高效厌氧+A/O+MBR+NF多级组合工艺处理某垃圾填埋场垃圾渗滤液

本项目采用厌氧+A/O+MBR+NF多级组合工艺处理某垃圾填埋场垃圾渗滤液,设计处理规模为300m3/d,出水水质可达到《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB16889-2008)中一般地区对渗滤液出水水质的要求。     

城市生活垃圾渗滤液特征初步研究

卫生填埋是我国处置城市生活垃圾简单有效的方式,但其产生的垃圾渗滤液存在极大的潜在环境风险。为选取合适处理技术提供基础数据,本文选取广西6个典型城市生活垃圾渗滤液作为初步对象。初步结果表明垃圾渗滤液水质复杂且多变,具有较高浓度CODCr、BOD5、氨氮等污染物且污染物浓度变化幅度较大;其水质、可生化性能等受垃圾填埋时间等因素影响较大。     

矿物法组合处理垃圾填埋场渗滤液的研究

垃圾填埋场渗滤液水质复杂,危害性大,对其无害化处理尚未得到很好解决。研究发现,垃圾渗滤液中有机污染物可标识划分为亲水性和疏水性两大类物质。实验针对性采用亲水的天然膨润土处理亲水性有机物,疏水的有机膨润土处理疏水性有机物,再结合鸟粪石结晶法去除氨氮,从而获得一套处理中晚期垃圾渗滤液的经济高效的矿物法组合处理技术。采用GC-MS技术鉴定经矿物法处理后的垃圾渗滤液,亲水性和疏水性有机污染物的种类和含量都明显降低。检测进水与出水的COD、氨氮及重金属浓度这三项关键指标,垃圾渗滤液原液COD为2566 mg/L,氨氮3859 mg/L,重金属Hg为0.305 mg/L。矿物法组合处理后出水的COD为245mg/L,氨氮48 mg/L,重金属Hg未检出。矿物组合法为垃圾渗滤液的无害化处理提供了一条新的思路。     

若尔盖县生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液回喷处理设计

结合当地蒸发量远大于降雨量的特点,在若尔盖县生活垃圾卫生填埋场渗滤液污染控制中采用了渗滤液循环回喷处理技术,可实现在填埋运营期渗滤液不外排,同时,结合工程设计,介绍了渗滤液产量的计算方法、处理系统的组成、回喷系统的设计以及构筑物设计等情况.     

垃圾渗滤液处理技术的新进展

城市垃圾渗滤液是一种成分复杂,有机物、氨氮浓度高的难处理废水.有关垃圾渗滤液的研究已成为国内外环保领域研究的热点,根据国内外最新研究进展,分析了垃圾渗滤液处理技术的现状及发展趋势,重点介绍了化学法、物化法、物化生联合法以及土地处理法等多种处理方法.并对处理工艺的选取提出了一些建议.     

不同条件对蒸发法处理垃圾渗滤液效果的影响

利用蒸发法对中老龄垃圾渗滤液进行处理,通过定时分批对蒸发后的渗滤液进行取样测定,研究在不同蒸发温度、不同风速条件下渗滤液在蒸发过程中pH 值、有机物及氨氮含量的变化规律。结果表明: 蒸发浓缩液中pH 值变化幅度不大; 渗滤液中有机污染物在不同的蒸发条件下总量在减少,但减少量不大; 在蒸发温度为25℃,风速为1. 5 m/s 的条件下氨氮的去除效率为37%。     

天然与改性膨润土组合处理难生物降解垃圾渗滤液的实验研究

以北京市阿苏卫垃圾填埋场中晚期渗滤液为研究对象,通过正交实验的方法分析了改性土、原土、明矾、改性土加明矾等的用量及搅拌速度、搅拌时间、静置时间等因素对垃圾渗滤液CODcr去除率的影响。通过对改性土、原土、明矾处理垃圾渗滤液的机理进行分析后,将改性土、原土分别用来处理垃圾渗滤液中可溶性物质中的疏水性物质和亲水性物质,并结合明矾的絮凝作用组合处理垃圾渗滤液。处理后垃圾渗滤液CODcr值从4700mg/L明显下降到839mg/L,CODcr去除率为82.15%,BOD5从700mg/L下降到263mg/L,BOD5去除率为62.43%。有机改性膨润土、明矾、原土组合处理是一种有效的处理垃圾渗滤液方法。     

有机化膨润土处理垃圾渗滤液方法研究

<正>目前,城市生活垃圾的主要处置方法是卫生填埋。但在填埋阶段以及填埋场封场后监管期间产生的垃圾渗滤液,由于有机物繁杂、氨氮浓度高、重金属种类多、水质变化大、后期可生化性差,对其无害化处理作为一项技术难题一直没有     

城市生活垃圾填埋场浅论

城市生活垃圾的处理为城市管理的一大难题 ,垃圾填埋场地的合理选择与布局直接关系到场地四周的环境质量。加强场址的地质环境研究工作 ,有助于防止和减少填埋场对地质环境及生态环境的危害。     

城市生活垃圾卫生填埋土料的工程性质

在生产垃圾的卫生填埋中，填土层对垃圾淋滤液渗稼的阻滞作用具有重要意义。在大量试验的基础上，对成都万兴固体废弃物处置场填土料的压实性，渗透性及其相互关系作了深入探讨，并建立了关系式，为全面研究填埋结构的优化设计提供了重要依据。     

垃圾填埋场抽水试验及降水方案设计

垃圾填埋场中的渗滤液水位过高会引发一系列环境和稳定问题,工程上可用竖井抽水降低渗滤液水位。通过在填埋场现场进行抽水试验,确定垃圾土的渗透系数和抽水影响半径,在此基础上对填埋场降水的瞬态流问题进行有限元模拟,分析了抽水井口径和间距对填埋场降水的影响,提出了降水方案的设计步骤和方法。抽水试验表明,现场垃圾的渗透系数约为3.6×10-4cm/s,抽水影响半径约为20m。数值分析表明,井径的变化对于降水效果影响不大,而合理选择抽水井间距对降水十分关键。进行抽水方案设计时,应首先根据工期和降水幅度要求计算井间距,按井的出水速度选择水泵,再根据水泵确定井径,最后根据井径和过滤层形式确定钻孔尺寸并选择钻机。     

Analyses on a high leachate mound in a landfill of municipal solid waste in China

The leachate levels in the landfills in southern China are generally high. Field monitoring was carried out in the Suzhou landfill to investigate the leachate mound. The saturated hydraulic conductivity and soil–water characteristic curve (SWCC) of municipal solid waste were measured using samples taken from different depths of the landfill. Field monitoring reveals that a perched leachate mound and a substantial main leachate mound existed in the landfill. The saturated hydraulic conductivities of wastes in shallow, middle and deep depth were measured to be 4.81 × 10^?2, 3.50 × 10^?3 and 3.56 × 10^?4 cm/s, respectively. The results of SWCC tests show that the SWCC curve was steep when matric suction was low, and the shallower the waste the steeper would be the curve. In addition to the field and laboratory tests, an unsaturated–saturated seepage analysis was conducted to simulate the development of the high leachate mound and to calculate the annual leachate production. The simulated volumetric water content in the unsaturated zone was about 40 %, which agreed well with the test result. The calculated leachate mound was consistent with the field measurement. The calculated annual and daily leachate productions were all more reasonable than the results of the HELP model.     

Fate and transport of pollutants through a municipal solid waste landfill leachate in Sri Lanka

This study focuses on the characterization of leachate generated from Gohagoda dumpsite in Kandy, Sri Lanka, assessment of its spatial and temporal variations, and identification of subsurface canals and perched water bodies in the wetland system affected by the leachate flow. Leachate samples were collected monthly throughout dry and rainy seasons from different points of the leachate drainage channel over a period of 1 year and they were tested for quality parameters: pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved soils, alkalinity, hardness, total solids, volatile solids, total suspended solids, volatile suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅), chemical oxygen demand, nitrate-nitrogen, nitrite-nitrogen, phosphates, ammonium-nitrogen, chloride, dissolved organic carbon, total organic carbon and heavy metals. Sequential soil extraction procedures were performed for the characterization of leachate-affected local soil. A geophysical survey using direct current resistivity technique was conducted at locations downstream of the dumpsite. Leachate characteristics indicated that the leachate is in the methanogenic phase and the results strongly suggest that the leachate may be polluting the river where the leachate is discharged directly. Leachate exceeds the allowable limits of Sri Lankan wastewater discharge standards for many of the parameters. Significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed for most of organic and inorganic parameters among all sampling locations. Many parameters showed a negative correlation with pH. The affected soils showed high heavy metal concentrations. Resistivity study confirmed a confined leachate flow at the near surface with few subsurface canals. However, no separate subsurface plume movement was observed. The results of this research can effectively be used for the establishment of an efficient and effective treatment method for the Gohagoda landfill leachate.     

Temporal changes in leachate chemistry of a municipal solid waste landfill cell in Florida,USA

Evaluation of 12 years of landfill leachate chemical data from a lined cell of municipal waste in south Florida, USA shows an overall declining trend in major ion chemistry. The leachate is dominantly Cl, Na, HCO₃ and organic solutes. There are significant short-term variations in concentration that appear to be related to rainfall, rather than fundamental changes to leachate composition. Inorganic parameters related to pH, such as alkalinity, calcium, and magnesium appear to be chemically buffered. Chromium, cobalt, vanadium, zinc, and the metalloid boron display significant short-term co-variance with a decreasing trend. Iron and manganese concentrations increased significantly after capping. Based on the predominance of ammonia, historic methane generation, and increasing trends for iron and manganese after closure, the landfill cell has an anaerobic (reducing) interior environment. The reducing conditions were enhanced by capping and caused the most redox sensitive metals (manganese and iron) to become more mobile.     

兴义市生活垃圾无害化处理工程的设计与施工

本文贵州省兴义市生活垃圾无害化处理工程为例，介绍了设计与施工过程中的几点体会。     

Biosorption an innovative tool for bioremediation of metal-contaminated municipal solid waste leachate: optimization and mechanisms exploration

Municipal solid waste poses a risk on surrounding environment and public health, mainly because of unscientific disposal and shortage of facilities for proper handling and recycling of leachate. This research article objective is to pinpoint the indigenous fungal isolates of waste leachate samples. Therefore, we carried out biosorption of Cd²⁺ tested the applicability by applying indigenous fungal isolates. The limited number of fungal isolates was found based on their ability for biosorption of Cd²⁺ metal. The fungal strains Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus were reported as potential strains for metal exclusion ability from the leachate. Among them, the Trichoderma sp. was found as excellent fungal agent for Cd²⁺ absorption. The optimum pH was 5.5 ± 1, temperature 45 °C, and spore concentration 10^?5 to achieve the maximum biosorption, and 35 days of incubation period were required by three strains. The maximum metal biosorption achieved was comparable for the three isolates: 56.34% by Trichoderma sp., 44.74 and 42.04% by A. niger and A. flavus, respectively. Concluding, the further intending application to identified potentially fungal isolates is able to improve the efficiency of metal biosorption. These strains are recommended for development of consortia could become a best technique for MSW leachate treatment if its reliability and applicability should be verified prior to technology acceptance.     

垃圾填土压缩特性的室内试验研究

在调查分析了典型生活垃圾填埋场成分组成的基础上,配制了9组具有不同初始物理力学性质的垃圾土,共54个试样,进行室内常规固结试验。试样有两种尺寸,用来对比试样尺寸的影响;着重分析了初始含水量W、初始孔隙比e0及易降解有机物含量B0对垃圾填土压缩性的影响。试样的初始孔隙比变化范围为：e0 为2.5～4.6;初始含水量w的变化为50 %～100 %;易降解有机物含量B0 为10.1 %～45.1 %。分析结果表明,压缩指数Cc为0.824 2～1.234 6;修正压缩指数 为0.165 9～0.243 6,与国内外相似研究的取值基本一致。提出了考虑垃圾填土初始物理参数的压缩参数建议取值方法,为指导工程实践提供参考。     

不同龄期垃圾渗滤液对浅层地下水污染的实验研究

为了深入了解垃圾渗滤液对浅层地下水污染的机理,揭示不同龄期垃圾渗滤液在浅层地下水中多组分运移规律,文章以阜新市垃圾填埋场为研究对象,通过室内土柱对比实验,研究了不同龄期垃圾渗滤液在浅层地下水中多组分运移的机理和规律。结果表明不同龄期垃圾渗滤液在入渗过程中都会引起地下水不同程度的污染,且新鲜垃圾渗滤液较老龄垃圾渗滤液更易污染地下水,其污染机理主要为吸附、解析、溶解、沉淀和离子交换等水岩作用。研究结果为今后垃圾填埋场的治理和地下水的修复提供理论依据。     

垃圾土蠕变-降解特性的室内试验研究

通过室内蠕变-降解对比试验,研究了城市固体废弃物（MSW）的长期变形过程,详细地分析了MSW应变、沉降速率以及孔隙比随时间的变化规律。试验结果显示,考虑有机物降解情况下沉降速率与时间在双对数坐标下呈线性关系;不同的生物降解条件下MSW的变形特性表现出不同的规律。研究表明,MSW的蠕变变形是应力与有机物生物降解耦合作用的结果,采用室内蠕变-降解试验可以很好地模拟垃圾土的沉降变形过程,为室内进一步研究垃圾土的蠕变降解特性提供了很好的依据。