云南思茅盆地钾盐矿床的深源浅储成因模式——来自于Sr同位素的证据

【研究目的】思茅盆地赋存有中国唯一的前第四纪固体钾盐矿床,该矿床的成因一直存在争议。客观地认识矿床成因、合理地构建矿床成因模式,不仅是钾盐矿床学研究中亟需解决的基础科学问题,而且关乎盆地内钾盐资源勘查方向的选择。【研究方法】本项研究以思茅盆地L-2井和MZK-3井的盐岩、盐岩上覆和下伏碎屑岩、盐岩中的碎屑岩为主要研究对象,重点分析其锶同位素地球化学特征。【研究结果】结果表明：（1）L-2井全岩样品⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值为0.708220~0.727458,平均值为0.712776;盐岩水不溶物⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值为0.711342~0.741999,平均值为0.716574;（2）MZK-3井盐岩上覆碎屑岩层⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值为0.713318~0.723147,平均值为0.717255;盐岩下伏碎屑岩层⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值为0.712470~0.738988,平均值为0.719307;（3）碎屑岩样品经过87Rb校正恢复至初始沉积状态的⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值为0.710880~0.727678,平均值为0.712828;（4）盐岩样品⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值全部明显小于大陆地表风化系统的平均值,有个别样品⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值大于现代海水。【结论】基于思茅盆地基础地质和钾盐矿床地质已有的研究成果,结合盐岩和碎屑岩锶同位素地球化学特征,可以得出：思茅盆地含钾盐岩与碎屑岩处于不同的锶同位素平衡体系;含钾盐岩的物源主体为海水,成盐过程中陆源淡水的补给可使⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr值增大;碎屑岩沉积于陆相环境,在与固态盐岩或盐岩水溶液接触之前已处于早成岩阶段A亚期;钾盐的成矿模式为勐野井组沉积期深层源盐通过走滑拉分形成的断层迁移至地表,在由高处向汇水盆地迁移过程中捕获了处于早成岩阶段A亚期的碎屑颗粒,形成了现今的含泥砾盐岩;部分含泥砾盐岩在迁移进入汇水盆地之后,经历了溶解-重结晶的过程,形成了盆地内成分较纯的盐岩;后续沉积的碎屑颗粒形成了防止盐岩溶蚀破坏的保护层;新生代的喜山运动使早期形成的钾盐矿床发生调整改造。     

Sulfur isotope study of source and deposits of stibnite in the Turhal Area,Turkey

The Turhal antimony sulfide ore deposits are hosted by a Permian-Jurassic sequence which consists of black phyllites at the base followed by interbedded phyllites and calcareous quartzites with metabasite interlayers and then by brown-gray phyllites with marble blocks. Four different styles and three distinct episodes of mineralization were distinguished according to deposition features of the ores and kinkbands in the stibnite crystals. Stibnite from stratiform, disseminated and vein occurrences as well as pyrite from black phyllites showed the following sulfur isotope composition (³⁴S): +2.8 and +3.0 for stratiform stibnite (n = 2), +3.6 and +5.5 for disseminated stibnite (n = 2), +2.5 to +7.8 for vein stibnite (n = 11) and -6.1 to +0.1 for pyrite (n = 3). The ³⁴S compositions of stibnite are interpreted as suggesting an ultimately single source for sulfur in the various styles of mineralization, i.e. synsedimentary volcanic exhalations for the stratiform and disseminated together with ores and hydrothermal mobilisation of these as well as leaching of volcanic rocks to form the vein ores. Deep basinal fluids probably under normal geothermal gradient conditions caused the leaching of the primary sulfides as suggested by the oxygen isotope composition of vein quartz associated with the ores. By contrast sulfur in pyrite is essentially a derivation of seawater sulfate through bacterial and/or chemical reduction.     

The source of sulfur in sulfide deposits in the Siberian Platform traps (from isotope data)

The source of sulfur in giant Norilsk-type sulfide deposits is discussed. A review of the state of the problem and a critical analysis of existing hypotheses are made. The distribution of δ³⁴S in sulfides of ore occurrences and small and large deposits and in normal sedimentary, metamorphogenic, and hypogene sulfates is considered. A large number of new δ³⁴S data for sulfides and sulfates in various deposits, volcanic and terrigenous rocks, coals, graphites, and metasomatites are presented. The main attention is focused on the objects of the Norilsk and Kureika ore districts. The δ³⁴S value varies from -14 to + 22.5‰ in sulfides of rocks and ores and from 15.3 to 33‰ in anhydrites. In sulfide-sulfate intergrowths and assemblages, δ³⁴S is within 4.2-14.6‰ in sulfides and within 15.3-21.3‰ in anhydrites. The most isotopically heavy sulfur was found in pyrrhotite veins in basalts (δ³⁴S = 21.6‰), in sulfate veins cutting dolomites (δ³⁴S = 33‰), and in subsidence caldera sulfates in basalts (δ³⁴S = 23.2-25.2‰). Sulfide ores of the Tsentral’naya Shilki intrusion have a heavy sulfur isotope composition (δ³⁴S = + 17.7‰ (n = 15)). Thermobarogeochemical studies of anhydrites have revealed inclusions of different types with homogenization temperatures ranging from 685 °C to 80 °C. Metamorphogenic and hypogene anhydrites are associated with a carbonaceous substance, and hypogene anhydrites have inclusions of chloride-containing salt melts. We assume that sulfur in the trap sulfide deposits was introduced with sulfates of sedimentary rocks (δ³⁴S = 22-24‰). No assimilation of sulfates by basaltic melt took place. The sedimentary anhydrites were “steamed” by hydrocarbons, which led to sulfate reduction and δ³⁴S fractionation. As a result, isotopically light sulfur accumulated in sulfides and hydrogen sulfide, isotopically heavy sulfur was removed by aqueous calcium sulfate solution, and “residual” metamorphogenic anhydrite acquired a lighter sulfur isotope composition as compared with the sedimentary one. The wide variations in δ³⁴S in sulfides and sulfates are due to changes in the physicochemical parameters of the ore-forming system (first of all, temperature and P_ch4) during the sulfate reduction. The regional hydrocarbon resources were sufficient for large-scale ore formation.     

天柱大河边重晶石矿床铅同位素特征及来源探讨

对取自天柱大河边重晶石矿床的重晶石样品和含方铅矿黑色页岩样品进行了铅同位素测定与研究.结果表明,在 Zartman铅构造模式图中,重晶石矿石、含方铅矿黑色页岩和黑色页岩有大致相同的铅同位素分布区,均沿上地壳铅演化线分布,表明它们之间具有同源关系;重晶石矿石及其赋矿黑色页岩的铅同位素组成与基底地层的铅同位素组成在 Zartman铅构造模式图中具有完全不同的分布范围,表明重晶石矿石中的铅不大可能来源于基底地层;结合重晶石矿石及其赋矿黑色页岩的铅同位素组成在 Zartman铅构造模式图和Δγ-Δβ铅来源分类图的分布,天柱大河边重晶石矿床的铅主要具上地壳铅、壳幔混合的俯冲带铅和热水沉积作用铅的混合来源特点,这为天柱大河边重晶石矿床的热水沉积成因提供了铅同位素证据.     

Signatures of the source for the Emeishan flood basalts in the Ertan area： Pb isotope evidence

The Emeishan flood basalts can be divided into high-Ti (HT) basalt (Ti/Y>500) and low-Ti (LT) basalt (Ti/Y<500). Sr, Nd isotopic characteristics of the lavas indicate that the LT- and the HT-type magmas originated from distinct mantle sources and parental magmas. The LT-type magma was derived from a shallower lithospheric mantle, whereas the HT-type magma was derived from a deeper mantle source that may be possibly a mantle plume. However, few studies on the Emeishan flood basalts involved their Pb isotopes, especially the Ertan basalts. In this paper, the authors investigated basalt samples from the Ertan area in terms of Pb isotopes, in order to constrain the source of the Emeishan flood basalts. The ratios of 206Pb/204Pb (18.31–18.41), 207Pb/204Pb (15.55–15.56) and 208Pb/204Pb (38.81–38.94) are significantly higher than those of the depleted mantle, just lying between EM I and EM II. This indicates that the Emeishan HT basalts (in the Ertan area) are the result of mixing of EMI end-member and EMII end-member.     

钙同位素地球化学研究进展

钙同位素是非传统稳定同位素,近年来已成为国际同位素地球化学领域的研究热点。钙同位素测定采用TIMS或MC-ICP-MS,并表示为δ^44/40Ca或δ^44/42Ca。自然界的δ^44/40Ca变化范围从-2.0‰到2．0‰,仅跨越4．0‰。虽然动力学分馏与平衡分馏假说能各自解释一些分馏现象,但钙同位素分馏机理仍不清晰,值得进一步研究。目前钙同位素的地质应用集中于以下方面：（1）根据有孔虫G．sacculifer的钙同位素组成重建古海洋温度;（2）海洋中钙的地球化学循环;（3）利用海水[Ca^2＋]评估大气pCo2。     

Sr Isotope Constraints on the Age and Source of Ore—Forming Materials of Gold Deposits,Southwestern Hunan

We have measured Rb and Sr concentrations in fluid inclusions of quartz in gold deposits, southwestern Hunan. The Rb-Sr isochron ages of 435±9Ma and 412±33Ma are respectively determined, revealing that gold mineralization in this area took place in the Caledonian period rather than in the Wuling-Xuefeng period as traditionally considered. Sr isotope geochemistry of the hydrothermal fluid indicates that the ore-forming materials are of crust origin, derived largely from the ore-hosting strata rather than from the basic dikes.     

The source of metals and gangue elements in epigenetic deposits

The metals, gangue elements, and volatiles in epigenetic deposits probably came from the country rocks that enclose, lie below, or lie lateral to the deposits. From their sites in the country rocks the elements were mobilized during metamorphism or were collected by deep seated circulating ground waters or brines. Most elements probably migrate by diffusion and are concentrated by the action of dilatant structures or as a result of chemical reaction with favourable rocks such as limestones.

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Résumé Les métaux, les éléments constitutifs de la gangue et la fraction volatile des gisements (métallifères) épigénétiques proviennent probablement des roches encaissantes, sous-jacentes ou contigües. Ces élément appartenant aux roches environnantes ont été mobilisés, lors d'un métamorphisme ou ont été captés par des eaux souterraines circulant à grandes profondeurs ou par des eaux saumâtres. La plupart des éléments se sont probablement déplacés par diffusion et, ensuite, ont été concentrés dans des structures dilatantes ou par des réactions chimiques avec des roches réceptives tels que des calciares.

     

Zircon Hf isotope evidence for an enriched mantle source for the Bushveld Igneous Complex

We use the Hf isotope composition of zircon from the Bushveld Complex to better understand the source of its parent magmas. The data set, which consists of 141 individual LA-ICP-MS analyses from 11 samples encompassing the entire cumulate stratigraphy, shows that the parent magmas had a Hf isotope composition unlike that of the depleted mantle at 2.06 Ga. Specifically, sample average ε_Hf(present) values range from ?55.3 to ?52.5 (ε_{Hf(2.06 Ga)} = ?9.0 to ?6.8) and are surprisingly homogeneous. This homogeneity is difficult to reconcile with direct assimilation of crustal material by Bushveld parent magmas because it would require that each batch of magma had assimilated just the right amount of material to all acquire the same Hf isotopic composition. Also, calculations suggest that simple mixing of regional crust into a primitive, mantle-derived liquid cannot account for both the presumed Hf and major elemental concentrations and the ¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf ratio of the Bushveld magmas. Rather, the Hf data are consistent with generation of these magmas by partial melting in a sub-continental mantle lithospheric source with an unradiogenic Hf isotopic composition equal to that of the Bushveld parent magmas. Several possibilities for the development of such a source are explored using the new Hf isotope data.     

浙江安吉港口多金属矿床铅物质来源初探——铅同位素证据

位于浙西北安吉港口的铅锌银(钼)多金属矿床,是新近在钦杭成矿带东北缘发现的一个产于大陆环境且具较好前景的矿床.文章通过对矿区坞山关杂岩体三套岩性单元、细粒花岗岩和方铅矿铅同位素的全面对比研究,探讨了矿床的铅物源岩浆岩.矿区中的方铅矿为含较高放射性成因铅的J-型铅,在铅同位素的V1-V2和△γ-Δβ图解中,本次研究的样品分别落入华南和岩浆作用上地壳混合地幔铅范围,显示出方铅矿与华南地球化学省壳幔混合岩浆作用的密切关系.矿区铅锌矿体的方铅矿铅同位素比值显示其具有共同的物质来源,并基本保持了细粒花岗岩206Pb/204Pb值的特征,而207Pb/204Pb值具有坞山关杂岩体和细粒花岗岩混合的特征,208Pb/204Pb和208Pb/206Pb值则仅显示出与细粒花岗岩最相近.方铅矿铅同位素比值特征和比值等值线分布形式显示,铅主要来源于细粒花岗岩,杂岩体对铅成矿贡献了少量的206Pb和207Pb,矿区地层对铅成矿贡献了一定的208Pb.安吉矿区进一步针对铅的找矿工作围绕细粒花岗岩展开,取得成果的可能性更大.     

An Eburnean base metal source for sediment-hosted zinc-lead deposits in Neoproterozoic units of Namibia: Lead isotopic and geochemical evidence

The lead isotopic composition of galena from the Neoproterozoic sediment-hosted Zn-Pb sulphide deposit at Rosh Pinah and the oxidised Zn deposit at Skorpion in the Pan-African Gariep Belt, southwestern Namibia, as well as that of galena from minor occurrences in the wider Rosh Pinah ore province was investigated and is compared with that of other major sediment-hosted base metal ore deposits hosted by Neoproterozoic strata in southwestern Africa and Brazil. The isotope data were supplemented by a geochemical provenance study of the argillitic host rock to the Rosh Pinah deposit and its stratigraphic equivalents. The pre-orogenic Rosh Pinah deposit and the inferred progenitor for the secondary Skorpion deposits have very similar Pb isotopic compositions. In contrast, syn-orogenic deposits (e.g. Tsumeb-type) show a larger proportion of radiogenic Pb from the country rocks that were infiltrated by orogenic ore fluids.In all examples studied, the ore Pb has elevated ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios compared to Pb that evolved according to average crustal Pb growth models. The isotopic composition of the ore Pb is in agreement with that of the oldest crustal component known from the pre-Gariep basement, i.e. an Eburnean (c. 2.0 Ga) volcanic arc, best preserved in the Richtersveld Terrane, that represents the largest volume of post-Archaean juvenile crust in southern Africa. Erosion of that arc provided the main sediment source for the metasedimentary siliciclastic host to the Rosh Pinah deposit. Derivation of the Pb, and by analogy Zn, from this Eburnean volcanic arc is therefore inferred for the formation of Rosh Pinah-type syn-rift, early diagenetic replacement mineralisation.The calculated ₂- and ₂-values for the Rosh Pinah ore province (around 10.2 and 42, respectively) are higher than predicted by conventional Pb crustal growth models and are similar to those found in the wider region of southern Africa (Otavi Mountain Land) and eastern Brazil. The obtained data highlight not only that calculated Pb model ages may have no geochronological significance but might also point to a common crustal evolution of this part of SW-Gondwana.Editorial handling: M. Chiaradia     

中国北方金矿床铅同位素研究

本文着重讨论了我国北方地区几个主要金矿床的形成时代、矿源及其与铅同位素的关系。认为:①从内蒙到东部沿海(包括东北),金矿的形成时代从海西中期(311×10~6a)到燕山晚期(100×10~6a),并且大多数金矿与中生代的岩浆活动有关;②在由岩石铅(包括花岗岩和变质岩)和矿石铅同位素组成的~(207)Pb/~(204)pb-~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb图解上,矿石铅同位素组成更靠近花岗岩一端;③变质岩和花岗岩中的金具有很高的淋洗率,均可作为金矿的矿源岩石。     

A new sulphur isotopic study of some Iberian Pyrite Belt deposits: evidence of a textural control on sulphur isotope composition

The sulphide deposits of the Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) represent an ore province of global importance. Our study presents 113 new sulphur isotope analyses from deposits selected to represent the textural spectrum of ores. Measured ³⁴S values range from −26 to +10‰ mostly for massive and stockwork ores, in agreement with data previously published. In situ laser ³⁴S analyses reveals a close correlation of ³⁴S with texture. Primary diagenetic textures are dominated by relatively low ³⁴S (−8‰ to −2‰), whereas stockwork feeder textures are dominated by higher ³⁴S (∼+3‰ to +5‰). Intermediate textures (mainly coarse textures in stratiform zones) have intermediate ³⁴S, although they are mostly dominated by the high ³⁴S component. Rare barite has a homogeneous ³⁴S around +18‰, which is consistent with direct derivation from Lower Carboniferous seawater sulphate. A dual source of sulphide sulphur in the IPB deposits has been considered. A hydrothermal source, derived from reduction of coeval seawater sulphate in the convective systems, is represented by sulphide in the feeder zones. Here variations in ³⁴S are caused by variations in the extent of the sulphate reduction, which governs the SO₄:H₂S ratio. The second end-member was derived from the bacterial reduction of coeval seawater sulphate at or near the surface, as reflected in the primary textures. A distinct geographical variation in ³⁴S and texture from SW (more bacteriogenic and primary textures) to NE (more hydrothermal textures and ³⁴S) which reflects a variation in the relative input of each source was likely controlled by local geological environments. Given that the sulphur isotope characteristics of the IPB deposits are unlike most VMS and Kuroko deposits, and noting the dominance of a mixed reduced sedimentary and volcanic environment, we suggest that the IPB could represent an ore style which is intermediate between volcanic and sedimentary hosted massive sulphide types. Received: 8 October 1997 / Accepted: 14 May 1998     

Genesis of proterozoic iron-formation: sulphur isotope evidence

Seven units of carbonaceous shale or sulphide-facies iron-formation have been sampled. They are associated with Proterozoic iron-formations that range in age from ~ 1.9 to ~2.5 Ga: Sokoman and Gunflint (Canada), Riverton (United States), Penge (South Africa) and Brockman (Australia). Sulphur isotope ratios have been determined on the sulphides removed from these shales by both physical and chemical means.The mean δ³⁴S composition of the seven units varies between ?4.9%. and +6.6%. and the sample variance is low within each unit. These distributions are more characteristic of hydrothermal sulphide than sulphide produced by biogenic reduction. This hydrothermal sulphide is believed to have originated from high temperature reduction of seawater sulphate and from magmatic sulphide. A model is suggested whereby this sulphide was exhaled into stratified anoxic/oxic basins. The sulphide and associated base metals were deposited in the reduced sediments beneath the anoxic waters, while some iron and manganese was deposited on oxygenated shelves.The data support, but do not prove, a hydrothermal exhalative origin for lower Proterozoic iron-formation.     

Another Source of Atmospheric Methane

The atmospheric concentration of methane is steadily increasin.Lacking of precise estimates of source and sink strengths for the atmospheric methane severely limits the current understanding of the global methane cycle.Agood budget of atmospheric methane can enhance our understanding of the global carbon cycle and global climate change,The known estimates of the main source and sink strengths are gresented in this paper,In terms of carbon isotopic studies,it is evidenced that the earth‘s primodial methane,which was trapped in the earth during its formation,may be another source of methane,with extensive,earth‘s degassing which is calleld the “breathing“ process of the earth and played an important role in the formation of the promitive atmosphere,large amounts of methane were carried from the deep interior to the surface and then found its way into the atmosphere.     

Sr isotope variation in vein barites from the NE Bavarian Basement: Relevance for the source of elements and genesis of unconformity-related barite deposits

Summary Vein-type barite mineralizations from the Saxothuringian and Moldanubian zone of the NE Bavarian Basement have similar⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios. The different rock types of both tectonic regions are of no influence on those ratios, so that no distinction between barites from the Moldanubian and Saxothuringian zone can be made. The⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr data point to a crustal derivation of ore-bearing fluids rather than to a homogeneous mantle source. Carbonates associated with barite in these veins display similar ratios. The⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of barites vary with host rocks. From the enclosing wall rocks towards the granitic core zone the ratios tend to increase, while a continuous decrease along with plunge of fold axes (e.g. Berga Anticline) of the host anticline is demonstrated for the Frankenwald vein-type barite occurrences. Based on these isotope data a model on unconformity related barite deposits is discussed for this area.

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Strontium-Isotopen-Variationen in Gang-Baryten aus den Nordost-Bayerischen Grundgebirge: Bedeutung für die Herkunft der Elemente und für die Genese von Barytlagerstätten an Diskordanzen

Zusammenfassung Die Strontium-Isotopen-Variation in Gang-Baryten des NE-bayerischen Grundgebirges zeigen⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr-Verhältnisse, die eine krustale Herkunft der Lösungen erkennen lassen. Das Sr-Verhältnis wird durch begleitende Karbonate nicht verändert. Ihre Verhältnisse sind ähnlich denen des Sulfats. Innerhalb der beiden Gruppen (A: nichtmetamorphes Paläozoikum des Frankenwaldes, Bergaer Sattel; B: Granite mit Kristallinhülle des Fichtelgebirges und Oberpfälzer Wald) ist eine Tendenz zu höheren bzw. granittypischen Verhältnissen mit Annäherung an den Sattelkern bzw. zum Granit hin feststellbar. Auf der Grundlage dieser Isotopendaten wird ein Genesemodell für diese Barytvorkommen diskutiert, welches von der Bindung dieser Lagerstätten an die spätvariszische Diskordanz ausgeht.

     

Major, trace element and oxygen isotope study of glass cosmic spherules of chondritic composition: The record of their source material and atmospheric entry heating

New geochemical data on cosmic spherules (187 major element, 76 trace element, and 10 oxygen isotope compositions) and 273 analyses from the literature were used to assess the chemical diversity observed among glass cosmic spherules with chondritic composition. Three chemical groups of glass spherules are identified: normal chondritic spherules, CAT-like spherules (where CAT refers to Ca-Al-Ti-rich spherules), and high Ca-Al spherules. The transition from normal to high Ca-Al spherules occurs through a progressive enrichment in refractory major elements (on average from 2.3 wt.% to 7.0 wt.% for CaO, 2.8 wt.% to 7.2 wt.% for Al₂O₃, and 0.14 wt.% to 0.31 wt.% for TiO₂) and refractory trace elements (from 6.2 μg/g to 19.3 μg/g for Zr and 1.6CI-4.3CI for Rare Earth Elements-REEs) relative to moderately refractory elements (Mg, Si) and volatile elements (Rb, Na, Zn, Pb). Based on a comparison with experimental works from the literature, these chemical groups are thought to record progressive heating and evaporation during atmospheric entry. The evaporative mass losses evaluated for the high Ca-Al group (80-90%) supersede those of the CAT spherules which up to now have been considered as the most heated class of stony cosmic spherules. However, glass cosmic spherules still retain isotopic and elemental evidence of their source and precursor mineralogy. Four out of the 10 normal and high Ca-Al spherules analysed for oxygen isotopes are related to ordinary chondrites (δ¹⁸O = 13.2-17.3‰ and δ¹⁷O = 7.6-9.2‰). They are systematically enriched in Ni and Co (Ni = 24-500 μg/g) with respect to spherules related to carbonaceous chondrites (Ni < 1.2 μg/g, δ¹⁸O = 13.1-28.0‰ and δ¹⁷O = 5.1-14.0‰). REE abundances in cosmic spherules, which are not fractionated according to parent body or atmospheric entry heating, can then be used to unravel the precursor mineralogy. Spherules with flat REE pattern close to unity when normalized to CI are the most abundant in our dataset (54%) and likely derive from homogeneous, fine-grained chondritic precursors. Other REE patterns fall into no more than five categories, a surprising reproducibility in view of the mineralogical heterogeneity of chondritic lithologies at the micrometeorite scale.     

铬同位素体系及其在铬铁矿成矿过程中的应用

近年来铬(Cr)同位素体系在示踪地幔部分熔融、岩浆结晶分异及俯冲带流体相关的地质过程中均取得了重要进展。本文通过实例研究综述了Cr同位素在铬铁矿成矿作用方向的主要进展,包括:(1) Stillwater层状岩体橄榄岩带和K?z?ldaˇg蛇绿岩壳幔过渡带内铬铁矿及共生硅酸盐矿物的Cr同位素研究,揭示了层状/似层状铬铁矿成矿过程中可能发生明显的Cr同位素分馏,且主要受结晶分异和岩浆补给过程控制;(2) K?z?lda?蛇绿岩豆荚状铬铁矿床的Cr同位素研究,证明了俯冲带地幔橄榄岩中尖晶石的部分熔融,可能是豆荚状铬铁矿床主要的成矿物质来源之一,同时俯冲带流体也可能直接参与成矿;(3)层状岩体及蛇绿岩中普遍存在矿物间的Cr同位素不平衡分馏现象,不仅可用以记录岩浆作用的冷却时间,同时也证明了铬铁矿成矿过程中释放的流体对矿物间的元素交换具有明显促进作用。     

粤东锡多金属矿床稳定同位素地球化学研究

本文通过试验路研究，提出交通事故多发段沥青路面抗滑表层做法的一些具体意见，包括结构类型、材料要求和施工要点。试验路观测表明，抗滑表层对减少交通事故有明显作用，供应用参考。