Ecological-geochemical evaluation of the state of surface water streams in the impact area of the tailing dump of the Urupsky Ore Mining

Surface waters are subject to intense contamination with trace elements in ore mining areas. A complex study was performed for the state of waters and bottom sediments from the Bogachukha and Urup Rivers in the area of the abandoned tailing dump of the Urupsky Ore Mining. The impact exerted by the tailing dump on the concentration of elements in the water, suspended particulate matter, and bottom sediments of the rivers is evaluated. The major contaminants of surface waters and bottom sediments, as well as the forms of their element distribution are revealed.     

Reconnaissance geochemical survey in the Marahiq area,Wadi Allaqi region,south Egypt: a preliminary assessment of stream sediments for gold placer and environmental hazard

The Marahiq area represents a portion of the Pan-African belt from the Neoproterozoic age in south Egypt and includes metamorphosed ultramafic rocks, metavolcanic rocks, and granodiorite pluton. The area is characterized by the ancient abandoned Au mine and the recent active talc mines. The present paper provides a preliminary assessment of stream sediments for gold (Au) placer and environmental hazard. Steam sediments from 36 stations were analyzed using ICP-MS for determining the concentration of 53 elements. Various statistical techniques, graphical representations, a set of complementary sediment quality assessment methods, and different mapping methods have been applied. The results showed that Au and the investigated elements were influenced by long history of the ancient mining activities and weathering processes, leading to elevate Au and some heavy metal(loid)s concentrations and exhibit enrichment ratios as follows: Te > As > Au > Cu > Cd > Co > Ni > V. Whereas Cd, Co, and V were attributed to geogenic origin, As, Au, Cu, Ni, and Te were derived from anthropogenic mining activities. It is found that the anomalies of Au and the element of interest are indicative of Au placer and point out a new perspective Au-sulfide mineralization hosted along the favorable tectonic zones that were the main source of Au placer. Both As and Te are good pathfinders to explore Au placer and related mineralization. Environmentally, the excess of As, Cu, Ni, and Te could generate moderate levels of contamination and low level of ecological risk in the sediments. Although As, Cu and Ni posed medium–low potentially adverse effects and low toxicity levels, they cannot cause harmful influences on biological life. Accordingly, streambed sediments are considered as safe and acceptable as inoffensive materials for environmental management. Overall, this study is as reference values for governmental organizations for appraising future environmental pollution in the area. Also, it is fruitful for Au placer and promising with success for Au exploration along the shear zones and strike-slip faults.     

Assessment of Hg-contamination in soils and stream sediments in the mineral district of Nambija,Ecuadorian Amazon (example of an impacted area affected by artisanal gold mining)

The Nambija Mineral District (NMD) is located in the southeastern part of Ecuador, east of Zamora (Zamora Chinchípe's country), Ecuadorian Amazon. In this district, Au occurrences have been know since colonial and pre-colonial times, but only after the early 1980s has intensive artisanal Au mining activity been developed. Currently, the different NMD Au occurrences continue to be exploited by artisanal operations and are difficult to control in the study area. The environmental impacts due to Au mining are a consequence of the illegal situation and deficiency in controlling the techniques of ore exploitation. The Au extraction is carried out by outdoor amalgamation, so the indiscriminate use of Hg by artisanal miners, associated with careless methods of tailings disposal, has caused occupational exposure and environmental degradation. The present study evaluated the geochemical dispersion and concentrations of local contamination of metallic Hg in soils, stream sediments and mine tailings in the NMD area. This article aims to contribute to the discussion of environmental changes caused by the artisanal Au mining in the Nambija district. A total of 82 samples (32 soil, 40 stream sediment and 10 mine tailings) were analyzed. The results were compared with the Hg levels in soil and stream sediments considered not to be contaminated in the Nambija mining area and in other areas where Hg is mined in the Amazon basin. In this work, mean total Hg (T-Hg) concentrations of 1.7 μg g⁻¹ in soils and 2.7 μg g⁻¹ in stream sediments have been found. Mercury values in the mine tailing samples revealed values ranging from 89 to 1555 μg g⁻¹. The results found for Hg in the different analyzed materials pointed to contamination of the studied area by this metal, while soil erosion is responsible for an increase in stream sediment's T-Hg concentrations in the different aquatic ecosystems of the Nambija Creek and Nambija River.     

The accumulation of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the aquatic biomass of sulphide tailing ponds

Flooding mine tailings to limit the oxidation of sulfides provides a habitat for aquatic organisms, such as plants, plankton, insects, and fish, which can uptake metals and, thus, threats for local ecosystems and influence the cycling of elements in biogeocenosis. An aquatic ecosystem developed naturally in sulphide tailing ponds containing cyanidation wastes of the Salair ore-refining plant (SORP), Russia, was studied. The objectives of this research were to: (i) reveal the level of contamination of living organisms in the tailing ponds compared to a natural control site and (ii) calculate the weight of metals in aquatic biomass to estimate the amount of metals transferring from the tailing ponds into the biogechemical cycle. The concentration of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the sediments of the tailing ponds is significantly higher than from the control site. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in plant shoots were significantly higher than in the control and accumulated mainly in cell envelopes and membranes. The concentration of Pb in fish liver and eggs were 41 and 7.5 times higher, respectively, than maximum allowable concentrations. The biomass distribution between producers and consumers of the tailing pond ecosystem is similar to those of natural pond ecosystems. However, the weights of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in all trophic levels per hectare of the tailing pond are orders of magnitude higher than those for Lake Baikal. The largest portion of metal circulates within the ecosystem of the Dyukov Ravine Pond with a maximum of 5 to 13% of this amount transferred into the surrounding environment through the food chains.     

Some comparative marine chemistries of rhenium, gold, silver and molybdenum

Four metals, Re, Au, Ag and Mo, whose dissolved forms in seawater can potentially be reduced to insoluble states, have been measured in a variety of solids depositing under anoxic conditions: hydrothermal sulfides; coastal sediments; and phosphorites. For comparative purposes these elements have also been determined in ferromanganese minerals and pelagic sediments which have accumulated under oxidizing conditions. Rhenium appears to be a unique sentinel for identifying reducing depositional environments, where enrichments of greater than three orders of magnitude above crustal concentrations are found. Molybdenum follows Re in these sediments but Mo is enriched also in those that accumulate under oxidizing conditions. The reported Mo crustal concentrations appear low in comparison to our measured sedimentary values. Gold and Ag are concentrated in hydrothermal deposits and sulfides appear to be involved in the precipitation of these elements. Coastal sediments adjacent to a domestic outfall of Los Angeles, California contain extraordinary high accumulations of anthropogenic Au, Ag and Pt. The study seeks an understanding of the mobilities and sinks of these metals in the marine environment during the major weathering cycle. Further, anthropogenic contributions to their sedimentary concentrations are identified.     

Contrasting dispersion patterns for gold in stream sediments at Timbarra,NSW, Australia

Regional geochemical exploration for granite-hosted Au mineralisation on the Timbarra Plateau has identified poor correlation between bulk cyanide leach (BCL) Au contents in the wet-screened <2000-μm fraction and aqua regia (AR) extractable Au in the wet-screened <180-μm fraction of stream sediments across most parts of the plateau.At James East, there is a weak response to mineralisation in both the BCL and <180-μm fraction Au contents of stream sediments and poor correlation between these fractions. The total Au content of the sediments is primarily contained within the organic-rich <63-μm fraction. There is little visible Au in panned concentrates from stream sediments or adjacent alluvium. Dispersion of Au appears to be predominantly hydromorphic with minor mechanical contributions from a more diffuse palaeo-colluvial source.At the nearby Surface Hill, there is a strong response to mineralisation in stream sediments with contributions to total Au from a wide range of size fractions. The BCL and <180-μm fraction Au contents are closely correlated. Visible Au is present close to bedrock sources in eluvial and alluvial accumulations. Particle size and Au distribution in the stream sediments indicates dispersion of Au to be dominantly by mechanical processes from the proximal part of a colluvial fan on the margin of the plateau.Variations in the concentration, form and distribution of Au in stream sediments at the two sites can be attributed to variations in surficial conditions and the effects of varying amounts of organic material; however, a complimentary factor is the potential loss of colloidal or organic-adsorbed Au through decanting of sieve water during wet-screening of sediments in the field.     

Environmental impact of the former Pb–Zn mining and smelting in East Belgium

In the mining district of Plombières-La Calamine (East Belgium), extensive Pb–Zn mining activities resulted in an important contamination of overbank sediments along the Geul river. Moreover, a huge amount of heavy metals is stored in a dredged mine pond tailing, which is located along the river. In the dredged mine pond tailing sediments, Pb–Zn minerals control the solubility of Zn, Pb and Cd. Although Pb, Zn and Cd display a lower solubility in overbank sediments compared to the mine tailing pond sediments, elevated concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cd are still found in the porewater of the overbank sediments. The considerable ‘actual’ and ‘potential’ mobility of Zn, Pb and Cd indicates that the mine pond tailing sediments and the overbank sediments downstream from the mine pond tailing represent a considerable threat for the environment. Besides the chemical remobilisation of metals from the sediments, the erosion of overbank sediments and the reworking of riverbed sediments act as a secondary source of pollution.     

湘西金矿尾矿—水相互作用：1．环境地球化学效应

湘西金矿在生产过程中产生了大量的尾矿。该区尾矿－水相互作用强烈，并引起了尾矿中重金属元素的释放、迁移和对水体－土壤、蔬菜等表生环境的重金属污染。污染程度较大的元素均为Au、Sb、As、Cd、Hg、W等，与尾矿中元素的富集特征相一致。尾矿中重金属元素的水迁移能力由大到小顺序为Au、Cd、W、Sb、Pb、As、Zn、Cu。元素的生物吸收系数由大至小顺序为Cd、Au、Zn、Hg、Sb、Cu、Pb、As、W。植物中金属元素浓度主要受土壤中的浓度、植物种类和吸收的影响。     

Environmental impact and geochemistry of old tailing pile from the Sanggok mine creek, Republic of Korea

This study evaluates the pollution load on a creek based on the physicochemical and mineralogical properties of old tailings. The Sanggok mine is one of the largest lead–zinc producers in the Hwanggangri mining district, Republic of Korea. The vertical profile of the old tailings in the mine area can be divided into three units based on color change, and mineralogical and textural variations, as well as physical and chemical properties. Unit I (surface accumulation and oxidized heterogeneous tailing soil) has lower pH and higher Eh than unit II (originally unoxidized dumped tailing soil) and unit III (pebble-bearing bottom soil). The conductivity data indicates that unit I and II have very high values compared to unit III and basement. The mine area consists mainly of carbonate rocks; however, mineral constituents of tailing soil and sediments near the mine were mainly composed of quartz, mica, feldspar, amphibole, calcite, dolomite, magnesite, and clay minerals. Units I and II are characterized by high abundances of siderite, locally pyrite, and dolomite. Precipitates in the mining drainage mainly included: smectite, illite, berthierine, quartz, siderite, hexahydrite, and Ca-ferrate. Among the separated metallic minerals, tailing soils and sediments of highly concentrated toxic metals are found: some pyrite, arsenopyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, malachite, goethite, various hydroxide, and uncertain secondary minerals. Units I and II are characterized by relatively high concentrations of Ca, Fe, Mn and low contents of Al, Mg, K, Na, Ti, rare earth elements (REEs) that correlated with the proportion of secondary minerals. Potentially toxic elements such as Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, and Zn are highly enriched in the upper two units. This metal concentration can be influenced by changes in the depth because of oxic and suboxic zonal distribution. The removal zone (unit I) has probably migrated below the elevation of the maximum enrichment layer due to deepening of the oxic/suboxic boundary. In most of the materials, the enrichment index is higher than 3.62. The highest value of 42.55 is found in the oxidation surface soils of the tailing pile. An average enrichment index of the profiles and precipitates are 27.62 and 22.62, respectively. Rocky basement soils have an average enrichment index of 6.63, which is influenced by overlying the tailing pile. The water quality and habitat of the Sanggok creek are severely polluted. Polluted surface water may also negatively impact the agricultural soil and groundwater.     

Investigating the spatial distribution of antimony geochemical anomalies located in the Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi region,China

The Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi region is well known for its abundant mineral resources, and low-temperature hydrothermal mineralization represented by the elemental association of gold, arsenic, antimony and mercury is widely developed there. Many studies on the geological-geochemical characteristics of gold have been conducted, but a comprehensive understanding of the antimony geochemical pattern is still lacking. This paper studied the Sb distribution characteristics and the cause of geochemical anomalies based on the geochemical data of stream sediments and rocks in the study area. In addition, the geochemical data of Au, As, Sb and Hg were centered and log-ratio transformed to eliminate the closure effect, and then random forest regression (RFR) with Au, As and Hg as the characteristic variables was used to investigate the ore-related geochemical anomalies of Sb. Seven geochemical provinces were delineated from the original geochemical data, and they are not entirely consistent with the known deposits. Sb moves from the rocks to the stream sediments during weathering. The variation trend in the Sb background values in stream sediments in each tectonic unit is consistent with that in the rocks themselves, implying that Sb in the stream sediments is inherited from the background rocks. The distributions of Sb predicted by RFR are similar to the distribution pattern of Sb in stream sediments. Of the three elements considered, the influence of As on the variations in the Sb geochemical background is the greatest, followed by Au and then Hg. The geochemical anomalies extracted by the residuals produced in this algorithm are consistent with where the known Sb metallogenic district is located, indicating that this method of recognizing geochemical anomalies is feasible and effective and has theoretical and practical significance.     

云南个旧锡多金属矿区尾矿元素地球化学特征

云南省个旧地区锡多金属矿以锡矿资源闻名于世界,自20世纪50年代以来,经历大规模矿产开发,目前共有尾矿库31座,积存尾矿超过1.9亿t。面对数量如此巨大的潜在资源与污染源,查明尾矿中元素的含量、分布特征及其控制因素显得尤为重要。本文针对个旧地区尾矿类型复杂、成矿及共伴生元素多样等特点,以"面上控制、重点剖析"的原则,采用概查和详查两种调查方法,对矿区内的尾矿库进行了系统的地球化学调查,完成了19个尾矿库的概查和2个尾矿库的详查工作,取得了如下认识:(1)个旧矿区不同尾矿库间的物质成分和元素含量差别较大。同一尾矿库中元素分布也不均匀,在横向上和垂向上均有分异性;(2)入选矿石类型、排砂过程中的重力分选作用和选矿工艺的差异是影响尾矿库中元素分布的主要因素;(3)总结和梳理了一套尾矿地球化学调查方法技术;(4)个旧矿区尾矿中成矿与伴生元素Sn、Cu、Fe、Pb、Zn、In、Ga、As等元素含量普遍较高,具有巨大潜在利用价值,同时As、Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn等元素对周边环境存在较大风险,值得重视。     

Form and distribution of gold mobilized into surface waters and sediments from a gossan tailings pile,Murray Brook massive sulphide deposit,New Brunswick,Canada

Stream waters and sediments draining a gossan tailings pile at the Murray Brook massive sulphide deposit were collected to investigate Au mobility. Weathering of the massive sulphides at Murray Brook during the Late Tertiary period resulted in the concentration of Au in the gossan cap overlying the supergene Cu and unoxidized massive sulphide zones of the deposit. The gossan was mined between 1989 and 1992, and Au and Ag were extracted using a cyanide vat leach process. Although stream sediments prior to mining had Au<5 ppb (the detection limit), sediments collected in 1997 had Au contents ranging up to 256 ppm with values up to 6 ppm more than 3 km downstream from the deposit. Dissolved Au contents were similarly anomalous, up to 19 μg/L and in excess of 3 μg/L 3 km downstream. The elevated Au contents in the waters and sediments are interpreted to reflect complexation of Au (as Au(CN)₂⁻) by cyanide hosted within the gossan tailings pile. Precipitation recharges through the tailings pile with groundwater flow exiting to Gossan Creek. Degradation of cyanide along the flow path and within Gossan Creek allows colloidal Au to form via reduction of Au(I) by Fe²⁺, consistent with SEM observations of Au as <1 μm subrounded particles. In the surface waters, the majority of the Au must be in a form <0.45 μm in size to account for the similarity in Au contents between the <0.45 μm and unfiltered samples. The very elevated stream sediment Au values close to the headwaters of Gossan Creek near the tailings indicate that upon exiting to the surface environment, Au(CN)₂⁻ complexes are rapidly destroyed and Au removed from solution. However, the high Au_{<0.004 μm}/Au_total in the headwaters and the extended Au dispersion in Gossan Creek waters and sediments suggest that Au(CN)₂⁻ complexes persist for the full length of Gossan Creek. The decrease in aqueous Au which is less than 0.004 μm indicates that Au is converted from a complexed form to a colloidal form with increasing distance downstream, consistent with dissolved NO₃⁻ contents which decrease from 5210 μg/L near the headwaters to 1350 μg/L at the lower end of the stream.     

陕西石泉-旬阳金矿带整装勘查区饶峰幅等7个图幅区1:50 000水系沉积物测量原始数据集

首次汇集了陕西石泉-旬阳金矿带整装勘查区内7个图幅1：50 000水系沉积物测量18种元素（Au、Cu、Zn、As、Sb、Hg、Bi、Ti、V、Ag、Sn、Pb、W、Mo、Ni、Co、Cr、Cd）的测试数据,共包含数据点13 169个,数据180 944个,第一次建立了该勘查区的地球化学数据库。在此基础上,编制了233张各类地球化学系列图件,并建立了空间数据库。通过本数据集在区内共圈定各类单元素异常2 083处,其中金元素异常304处;圈定金找矿靶区10处,金成矿远景区12处;经过后期矿产综合检查,整装勘查区内共发现金矿产（点）53处,其中,中型规模金矿床8处,小型规模金矿床18处,金元素异常与金矿床（点）对应程度较好,矿致异常达189处,显示1：50 000水系沉积物测量是勘查区内较好的找矿手段之一。     

Geochemistry of core sediments from the Middle Tagus alluvial plain (Portugal) since the last glacial: using background determination methods to outline environmental changes

This work deals with the geochemistry of the sediments from the Santarém-Entre Valas (SEV) borehole, in the middle Tagus alluvial plain in Portugal. Methods for background determination were used, notably the concentration–length and cumulative frequency methods. Both methods were in excellent agreement for the elements of interest, namely Au, As, Fe, U, Cu, Pb, Zn, Co, and Cr. With these results, five segments in the SEV borehole were identified to have higher than background values for at least two or more of these elements. The most important segment spans at least 1,500 years during the Early Holocene Warm Period, with almost all elements with anomalous values. This has been interpreted as the result of enhanced weathering of the host rocks upstream as a consequence of deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum and general wetter conditions known to have occurred in this region. No other segment of the core has shown a similar variety of elements with higher than background values, but the upper segments correlate with the particular mineralogy on the sediments due to the development of an estuarine environment at circa 3,000–4,000 cal. years BP. The presence of charcoal and charred organic matter during the beginning of the Bronze Age characterises the segment with the first high values of Cu, but apart from deforestation and land use that affected this region at the time, this anomaly is likely due to the chemical affinity of Cu to organic matter and not to anthropogenic activities. Finally, the upper meter of the core sediments, spanning 812 years, have a clear anthropogenic signal for Cu (also seen in other two boreholes) and systematic high values for Au (and Pb). Although Cu is surely an indication of secular agricultural practices (vineyard sulphatation), Au (and Pb) might be the natural accumulation from weathering of ancient mine wastes scattered in the Hercynian Massif upstream.     

Noble metals in the bottom sediments of the Chukchi Sea

Abundance of noble metals (NM) and bulk chemical composition have been studied in bottom sediments of the Chukchi Sea. Distribution of NM and their correlation with major and trace elements in the sediments have been analyzed using multicomponent statistics. It was established that the average contents of NM in the bottom sediments of the Chukchi Sea significantly exceed those both in shelf terrigenous sediments and stratisphere. Osmium and iridium enrich mixed and pelitic sediments relative to shallow-water areas and their influx is presumably determined by erosion of coastal and bottom loose deposits. High Ag, Ru, Au, and Pt contents were identified in the clayey sediments enriched in biogenic elements in the individual areas of the Southern Chukchi plain (Chukchi sea) confined to the intersection zones of submeridional and sublatitudinal structures of the graben-rift system, which was formed in the Mesozoic and activated in the late Cenozoic time.     

Modern sedimentation system of Lake Untersee, East Antarctica

The paper presents data on the geographic and geological conditions of modern sedimentation in Lake Untersee, the largest lake in East Antarctica. Geochemical and sedimentation data indicate that the leading mechanism providing Al-Si sedimentary material to the surface layer of the bottom sediments is the seasonal melting of the Anuchin glacier and the mountain glacier on the southeastern face of the valley hosting the lake. The strongly reduced conditions in the lowermost 25 m of the water column in the smaller of the two depressions at the lake bottom were favorable for the enrichment of the bottom sediments in bacteriogenic organic matter, Mo, Au, and Pd. The H₂S-contaminated water facilitates the significant enrichment of the sediments only in redox-sensitive elements able to migrate in the form of anionic complexes and precipitate (coprecipitate) as sulfides.     

Tailing dumps at the Krasnorechenskaya concentration mill (Primorskii krai,Russia): Geochemistry and mineralogy

This study presents the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of tailing dumps at the Krasnorechenskaya concentration mill (Primorskii krai, Russia). Primary ore minerals and newly forming mineral assemblages were also investigated. According to the obtained data, the possible reserves of the major elements accumulated in these tailings were estimated. It was shown that the tailing dumps at the Krasnorechenskaya concentration mill are potentially promising for secondary recovery. The tailing sediment has natural geochemical stratification and the specific correlations of elements are typical for each selected layer.     

青海省都兰县查哈西里地区地球化学异常特征及成矿远景评述

通过1：5万水系沉积物的地球化学测量,对查哈西里地区Au、Cu等16种元素的地球化学特征进行了初步分析.综合元素富集程度、分异程度、叠加强度,发现Au、Cu、Ni、Cr、Co在研究区内有富集成矿的可能,是研究区主要成矿元素.根据异常特征与成矿地质条件,推断区内为构造蚀变岩型Au-Cu多金属矿床及热液蚀变型Cu-Ni多金属矿床.优选出4处成矿远景区,即科德日特-巴嘎哈尔散金铜多金属成矿远景区、查干热格沟铜多金属成矿远景区、乌兰可镍多金属成矿远景区和马尼特沟南铁镍多金属成矿远景区.     

Bryolithochemical studies in the search for and evaluation of gold-silver mineralization based on stream sediments (northeastern Russia)

The first bryolithochemical studies have been carried out within the Dukat ore field (Balygychan-Sugoi trough, northeastern Russia), in its northeast (Dukat Au-Ag deposit, Chaika site) and on its eastern flank (Au-Ag ore occurrence, Piritovyi site). Sampling was made along primary water streams draining Au-Ag ore zones, because the headstreams localized in the permafrost zone are poor in alluvial sediments or lack them, whereas the stream banks and beds are overgrown with aquatic and semiaquatic mosses. We examined samples of moss cushions with loose sediments (fine silt suspension and sand-silt material). The study has shown that moss cushions are an effective natural trap extracting finely dispersed, ultradisperse, and colloid-dispersed particles, including ore ones, from water stream suspension. The contents of major elements indicating Au-Ag mineralization (Au, Ag, Hg, Sb, As, Pb, and Zn) in the bryolithochemical and lithochemical samples were compared. The highest contents of these elements have been revealed in the bryolithochemical samples. Scintillation analysis shows a predominance of finely dispersed Au and Ag particles. The chemical composition of lithoparticles and probable species of elements indicating mineralization were studied by energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. It has been concluded that the bryolithochemical stream sediments are an integral part of the lithochemical ones and can also be effectively used to reveal geochemical anomalies and identify the corresponding ores. It is shown that the bryolithochemical sediment streams bear important information about the chemical composition of primary ores, as they have the same major indicator elements (Au, Ag, Hg, Sb, As, Pb, and Zn) and nearly the same mineral composition (finely dispersed gold and silver, electrum, silver sulfosalts, and simple sulfides). The proposed bryolithochemical research is promising not only for northeastern Russia but also for other areas with similar landscapes, primarily areas where lithochemical and bryolithochemical stream sediments form in the northern subarctic and arctic environments.     

黑龙江东安—汤旺河矿集区水系沉积物的地球化学特征及找矿远景预测

以1∶20万区域水系沉积物数据为基础,对黑龙江东安—汤旺河地区13种元素进行了相关性分析、聚类分析和主因子分析。分析结果表明,元素异常组合呈有规律的分布,高温元素异常组合分布在研究区西侧,而低温元素异常组合出现在研究区东侧。在以分形为主要手段确定异常下限后,认为在研究区东部,与中低温元素伴生的Au矿床找矿潜力较大。结合地质、物探以及已知矿点的信息,圈定多元素异常34处,划分出4个找矿远景区。