Spatio-temporal stress states estimated from seismicity rate changes in the Tokai region, central Japan

Since unprecedented large-scale silent slip was detected by GPS in 2001 in the Tokai region, evaluating whether such movement is uniquely connected to the expected Tokai earthquake or repeatedly occurs in this area becomes vitally important. Because of short history of GPS observations and the limited areal coverage surrounding the Suruga trough, we take advantage of continuously recorded seismicity that is presumed to be sensitive to the deformation at seismogenic depth. Together with the well-maintained NIED earthquake data, we employ the seismicity-to-stress inversion approach of rate/state friction to infer the spatio-temporal stress changes in and around the presumed hypocentral zone of the future Tokai earthquake. Mapping stress changes inverted from microseismicity year by year, we find that the stress under Lake Hamana, the western expected future Tokai source, has been decreasing since 1999, during which the GPS data showed a normal trend of plate coupling. In contrast, stresses in the surrounding regions are calculated to have increased by transfer from Lake Hamana region. We interpret that this continuous process is associated with the 2000–2004 Tokai slow slip event. The characteristic patterns related to aseismic stress-release are also identified in the early 1980s and during 1987–1989, when slow events are inferred to have occurred on the basis of conventional geodetic measurements. Revisiting the seismotectonics and taking into account the mechanical implications of the inversion results, we argue that the transition zone situated between a deep stable creeping zone and a locked zone undergoes episodic creep and plays an important role in the transfer of stress to the locked zone. Consequently, even though we speculate that the current (2000 to present-day) silent slip event might be one of the repeating events, the inferred enlargement of the stress releasing area is significant and possibly raises the likelihood of the next Tokai earthquake.     

Seismicity anomaly scenario prior to the major recurrent earthquakes off the east coast of Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan

This paper is concerned with the intermediate-term prediction of the forthcoming M7.4–8.2 earthquake on the plate boundary, off the east coast of Miyagi Prefecture, northern Japan, which has the highest occurrence probability among the long-term forecasted events announced to the public. Seismicity and aftershocks in the regions of stress-shadow preceding each of the previous ruptures in 1936 and 1978 shows significantly lower activity than the predicted rate by the ETAS model (the relative quiescence) during some years preceding the events, whereas the seismicity is normal or even activated in the regions of neutral or increasing Coulomb failure stress (CFS), which leads to the scenario based on the likely precursory slip within or near the source. Assuming such a scenario, a number of sequences of earthquakes or aftershocks during 1979–2004 from various regions in northern Japan are selected to analyze them by fitting the ETAS model. Then the results are examined in relation to the CFS increments in the considered regions using the source models of the 1793, 1936 and 1978 interplate ruptures, and additionally the source model of recently occurred 2003 Miyagi-Ken-Oki intra-slab earthquake of M7.1. It is likely that the results of the normal activity and relative quiescence in the respective activities are due to the preslip of the intra-slab earthquake rather than the preslip of the expected rupture on the plate boundary.     

Structural architecture and tectonic evolution of the Maghara inverted basin,Northern Sinai,Egypt

Large NE–SW oriented asymmetric inversion anticlines bounded on their southeastern sides by reverse faults affect the exposed Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary rocks of the Maghara area (northern Sinai). Seismic data indicate an earlier Jurassic rifting phase and surface structures indicate Late Cretaceous-Early Tertiary inversion phase. The geometry of the early extensional fault system clearly affected the sense of slip of the inverted faults and the geometry of the inversion anticlines. Rift-parallel fault segments were reactivated by reverse slip whereas rift-oblique fault segments were reactivated as oblique-slip faults or lateral/oblique ramps. New syn-inversion faults include two short conjugate strike-slip sets dissecting the forelimbs of inversion anticlines and the inverted faults as well as a set of transverse normal faults dissecting the backlimbs. Small anticline–syncline fold pairs ornamenting the steep flanks of the inversion anticlines are located at the transfer zones between en echelon segments of the inverted faults.     

2023年8月6日山东德州平原M 5. 5地震同震变形及地震活动性变化数值模拟

2023年8月6日,山东省德州市平原县发生M 5. 5地震,造成了严重的经济损失,打破了山东省近40年未发生M≥5. 0地震的平静期。平原地震震中区域人口稠密,经济发展迅速,其引起的区域地震活动性变化与未来强震发生的可能性是社会关注的热点。本文通过有限元数值模拟方法,建立三维模型研究震中孕震环境及其邻区同震形变应力场,利用假定破裂模型模拟地震同震位错,根据库仑应力变化理论探究周围区域地震活动性变化。结果表明,本次地震主要形变集中于发震断层10 km范围内,震中位置库仑应力下降超过500 kPa,未来短期内强震发生概率不大。平原地震对附近地震活动性造成了一定影响,可能促进了北部走滑型中小震活动,抑制了西侧正断型地震的发生。对于华北平原及邻近断层地震活动性变化仍需要更长时间地震数据和更深入的研究工作。     

Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics of the Utanobori Gold Deposit in Northern Hokkaido,Japan

The Utanobori gold deposit is a low‐sulfidation, epithermal vein‐type deposit located in northern Hokkaido, Japan. The deposit is hosted by conglomerate, sandstone, and tuff of the Middle to Late Miocene Esashi Formation. These rocks were hydrothermally altered. Silica sinters and quartz‐adularia veins are common in the deposit. The quartz‐adularia veins either contain a ginguro band, which corresponds to the main gold‐bearing vein (Type 1 Veins), or do not contain a ginguro band but contain minor adularia (Type 2 Veins). Type 1 Veins are divided into three stages with 12–14 substages. Ore minerals identified include electrum, naumannite, chlorargyrite, bromargyrite, an unidentified Fe‐Sb mineral, and an Fe‐(Sb)‐As mineral. These ore minerals formed in the main mineralization stages I (bands I‐b and I‐d) and II (band II‐a). Scanning electron microscopy with cathodoluminescence images show that cathodoluminescence‐dark microcrystalline quartz exhibiting colloform (ghost‐sphere) texture is closely associated with ore minerals in the Type 1 Vein and Type 2 Vein, and the Al and K contents of such quartz are commonly >1000 ppm. This indicates that the ore minerals were crystallized from alkaline, silica‐saturated fluids at temperatures <200°C, which initially deposited amorphous silica that was recrystallized to microcrystalline quartz. The average Au content of electrum is 52.5 at% Au (n = 10), 65.7 at% Au (n = 20), and 55.5 at% Au (n = 5) in bands I‐b, I‐d, and II‐a, respectively, of Type 1 Veins. The δ³⁴S_CDT values of two fine‐grained disseminated pyrites in the altered conglomerate and bedded tuff in the argillic altered zone are ?4.3 and ?4.2‰. Ar‐Ar dating on adularia yielded 13.6 ± 0.06 Ma, 13.6 ± 0.07 Ma, and 13.6 ± 0.06 Ma for the stages I, II, and III of the Type 1 Vein, respectively. K‐Ar ages determined on adularia in the silica sinter and on whole‐rock of glassy rhyolite of the Esashi Formation are 15.0 ± 0.4 Ma and 14.6 ± 0.4 Ma, respectively. These radiometric ages indicate that silica sinter associated with the rhyolitic volcanic rocks formed prior to the main gold mineralization.     

Tomographic imaging of hydrated crust and mantle in the subducting Pacific slab beneath Hokkaido, Japan: Evidence for dehydration embrittlement as a cause of intraslab earthquakes

We estimate detailed three-dimensional seismic velocity structures in the subducting Pacific slab beneath Hokkaido, Japan, using a large number of arrival-time data from 6902 local earthquakes. A remarkable low-velocity layer with a thickness of ~ 10 km is imaged at the uppermost part of the slab and is interpreted as hydrated oceanic crust. The layer gradually disappears at depths of 70–80 km, suggesting the breakdown of hydrous minerals there. We find prominent low-velocity anomalies along the lower plane of the double seismic zone and above the aftershock area of the 1993 Kushiro-oki earthquake (M7.8). Since seismic velocities of unmetamorphosed peridotite are much higher than the observations, hydrous minerals are expected to exist in the lower plane as well as the hypocentral area of the 1993 earthquake. On the other hand, regions between the upper and lower planes, where seismic activity is not so high compared to the both planes, show relatively high velocities comparable to those of unmetamorphosed peridotite. Our observations suggest that intermediate-depth earthquakes occur mainly in regions with hydrous minerals, which support dehydration embrittlement hypothesis as a cause of earthquake in the subducting slab.     

喜马拉雅造山带东构造结南迦巴瓦岩群地质年代学和前寒武纪构造演化

位于喜马拉雅造山带东构造结,印度-雅鲁藏布江缝合带以南的南迦巴瓦岩群经历了高压变质作用和强烈的部分熔融与混合岩化作用.本文选择广泛分布的长英质片麻岩进行了岩石学和年代学研究.除个别岩石保存了由石榴石 蓝晶石 三元长石 石英组成的高压泥质麻粒岩相变质矿物组合以外,大多数片麻岩具有角闪岩相变质矿物组合,它们的原岩包括闪长岩和花岗闪长岩,并具有岩浆弧花岗岩的化学成分特征.片麻岩中的锆石普遍具有核-边结构.SARIMP和LA-ICP-MS原位分析表明,锆石的边缘给出了古生代至新生代的多期变质和岩浆事件年龄(500～10Ma),而锆石的核部给出了前寒武纪年龄,但主要集中在～2500Ma,～1800Ma,～1600Ma和～1000Ma.所分析的锆石区域具有明显的岩浆结晶环带和高的Th/U比值,表明它们所指示的是多期岩浆活动事件年代.这些年代峰值与整个高喜马拉雅结晶杂岩及印度陆块所获得的前寒武纪构造热事件年龄及分布特征基本上可以对比.因此,我们认为南迦巴瓦岩群及高喜马拉雅结晶杂岩的原岩是由新太古代至新元古代形成的多期岩浆岩组成,并作为印度陆块的一部分经历了Columbia、Rodinia和Gondwana超大陆的形成与裂解过程,以及喜马拉雅期的区域变质与岩浆作用再造.     

金山金矿K—Ar年龄及其对赣东北构造演化的指示意义

金山金矿位于我国著名的德兴铜金矿集区内，是一个与韧性剪切带有关的金矿床。成矿流体作用过程的水－岩反应产物伊利石K－Ar年龄的测试结果表明，金山金矿地区存在着明显的晚古生代构造热事件，金山金矿的成矿作用与这次热事件活动有关，成矿年龄为269．9－317．9Ma；燕山期岩浆活动对金山金矿的影响不太明显。结合前人的研究成果，认为赣东北地区甚至整个华南地区在海西期不仅有明显的岩浆活动，而且海西期也是一次重要的金矿成矿期。     

Climate and vegetation in Hokkaido, northern Japan, since the LGM: Pollen records from core GH02-1030 off Tokachi in the northwestern Pacific

Vegetation and climate since the LGM in eastern Hokkaido were investigated based on a pollen record from marine core GH02-1030 from off Tokachi in the northwestern Pacific. We also examined pollen spectra in surface samples from Sakhalin to compare and understand the climatic conditions of Hokkaido during the last glacial period. Vegetation in the Tokachi region in the LGM (22–17 ka) was an open boreal forest dominated by Picea and Larix. During the last deglaciation (17–10 ka), vegetation was characterized by abundant Betula. In the Kenbuchi Basin, central Hokkaido, a remarkable increase of Larix and Pinus occurred in the LGM and the last deglaciation, which was assigned as the “Kenbuchi Stadial.” Comparison of climatic data between the core GH02-1030 and that of Kenbuchi Basin demonstrates that variations in temperature and precipitation were larger in inland Hokkaido than in the maritime area of the Pacific coast. During the LGM in the Tokachi region, the August mean temperature was about 5 °C lower, and annual precipitation was about 40% lower than today. In the Kenbuchi Basin, central Hokkaido, the August mean temperature was about 8 °C lower, and annual precipitation was half that of today. During the last deglaciation, August mean temperatures were about 3 °C lower, and annual precipitation was about 30% lower than today in the Tokachi region. In the Kenbuchi Basin, August mean temperatures were about 5–8 °C lower, and annual precipitation was about 40–60% lower than today. Cold ocean water and a strengthened summer monsoon after 15 ka may have resulted in the formation of advection fogs, reduced summer temperatures, and a decrease in the seasonal temperature difference in the Tokachi district, which established favorable maritime conditions for Betula forests.     

青藏高原及其周围地区区域应力场与构造运动特征

本文系统解析并分析了1931年8月-2005年10月期间青藏高原及其周围发生的905个震级M4．5-8．5地震的震源机制结果,研究了青藏高原岩石圈的区域应力场与构造运动特征。结果表明,来自印度板块的北北东或北东方向的水平挤压应力控制了青藏高原及其周缘地区的岩石圈应力场。从喜马拉雅到贝加尔湖以南包括中国西部的广大范围内,主压应力P轴的水平分量位于近NE-SW方向,形成了一个广域的NE-SW方向的挤压应力场。特别是青藏高原周缘地区,除其东部边缘外,南部的喜马拉雅山前沿以及青藏高原的北部、西部边缘地区所发生的绝大部分地震都属于逆断层型或走滑逆断层型地震,表现出周缘地区的水平挤压应力更为强势。应力场特征充分表明, 印度板块的北上运动,以及它与欧亚板块之间的碰撞,所形成的挤压应力场是青藏高原强烈隆起的直接原因。在青藏高原周缘地区受到强烈挤压应力场控制的同时,有大量正断层型地震集中发生在青藏高原中部海拔4000m以上的地区,其中许多地震是纯正断层型地震。震源机制结果显示,近E-W向或WNW-ESE向的水平扩张应力控制着该区的岩石圈应力场;正断层型地震的断层走向多为南北方向,断层位错矢量的水平分量大体位于近东西方向。这表明青藏高原中部高海拔地区存在着近东西方向的扩张构造运动,且扩张构造运动是该区引张应力场的作用结果。其动力学原因可能与持续隆升的高原自重增大引起的重力崩塌及其周边区域构造应力状况有关。研究青藏高原存在挤压应力场与引张应力场及其构造运动的区域特征,对于认识青藏高原形成、发展的地球动力学机制,有着极其重要的意义。     

Origin of Plagioclase Lherzolite from the Nikanbetsu Peridotite Complex, Hokkaido, Northern Japan: Implications for Incipient Melt Migration and Segregation in the Partially Molten Upper Mantle

The Nikanbetsu peridotite complex, Hokkaido, Japan, is composedof mainly fertile lherzolite, which shows several lines of evidencefor incipient partial melting in the spinel–plagioclasefacies. There are petrological, textural and mineral chemicalvariations in plagioclase-free and -bearing lherzolites fromthe base to the top of the complex within the total thicknessof 1400 m. Two-pyroxene and spinel symplectites occur only atthe base of the complex. Mass-balance calculations on theirbulk compositions suggest that they lost the Al component frompyropic garnet. The Wo content of orthopyroxene cores continuouslyincreases, whereas the Al content decreases from the base upward.Ca–Na zoning patterns of plagioclase in the plagioclaselherzolites characteristically change from W-shaped patternsat the base to oscillatory patterns in the upper part of thecomplex. These lines of petrological, textural and mineral chemicalevidence indicate that incipient partial melting occurred everywherein the complex, with an increase in the degree of melting fromthe base toward the top, in proportion to a monotonous riseof the equilibrium temperature from 1100°C to 1250°C.The systematics of plagioclase zoning provides evidence forsimultaneous incipient partial melting, melt migration, decompressionand melt crystallization in the ascending upper-mantle rocks. KEY WORDS: melt migration; oscillatory zoning; partial melting; plagioclase lherzolite; symplectite     

鄂尔多斯临兴西区深煤层地应力场特征及应力变化分析

大小及方向对深部煤层气开发影响显著。以鄂尔多斯东缘临兴西区为对象, 基于实 验测试、井壁崩落法和断层摩擦系数地应力法,分析了三向主应力方向与大小,阐释了基本特征及其空间发育规律。结果显示：8号煤层垂向应力介于44.94 ~ 50.46 MPa,平均48.47MPa;水平最大主应力介于35.16 ~ 44.53 MPa,平均40.62MPa;水平最小主应力介于28.79~39.45 MPa,平均33.02MPa。9号煤层垂向应力介于45.03~ 50.46 MPa,平均48.57MPa;水平最大主应力介于35.33~44.53 MPa,平均40.69MPa;水平最小主应力介于29.01 ~ 39.45 MPa,平均33.11MPa。误差分析显示此地应力计算结果可靠。三向地应力大小与埋深呈正相关关系。在垂向上,三向地应力相对大小表现出明显分带性,即埋深＜1000m左右为Sh＜Sv＜SH为特征的剪切型地应力带、埋深介于1000~1800m 表现为Sh＜SH＜Sv过渡带、埋深>1800m左右表现为Sh＜SH＜Sv为特征的正断型地应力带。在平面上,地应力在平面上总体呈西北部低、中部与南部高、其余地区适中,主要在T-23-2井和T-19井区存在应力低值带。最大水平主应力地应力方向主要以EW-NEE向为主。地应力场的阐释将为研究区深煤层储层物性评价、勘探选区及钻完井工程设计提供地质参考。     

苏鲁-大别造山带岩石圈应力场、构造运动特征以及超高压变质带折返机制的研究

苏鲁-大别造山带是华北、华南地块之间的大地构造交界带.本文分析研究了我国东部地区的3000余年的地震活动性,并根据1918～2006年问苏鲁-大别及其周围地区发生的1000余个地震的震源机制解,系统研究了地壳应力场和构造运动的区域特征,探讨了超高压变质带的折返机制.结果表明,苏鲁带以及华北地区受到太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲挤压的同时,受到从贝加尔湖经过大华北直到琉球海沟的广阔地域里存在着的统一的、方位为170°的引张应力场的控制.右旋走滑运动是苏鲁地区和郯庐断裂带的现代构造运动的主要特征.地震发生类型多为右旋走滑型或右旋走滑正断层型地震.华南地区构造应力场主要表现为,受北西西向运动的菲律宾板块向欧亚板块碰撞挤压运动所产生的方位为110～120°挤压应力的控制.华北、华南地块之间现代地壳应力场的分界线,西部与秦岭带大致相符,在大别东开始则逐渐偏离大地构造,到黄山附近向东南偏转,在温州附近转为向东延伸,最终穿过东海直至琉球海沟.研究结果还表明,苏鲁-大别超高压变质带的折返运动机制,即致使大量超高压变质岩折返到上地壳或地表的岩石圈应力场背景原因为,中生代以来大华北地区存在着较强扩张应力场的主控作用.此外,岩石圈地幔的蘑菇云构造增强了华北地区扩张应力场及扩张构造运动,导致形成大量深裂谷、裂隙,深部物质上涌.苏鲁及东大别地带处于或接近蘑菇云构造运动发育地区的中心,深部地幔物质的上涌导致并加剧了超高压变质岩折返到上地壳或地表,形成了世界著名的苏鲁-别超高压变质带.     

Rupture mechanism of the 1993 Killari earthquake, India: constraints from aftershocks and static stress change

The Killari earthquake of September 29, 1993 (Mw=6.2) in peninsular India triggered several aftershocks that were recorded by a network of 21 stations. We computed the change in regional static stress caused by coseismic slip on the earthquake rupture and correlated it with the aftershocks with a view to constrain some of the rupture parameters of this earthquake. We evaluated the six available estimates of fault plane solutions for this earthquake and concluded that reverse slip on a 42° dipping, N112° trending fault, which extends up to the surface from a depth of 7 km, produces maximum correlation between the increased static stress and aftershock distribution. Our analysis suggests that the majority of coseismic slip occurred on the part of the rupture that lies in the depth range of 3–6.5 km.     

青藏高原柴达木盆地新生代沉积充填速率演化 及其对构造隆升的响应

压实作用可能会对地层的真实厚度和沉积速率造成影响,因而需要进行矫正,但在实际研究中很少考虑这些影响。通过对柴达木盆地东北缘大红沟剖面新生代地层古厚度的恢复,原始沉积速率的详细研究及盆地内其它剖面研究资料的对比,发现该区52～13Ma间至少存在3次大规模的构造隆升事件,时间分别在约49.5Ma、45.5～33Ma、25～16Ma,揭示了柴达木盆地北缘沉积演化和南祁连山隆起的过程,发现经矫正后的沉积速率峰值与前人所总结的新生代青藏高原隆升期可以较好地对比,为探讨青藏高原构造隆升过程及沉积速率对其发展的响应提供重要的信息。     

赞皇变质杂岩区西南部斜长角闪岩的地球化学、变质演化研究及其构造意义

赞皇变质杂岩位于华北克拉通中部造山带中南段, 阜平杂岩以南, 太古代变质岩石在该杂岩区仅有零星出露。目前研究发现, 在赞皇变质杂岩的西南部地区亦有太古代(含榴) 斜长角闪岩出露, 且与东南部的斜长角闪岩具有类似的地球化学性质, 其原岩为亚碱性玄武质岩石, 形成于岛弧构造环境。岩石中石榴石保留微弱的进变质生长环带, 且记录了进变质、峰期变质和退变质三个阶段的矿物组合。不同阶段的温压估算结果分别为：进变质阶段约679℃和8.4kbar, 高峰期变质条件位于高角闪岩相, 最高温度超过702℃、最高压力大于9.3kbar, 退变质阶段温度为633~636℃、压力为5.2~5.4kbar。该地区含榴斜长角闪岩拥有典型的顺时针近等温减压型(ITD) 的变质作用P-T轨迹, 推测赞皇变质杂岩可能卷入了华北克拉通东部陆块和西部陆块之间的俯冲-碰撞-快速隆升过程。同时, 早期进变质作用阶段信息的保留为俯冲过程的存在提供了新的证据。

     

胶-辽-吉构造带中段古元古代辽河群早期构造事件(D_1)中构造要素几何学特征及其动力学来源

华北克拉通东部陆块中胶-辽-吉构造带在古元古代经历了复杂的变形-变质-岩浆事件。前人工作中,对于辽河群早期构造事件(D_1)的形成背景还存在较大的争议。本文针对辽河群第一期变形(D_1)中产生的各种构造要素,进行了详细的野外构造解析工作。D_1中构造要素主要包括了透入性面理S_1、褶皱F_1及其剪切带SZ_1。其中变泥质岩透入性S1面理劈理域主要由石英、云母、长石和石榴子石等矿物定向排列组成,矿物组合显示了绿片岩相变质作用。F_1褶皱包含了紧闭褶皱、倒转褶皱、鞘褶皱和平卧褶皱等。与D_1相关构造要素的几何学及其运动学特征都指示了D_1形成于挤压环境的动力学背景。此外,研究区辽河群内不仅可以观察到大量的倒转地层,还可见与第一期构造事件(D_1)相关的逆冲断层及其断层相关褶皱,同样指示了D_1形成于挤压环境。结合区域上变质作用和岩浆作用的资料,本研究认为:(1)南、北辽河群中泥质岩及其基性岩都经历了顺时针的P-T-t演化轨迹,M_2变质级别达到了中压环境,过程与地壳的挤压增厚相关,而不是与裂谷过程的低压变质作用相关;(2)花岗岩和基性岩的地球化学和年代学特征显示了胶-辽-吉构造带中段古元古代经历了俯冲作用的影响。综上,辽河群早期构造事件(D_1)受到俯冲挤压的影响,形成于俯冲(造山)背景。     

滹沱河中游河道带150 ka以来沉积环境演化及其对气候变化的响应

古河道记载了地质历史时期区域水系结构和沉积环境的演变信息,对复原古环境、水系变迁规律等具有重要理论意义。依托滹沱河冲洪积扇扇中古河道带上的一个第四纪钻孔（L2）,基于详细的岩性特征、粒度参数和光释光年龄数据,文章深入分析了古河道发育的期次和时段,探讨了滹沱河中游古河道带150 ka以来的沉积环境演变过程及其对气候变化的响应。结果表明：研究区150 ka以来的沉积环境演化主要表现为三期古河道发育期与两期河流稳定期的交替,与深海氧同位素阶段及其指示的气候冷暖变化有很好的对应关系。其中三期古河道发育期分别对应于深海氧同位素第2、4、6阶段及其指示的气候冷期,两期河流稳定期对应于深海氧同位素第3、5阶段及其指示的气候暖期。第三期古河道（118~151 ka）是由距今150 ka的共和运动引起的构造抬升与倒数第二次冰期冷干气候的共同作用形成;第二期古河道（36~76 ka）是区域间歇性构造抬升与气候变化共同作用的结果;而第一期古河道（5~26 ka）则是末次盛冰期气候变化的产物。     

南澜沧江构造带景洪怕冷岩体锆石U-Pb年龄、Lu-Hf同位素特征及其对古特提斯构造演化的约束

景洪怕冷岩体位于景洪市大勐龙镇西侧,该岩体以闪长岩为主,内部包裹了辉长岩、角闪岩、辉石岩、角闪橄榄岩等小型岩体。利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb法对怕冷岩体中的辉长岩、黑云英云闪长岩和斜长角闪岩进行精确定年,获得其结晶年龄分别为252.5±1.6 Ma、264.3±2.0 Ma和273.6±1.9 Ma,表明该岩体的形成时代为中—晚二叠世。与该构造带上的其他岩体相比,形成时代较晚,可能为洋盆俯冲晚期岩浆流动分异作用较弱形成。全岩主量和微量元素研究表明,闪长岩和辉长岩均具有典型岛弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征,指示该岩体形成于与板块俯冲有关的大洋岛弧环境。斜长角闪岩锆石初始(176Hf/177Hf)i值为0.282833~0.282858,对应的εHf(t)变化范围在8.8~13.2之间,单阶段亏损地幔Hf模式年龄tDM1为370~549 Ma (平均值为470 Ma),明显老于原岩结晶时代。结合区域地质资料分析,滇西地区古特提斯洋(昌宁-孟连洋)的俯冲于晚石炭世开始,直到晚二叠世末期洋盆才闭合进入弧陆碰撞造山阶段。     

鄂尔多斯盆地东缘中—新生代构造特征及构造应力场分析

对鄂尔多斯盆地东缘黄河沿岸一带中—新生代构造特征的研究表明：盆地东缘中—新生代构造变形与印支运动、燕山运动、喜马拉雅运动密切相关。印支运动对东缘构造影响相对微弱,受扬子板块和华北板块碰撞的影响,区内形成了一套挤压应力近NS向的共轭节理。燕山运动对东缘的形成演化意义重大,其基本构造形态就是在这一时期形成的。受古太平洋板块与亚洲大陆俯冲产生的远程构造效应的影响,区内发育NE—NNE走向的褶皱带;离石断裂受到SE—SEE方向的挤压,以脆性变形为主;节理解析获得的燕山期构造应力场以NW—SE向挤压为特征。喜马拉雅运动期间,盆地东缘的挤压方向转变为NE—SW向,其动力主要来自印度板块向欧亚板块的碰撞及碰撞期后陆内俯冲所产生的远程效应。