基坑开挖对邻近地铁隧道影响的Midas GTS三维数值模拟分析

随着城市地铁工程的高速发展,地面建筑物基坑的施工将必然会对邻近的地铁隧道造成一定的影响,运用Midas GTS三维数值模拟计算软件分析基坑开挖对邻近地铁隧道的影响,对地层自重固结、基坑开挖施工的整个过程进行模拟分析,计算的结果与实际监测数据进行对比表明,该方法对实际工程有一定的指导意义。     

基坑开挖施工对临近地铁影响的实测分析

邻近地铁深基坑施工将导致隧道位移,甚至影响到运营安全。通过对某深基坑施工监测结果得出在各阶段施工过程中,必须及时进行支撑和隧道位称特点的监测,提出若干结论及建议。     

建筑物对浅埋隧道开挖地表沉降的影响

采用解析法研究穿越地表建筑物浅埋隧道开挖引起的地表沉降。由无建筑物时岩土体开挖引起的地表沉降公式及半无限平面在均布荷载下的相对沉陷,推导出了穿越地表建筑物浅埋隧道施工引起的地表沉降公式,并通过实例验证了此方法的可行性。采用上述方法研究了地表建筑物的重量及其与浅埋隧道位置关系对地表沉降的影响,研究结果表明：浅埋隧道开挖引起的地表沉降随建筑物重量的增大而增大;建筑物中心到隧道轴线的水平距离是对地表沉降的一个重要影响因素,超过一定范围时建筑物的存在对地表沉降的影响可以忽略不计。研究结果可为类似隧道工程提供一定参考。     

深基坑开挖对武汉长江隧道影响数值模拟

以临近武汉长江隧道的华电集团华中总部研发基地基坑项目为研究对象,采用岩土、隧道结构专用有限元分析软件 MIDAS/GTS NX对该基坑施工过程中的9个施工工况进行模拟,得到基坑开挖完成后的地层、连续墙、隧道变形情况以及基坑开挖前后的隧道应力情况,并进行分析,得出模型的建立是合理可行的,且基坑开挖、支护变形带动坑外土体位移,引起临近基坑侧隧道产生水平位移最大值为4.17 mm;隧道的应力值与基坑开挖前的变化不大,在安全范围内。     

京源口隧道开挖对赖邦村水源的影响

通过对赖邦村取水区、京源口隧道区的水文地质与工程地质条件,以及断水时间与隧道开挖的对应部位的调查,得到的结论是隧洞开挖揭穿了赖邦村取水区的主要补给源--构造裂隙含水系统,使其改变了原有的排泄条件,导致地下水向隧道集中渗漏,是造成取水区水量不断减少的主要原因.     

大跨度公路隧道开挖过程三维模拟研究

采用FLAC-3D程序,对大跨度公路隧道的开挖全过程进行了三维模拟,给出了隧道开挖不同阶段的围岩应力、变形、塑性区的分布状态,据此对隧道稳定性进行评价.通过开挖过程的三维数值模拟,可了解大跨度隧道围岩应力分布、支护受力状态,剖析施工过程对围岩稳定的影响,从而为合理调整支护参数和措施,提供重要依据和参考.     

隧道开挖模拟计算中的模型识别方法初探

介绍了利用隧道施工的位移量测信息来选择计算模型的原理和方法。应用实例表明，本文所提出的方法有较好的应用前景。     

通渝隧道进口施工动态开挖过程的数值模拟研究

根据通渝公路隧道进口偏压段台阶分部法施工的特点 ,采用有限元方法对其动态开挖过程进行数值模拟分析 ,以指导隧道信息化施工实践     

A Completely 3D Model for the Simulation of Mechanized Tunnel Excavation

For long deep tunnels as currently under construction through the Alps, mechanized excavation using tunnel boring machines (TBMs) contributes significantly to savings in construction time and costs. Questions are, however, posed due to the severe ground conditions which are in cases anticipated or encountered along the main tunnel alignment. A major geological hazard is the squeezing of weak rocks, but also brittle failure can represent a significant problem. For the design of mechanized tunnelling in such conditions, the complex interaction between the rock mass, the tunnel machine, its system components, and the tunnel support need to be analysed in detail and this can be carried out by three-dimensional (3D) models including all these components. However, the state-of-the-art shows that very few fully 3D models for mechanical deep tunnel excavation in rock have been developed so far. A completely three-dimensional simulator of mechanised tunnel excavation is presented in this paper. The TBM of reference is a technologically advanced double shield TBM designed to cope with both conditions. Design analyses with reference to spalling hazard along the Brenner and squeezing along the Lyon–Turin Base Tunnel are discussed.     

基于高性能并行计算的隧道开挖数值模拟

随着岩土工程规模的不断扩大、复杂性的增加以及计算参数的多样化和计算精度的提高, 人们对于计算机计算能力的要求越来越高, 然而单处理器无法满足这类大规模计算.从数据输入、区域分解、线性方程组的迭代求解、后处理等方面详细阐述高性能计算平台上并行有限元求解大规模岩土工程的关键问题.提出了利用MPI2的新特性进行海量数据的分段并行读入, 采用ParMetis软件并行地进行区域分解, 实现了前处理过程的完全并行化; 采用基于Jacobi预处理技术的预处理共轭梯度法(PCG)进行线性方程组的并行迭代求解; 采用Paraview软件实现了后处理的并行可视化.在深腾7000系统上对某隧道工程的三维开挖过程进行了数值模拟, 对其并行性能进行了分析和评价, 验证了采用的区域分解算法和系统方程组的求解方法的可行性, 并且具有较高的加速比和并行效率.      

小净距隧道开挖方法和中岩柱加固技术探讨

小净距隧道是有别于连拱隧道和分离式隧道的一种特殊的隧道结构形式，其施工方法和中岩柱加固技术还处于研究发展阶段。论述了小净距隧道开挖方法和中岩柱加固技术。     

三台阶七步开挖法在大断面隧道施工中的应用

三台阶七步开挖法作为三台阶法的延伸,正越来越多地应用到大断面隧道施工中。以兰渝铁路香木湾隧道工程为例,对三台阶七步开挖法的特点、施工组织、工艺流程、施工要点等进行了详细的介绍。     

基坑开挖对周边环境的影响

为了更深入地研究深基坑开挖对周边环境的影响,运用Midas GTS/NX软件对长春某深基坑工程开挖过程中周边建筑物进行了模拟,并与现场监测结果进行对比分析,探讨了周边环境的变化规律。结果表明：深基坑开挖会引起围护结构产生朝向基坑内的水平位移,位移最大值为10.8 mm,与实际监测数据7.9 mm相差了2.9 mm,计算结果与实测结果在误差许可范围内基本吻合;对于浅基础建筑物,在距离基坑0.6H~0.8H（H为基坑开挖深度）处建筑物沉降和地表沉降差异较大,建筑物表现为不均匀沉降。     

Numerical Investigation of the Dynamic Compressive Behaviour of Rock Materials at High Strain Rate

The dynamic compressive strength of rock materials increases with the strain rate. They are usually obtained by conducting laboratory tests such as split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test or drop-weight test. It is commonly agreed now that the dynamic increase factor (DIF) obtained from impact test is affected by lateral inertia confinement, friction confinement between the specimen and impact materials and the specimen sizes and geometries. Therefore, those derived directly from testing data do not necessarily reflect the true dynamic material properties. The influences of these parameters, however, are not straightforward to be quantified in laboratory tests. Therefore, the empirical DIF relations of rock materials obtained directly from impact tests consist of contributions from lateral inertia and end friction confinements, which need be eliminated to reflect the true dynamic material properties. Moreover, different rocks, such as granite, limestone and tuff have different material parameters, e.g., equation of state (EOS) and strength, which may also affect the DIF of materials but are not explicitly studied in the open literature. In the present study, numerical models of granite, limestone and tuff materials with different EOS and strength under impact loads are developed to simulate SHPB tests and to study the influences of EOS and strength, lateral inertia confinement and end friction confinement effects on their respective DIFs in the strain rate range between 1 and 1,000 s^?1. The commercial software AUTODYN with user-provided subroutines is used to perform the numerical simulations of SHPB tests. Numerical simulation results indicate that the lateral inertia confinement, friction confinement and specimen aspect (L/D) ratio significantly influence DIF obtained from impact tests and the inertia confinement effect is different for different rocks. Based on the numerical results, quantifications on the relative contributions from the lateral inertia confinement and the material strain rate effect on DIF of granite, limestone and tuff material compressive strength are made. The effects of friction coefficient, L/D ratio and rock type on DIF are discussed. Empirical relations of DIF with strain rate for the three rock materials representing the true material strain rate effect are also proposed.     

Appropriate Uses and Practical Limitations of 2D Numerical Analysis of Tunnels and Tunnel Support Response

In spite of the gradual development of three-dimensional analysis packages utilizing finite element models or finite difference algorithms for stress–strain calculations, two-dimensional (2D) analysis is still used as the primary engineering tool for practical analysis of tunnel behavior and tunnel support performance for design—particularly at the preliminary stage of a project. The applicability of 2D finite element analysis or analytical convergence confinement solutions to staged support installation depend on the application of an assumed or validated longitudinal displacement profile. Convergence in commonly applied 2D staged models is controlled by boundary displacement or internal pressure relaxation. While there have been developments to improve this methodology, this often assumes independence between the ground reaction curve and the support resistance, independence between the longitudinal displacement profile to support application, and the assumption that non-isotropic stresses and non-circular geometries can be handled in the same way as circular tunnels in isotropic conditions. This paper examines the validity of these assumptions and the error inherent in these extensions to 2D tunnel analysis. Anisotropic stresses and lagged (staged) excavation present a particular problem. Practical solutions are proposed for support longitudinal displacement LDPs in simplified conditions.     

盾构法隧道开挖卸荷回弹试验研究

本文以上海某盾构法隧道开挖为例,根据原状土卸载应力路径下的回弹试验结果,探讨了土体在卸荷状态下的变形特性,并对盾构法隧道开挖卸荷影响深度进行了初步分析探讨。     

考虑渗流场作用下的隧道开挖分析

由于隧道的开挖,破坏了初始地应力场与渗流场。以圆形隧道为例,采用有限差分程序计算考虑渗流场作用时,隧道开挖后洞室周围应力场、孔隙水压力、位移场的分布情况,并对比计算了是否考虑渗流效应时位移场的差异,以及不同水位导致的位移场的不同分布状态。提出了相应的隧道防排水、设计与施工相关建议。