西准噶尔萨吾尔地区主要矿床类型及成矿规律

本文基于萨吾尔地区目前发育的主要矿床(点)吐尔库班套铜镍矿点、阔尔真阔腊金铜矿床、布尔克斯岱金矿床、罕哲尕能铜矿床、塔斯特金矿床、黑山头金矿点、那林卡拉铜钼矿点等的研究,分析了区域矿化类型及成矿规律。认为萨吾尔地区矿床成因类型可分为三类,岩浆Cu-Ni硫化物矿床、斑岩型-浅成低温热液型Au-Cu-Mo矿床、与中酸性侵入岩有关的构造蚀变岩型Au矿床。矿化以Au、Cu矿化为主,Cu-Ni、Mo矿化次之。成矿时代分布在中泥盆世、早石炭世、晚石炭世,集中于早石炭世(354~336Ma)。空间上,岩浆Cu-Ni硫化物矿床分布于萨吾尔北部科克森套地区,斑岩型-浅成低温热液型Au-Cu-Mo矿床、与中酸性侵入岩有关的构造蚀变岩型Au矿床主要分布于萨吾尔山南部。成矿构造背景分别对应于区域中泥盆世岛弧环境、早石炭世岛弧环境、晚石炭世碰撞造山后环境。区域成矿规律显示了进一步的找矿潜力:萨吾尔北部科克森套地区发育的镁铁-超镁铁岩体的岩浆Cu-Ni硫化物矿床的找矿潜力;阔尔真阔腊-布尔克斯岱地区斑岩型-浅成低温热液型金铜矿床的找矿潜力;区域晚石炭世-早二叠世斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床的找矿潜力;萨吾尔断裂及其次级断裂控制范围内的Au-Cu找矿潜力。     

准北海西期火山岩型浅成低温热液金矿床地质特征及成矿模式

阔尔真阔腊金矿床是准北地区首次发现并确认的海西期火山岩型浅成低温热液金矿床，也是准北区带项目金矿地质找矿研究的重要成果之一。它形成于海西期萨吾尔山古岛弧构造环境，并与富钠质安山岩建造、中性侵入一次火山杂岩体以及钠长斑岩脉存在着密切的时空关系和内在的成因联系。     

准北海西期火山岩型浅成低温热液金矿床地质特征及成矿模式

阔尔真阔腊金矿床是准北地区首次发现并确认的海西期火山岩型浅成低温热液金矿床，也是准北区带项目金矿地质找矿研究的重要成果之一。它形成于海西期萨吾尔山古岛弧构造环境，并与富钠质安山岩建造、中性侵入一次火山杂岩体以及钠长斑岩脉存在着密切的时空关系和内在的成因联系。     

新疆萨吾尔金矿带40Ar-39Ar年龄及其意义

利用石英 4 0 Ar-39Ar同位素年代学方法对萨吾尔金矿带中两个重要的金矿床进行了成矿年龄测定。阔尔真阔腊金矿床主成矿年龄为3 3 2 .0 5± 2 .0 2 Ma～ 3 3 2 .5 9± 0 .5 1Ma,布尔克斯岱金矿床主成矿年龄为 3 3 5 .5 3± 0 .3 2 Ma～ 3 3 6.78± 0 .5 0 Ma,二者的成矿时代一致 ,且与金矿带内钙碱性火山岩年龄 (3 43± 2 2 Ma)相近 ,这为解决长期存在的萨吾尔金矿带中两个主要金矿床成矿时代及矿床成因问题提供了有力的证据 ,同时还确定了海西期阿尔泰地区除已知的两期成矿作用 (早泥盆世和晚石炭世—二叠纪两期构造 -岩浆成矿作用 )外 …     

γ能谱法和X-荧光法在新疆阔尔真阔腊金矿预测中的应用

使用伽玛能谱法和X—荧光法组合在残积土发育的新疆阔尔真阔腊金矿床找矿预测中的应用实践表明，这两种方法组合是一种简便、快速、有效的间接找金方法。不同类型的蚀变带，具有不同的伽玛能谱和X—荧光特征。二者的结合使用能有效地区分不同类型的热液蚀变带，同时为在阉尔真阔腊金矿区及外围进行金矿体的定位预测提供了十分有意义的资料。     

新疆准噶尔地区富硫型与贫硫型浅成低温热液金矿床成矿流体与碳、硫、铅同位素

对新疆准噶尔地区浅成低温热液型金矿床中富硫型的阔尔真阔腊金矿、贫硫型的石英滩金矿进行了流依包裹体的均一温度、爆裂温度、包裹体气液相成分、H、O 同位素、矿体围岩及脉石英包裹体 C 同位素、矿体中黄铁矿等 S、Ph 同位素等系统地进行了研究,综合研究表明,本区该类型金矿成矿流体一般温度低、盐度低,来源主要为循环的大气水、矿石中黄铁矿的 S、Pb 同位素均为深源,暗示金的深部来源:矿体石英包裹体中 CO_2的δ~(13)C 为低于-10‰的有机碳,反映了本区年轻的富含有机质的沉积地层参与了金的成矿。此外,本文首次提出了富硫型阔尔真阔腊金矿床成矿流体中有侵入岩浆热液参与,深部有多金属成矿远景;贫硫型石英滩金矿没有侵入岩浆热液的参与,成矿仅与火山古热液活动有关,其成矿较单一。此外,阔尔真阔腊金矿中低温流体活动较强,金矿化也较强:石英滩金矿低温流体活动相对较弱,金矿化也较弱,也体现了该类型金矿床低温流体活动的越强烈,金矿化越强的规律。     

阔尔真阔腊金矿床地质地球化学特征

阔尔真阔腊金矿是８０年代后期新疆萨吾尔山发现的金矿床。该矿床形成于海西晚期岛弧环境,矿化赋存在次火山岩及隐爆角砾岩中,矿化富集受断裂控制。岩石化学、包裹体地球化学和稳定同位素地球化学特征研究表明,成矿物质主要来自地壳深部,成矿流体人混合来源,成矿与海西晚期中－基性火山岩浆分异演化有关。     

新疆准噶尔地区金矿床成矿流体稀土元素地球化学特征

新疆准噶尔地区出现大量不同类型金矿床，为了探讨它们的成因，为金矿床的找矿勘探提供依据。笔者进行了哈图、包谷图、阔尔真阔腊、科克萨依等金矿床包裹体流体中稀土元素及同位素等研究。结果表明，尽管它们成矿形式不同，规模不等，但它们的金均主要来自深源，并有地层物质参与。其中哈图金矿石英脉型矿体与蚀变岩型矿体是两种不同来源的流体叠加成矿，石英脉型矿体主要与哈图岩体岩浆流体关系密切，蚀变岩型矿体与深源流体有关。包谷图、阔尔真阔腊金矿矿、科克萨依金矿成矿流体主要来源于深源，成矿过程中受到浅成流体的综合影响。矿物包裹体流体的稀土元素特征主要反映了原始成矿流体来源，矿物的稀土元素特征可能较多地体现了矿床特有的后期地质作用，这在今后研究中将进一步探讨。     

新疆萨吾尔山阔尔真阔腊浅成低温热液型金矿床

阔尔真阔腊金矿床是准北地区首次确认的海西期浅成低温热液型金矿床。该矿床已具有中型规模，属于酸性硫酸盐型。其矿化蚀变化带可划分为硫酸盐带、硫化物带和碳酸盐带。     

砷、汞、锑、金矿床铊的赋存状态、成矿模式与找矿标志

研究表明,在砷、汞、锑、金矿床中普遍含有较高的铊,并发现富铊雄黄矿和铊单矿物。铊亲硫和亲石地球化学性质决定铊赋存形式。在岩矿石中铊主要呈单矿物,分散状态铊占次要地位。根据富铊雄黄矿床成矿特点,铊赋存状态,岩矿石中铊含量及其与砷、汞、锑、金相关关系,尝试性提出成矿模式和找矿标志。岩矿石中铊含量>10×10~(-6),5×10~(-6)—10×10~(-6),1×10~(-6)—5×10~(-6),分别为矿床、矿田和矿带的找矿标志。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861