存于辉锑矿、黄铁矿、毒砂等硫化矿物和石英、白云石、高岭石等硅酸盐矿物中,金嵌布粒度较细和包裹金所占比例较高,难以回收,是Au损失的主要原因。根据工艺矿物学研究结果,对可行的回收方案进行了初步研究。     

Experimental Study on the Leaching of Gold from Greenstone1

Abstract Experiments were conducted on the leaching of gold from greenstone by chloride solution under the temperature of 200-550°C and the pressure of 60 MPa. During part of the experiments, the oxygen fugacity was controlled. The results show that the leaching rate of gold is related to temperature, composition of the solution, pH and oxygen fugacity. In the experiment with oxidative acidic solution, the leaching rate was up to 50% or more. It is known that the leaching of gold is restricted by the reaction in which the gold is dissolved from the rock to form gold chloride complex. Therefore, the authors hold that the acidic chloride solution derived from granite magma has caused the remobilization-migration of gold from greenstone and its enrichment into ore.     

北方干旱区表生介质中金存在形式的研究

对北方干旱区表生介质（土壤或水系沉积物）中的金进行了七种存在形式的研究,即自然金相、水溶相、有机相、吸附相、硫化物相、硅酸盐相和铁锰氧化物相。结果表明：金主要以自然金相为主（５０％以上）,其次为水溶相、吸附相和有机相等。水溶相金无论北方干旱气候带,还是南方潮湿气候带都普遍存在。说明不同自然景观区的金矿床,其表生介质中的金具有明显的溶解作用,呈水溶相金的形式进行迁移。当环境物化条件改变时,金沉淀形成局部富集。应用提取水溶相金的技术而制定的野外泡塑吸附金法,金异常衬度大,稳定性好,具有较好的找矿效果。     

原子吸收光谱法测定矿样中金

试样经650℃灼烧,王水（1＋1）冷浸泡分解试样,利用泡沫塑料富集金,采用硫脲溶液解脱金,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定矿样中的金,本法适用岩石矿物中0.05×10-9以上金的测定。     

Gold mineralizing efficiency during hydrothermal alteration of the Mesozoic granitoids in the northwest Jiaodong Peninsula: Contrasting conditions between the Guojialing and Linglong plutons

Mesozoic granitoids were extensively altered by hydrothermal fluids in the northwest Jiaodong Peninsula, and gold precipitated from the fluids developing prevalent mineralization in this district. The 160–158 Ma Linglong granite and 130–120 Ma Guojialing granodiorite are the major Mesozoic granitoids in this district, both of which are hydrothermally altered and intimately associated with gold mineralization. Although numerous studies were carried out by previous researchers, mainly focusing on tectonics, lithology, mineralogy, geochronology, and fluid geochemistry, knowledge about hydrothermal alteration processes of these granitoids and their gold mineralization efficiency (i.e. which one is more effective to precipitate the gold from its parent solution) is far beyond clear illumination. Geochemical simulation software GEM-Selektor (based on the Gibbs energy minimization algorithm) was applied in this study, which aims to test the gold mineralization efficiency of these two granitoids during the hydrothermal alteration processes. Simulation results indicate that solutions in equilibrium with the Linglong granite are capable of hosting more sulfur than that with the Guojialing granodiorite, since the latter contains more Fe. However, the solutions with these two granitoids display similar gold solubility. “Bulk cooling” simulation results show that the gold mineralization pattern is similar between the Linglong and Guojialing case; “Rock titration” simulation results reveal that the Guojialing granodiorite is prone to precipitate gold more strongly than the Linglong granite, as gold-bearing solutions (or ore-forming fluids) flowing-through at high temperature, equivalent to a deeper level, implying that if the gold mineralization is developed at depth, the Guojialing rock will precipitate more gold. If the gold-bearing solution flow-through the wall rocks relatively fast, and gold mineralization fails to take place, then the Guojialing granodiorite is probably unfavorable for subsequent gold enrichment of the ore-forming fluid. The Linglong granite will precipitate the gold more efficiently from its parent solution at low temperature or at a shallower level, and this is consistent with previous mining prospecting results. Therefore, we suggest that the Guojialing granodiorite should be treated as the main target during future deep prospecting project.     

膜生物反应器处理难降解废水的特性研究

膜生物反应器与生物接触氧化法处理难降解废水的对比研究表明,在相同的运行条件下,膜生物反应器比生物接触氧化法具有更稳定的出水水质,其平均出水COD_cr去除率达到88.41%,比接触氧化法提高了近30%;其平均色度去除率达到85.27%,相比接触氧化法,提高了近30%。通过出水分子量组成分析发现,膜出水以分子量介于3 000和10 000之间的物质为主,占总数的88.36%,接触氧化以分子量大于10 000的物质为主,占总物质的72.04%,介于3 000和10 000之间的仅占9.76%。     

Selective extraction of organically bound gold in soils, lake sediments and stream sediments

The extraction of organically bound gold from surficial materials is accomplished by using a solution of 5% sodium hypochlorite. A 10-g sample is digested at least twice with 50 mL of hypochlorite solution. The recovery of gold from the organic phase is nearly quantitative for lake sediments and stream sediments high in organic content. For stream sediments and soils low in organics, the recovery of gold is complicated by the sorption of released gold onto inorganic sample components. For these materials, recoveries as low as 70% of the organically bound gold are possible. For a stream sediment sample containing 53.4 ppb gold, the precision of the method is approximately 6% for a 10-g sample and 14% when a 5-g sample of stream sediment is used. The results obtained for all materials tested indicate that a substantial fraction of the gold found in sediments and soils exists as organically bound gold.     

Oxidative pre-treatment in thiosulphate leaching of sulphide gold ores

A diagnostic leaching showed that partial oxidation of the sulphide minerals in a gold ore was beneficial for thiosulphate leaching of gold. A pre-treatment process with oxidative ammoniacal solution enhanced the thiosulphate leaching of the sulphide ore, while the thiosulphate consumption was substantially reduced. The sulphide minerals partially decomposed in the pre-treatment process, exposing gold to the leach solution. Oxygen input by air bubbling and a longer contact time enhanced the oxidative ammonia pre-treatment process and hence accelerated subsequent thiosulphate leaching of the sulphide ore. Gold extraction in 0.8 M ammonia and 0.1 M thiosulphate solution after 24 h increased from 69% without pre-treatment to 81%, 84%, 90% and 94% respectively after 1, 3, 7 and 22 h pre-treatment. The consumption of sodium thiosulphate was 2.37 kg/t after 24 h leaching without pre-treatment, but was negligible after over 1 h oxidative ammonia pre-treatment. A counter-current leaching process was conducted in the leaching of the sulphide ore. The fresh leachant still gave higher leaching rates in contact with the pre-leached ore, while the pre-used leachant had significantly lower leaching kinetics and overall gold extraction in contact with the fresh ore. This 2-step counter-current leaching process proved that the leachant, other than the passivation, was the determinant factor causing the gold leaching rates to decrease after a certain time of leaching. The findings enable the thiosulphate leaching of high sulphide containing gold ores to be more efficient at lower thiosulphate consumption following the oxidative ammoniacal pre-treatment.     

Z-2000偏振塞曼石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计测定地球化学样品中痕量金

用φ=50%的王水分解样品,聚氨酯泡沫塑料吸附富集金,10g/L硫脲为解脱剂,偏振塞曼石墨炉原子吸收分光光度计测定痕量金。对干燥、灰化、原子化、净化温度和时间,以及载气流量和灯电流强度进行了讨论;对影响金吸附效果的泡塑载体和王水浓度等因素进行了研究。通过实验得到了Z-2000偏振塞曼原子吸收分光光度计最佳石墨炉分析测试条件。方法检出限为0.3ng/g,回收率为95.0%~101.0%,精密度(RSD,n=12)低于8.0%,经国家一级标准物质(GBW07243~GBW07245)分析验证,结果与标准值相符。     

桂东大瑶山地区金矿成矿条件及成因分析

桂东大瑶山地区的金矿主要产于寒武系具浊流沉积特征的浅变质含碳质碎屑岩中,受地层岩性及断层破碎带控制明显,岩浆侵入活动相对较弱,仅出露有加里东期、燕山期及喜山期的中-酸性小岩株和岩脉,除加里东期花岗闪长斑岩破碎带中产有金矿化体或金矿体外,其它各期岩体均未见明显的金矿化.金矿化类型主要为硅化石英脉型和硅化破碎带蚀变岩型.区内的金矿化主要与地层建造有关,成矿物质主要来源于地层,属地下水热液改造破碎带蚀变岩型金矿.     

Role of Iron(III) and Aluminum Hydroxides in Concentration/reduction of Au(III) Complexes

Abstract: The adsorption of gold on iron(III) and aluminum hydroxides from solutions containing Au(III) complexes has been studied as a function of pH and chloride concentration at 30C. Iron(III) hydroxide was more effective in adsorbing gold from solution than aluminum hydroxide. However, both hydroxides controlled the behavior of Au(III) complex with very similar manner. The most effective gold adsorption occurred in aqueous solution with near neutral pH and low Cl concentration. In this solution condition, Au(III) complexes were mainly dissolved as AuCl₂(OH)₂^- and AuCl(OH)₃^-, and the surface charge for both hydroxides was positive. In addition, the adsorbed Au(III) complexes were spontaneously reduced to elemental gold in spite of the absence of a specific reducing agent.
The results of this study suggest that adsorption and spontaneous reduction of gold complexes on the surface of hydrous metal oxides with positive charge play an important role in gold precipitation in subsurface environment.