兴隆台地区火山岩油藏裂缝测井评价

本文以辽河兴隆台地区中生代火山岩为例论述裂缝储层测井评价方法及其应用,包括预处理、建立裂缝参数解释模型、测井资料处理等,揭示了火山岩裂缝储层特征;认为低角度裂缝较发育,倾斜裂缝中等发育,高角度裂缝较少;按三级裂缝储层评价,裂缝宽度在30～90μm之间的中等储层最为发育。研究结果已用于该区火山岩油藏的进一步勘探。     

胜坨油田沙河街组二段复杂断块油藏水淹层测井解释研究

以胜坨油田发育的典型复杂断块油藏为例,利用密闭取芯井资料建立判别关系和测井解释模型,进行沙河街组二段1-3砂组复杂断块油藏水淹层测井解释。首先介绍了该水淹层测井响应特征,接着应用多项式趋势面分析方法对测井数据进行标准化处理,并选择测井资料齐全、质量可靠、有钻井取芯和录井、试油资料的井为关键井,结合试油试采、岩芯分析资料建立测井解释模型。结果表明：胜坨油田沙河街组二段1-3砂组复杂断块油藏已经进入高含水阶段,水淹层发生明显的自然电位曲线基线偏移、地层电阻率降低、自然伽马降低、声波时差增大等现象;选择沙二段顶部的高阻白云岩段（厚度为8～12 m）作为标准层进行标准化处理;声波时差三次趋势面分析效果较好,拟合度达到22.6%,平均校正量为14μs/m;T4j17、T2-121井取芯井段较长且收获率较高,分析化验资料较丰富,测井资料齐全且质量较好,能够反映沙二段1-3砂组复杂断块油藏储层特征,被选为关键井;建立泥质体积分数、粒度中值、孔隙度、渗透率、含水饱和度等解释模型。最后,通过对水淹层的测井资料进行逐井处理、计算机逐点或按层输出主要储层参数等3个方面检验解释模型,定量评价了测井解释模型的应用效果。结果表明：测井解释结果与岩芯物性和生产数据吻合较好,获得了较为可靠的地区储层地质分析结果,可为注水开发调整提供有效的参考。     

我国典型陆相特低渗油藏的系统表征方法综述

准确评价开发潜力、确定合理的开采技术政策是特低渗油藏精细表征的根本目标.以准噶尔盆地和鄂尔多斯盆地典型陆相特低渗油藏为对象,通过地质、测井、储层建模、油藏工程多学科研究,形成了砂体结构-储层属性-开发潜力-体化系统表征技术方法.依靠高分辨率层序结构识别及精细层序划分,以及多井对比、地质综合解释与开发动态校验等技术揭示了...     

滨南油田砂砾岩储层测井精细解释模型及其应用

滨南油田单16块沙三下亚段以厚层块状砂砾岩为主,夹薄层泥岩,测井解释难度较大。这里以取心井岩心分析为基础,分别研究砾岩、砂砾岩储层岩性、物性、电性和合油性相互之间的关系,分别建立了砾岩和砂砾岩孔隙度、渗透率、含油饱和度测井解释模型。应用所建测井解释模型,对研究区三十口井进行了二次解释。结果表明,分岩性建立的测井解释模型具有较高精度,应用该方法对提高砂砾岩油藏储层测井精细解释的准确性具有实际意义。     

安塞油田三叠系长6致密砂岩油藏有效厚度下限探讨

有效厚度是储层测井解释的一个重要组成部分,其中有效厚度下限的确定对划分有效储层具有关键性的作用,包括电性下限和储层的物性下限.以安塞油田某区长6油层组为例,通过岩心分析资料,地质录井、化验分析及邻井的试油试采资料综合分析,认为长6属于典型的低孔低渗油层.岩性、物性的差异控制着储层油藏的富集程度,确定储层物性下限的标准:孔隙度为7％,渗透率为0.1mD;电性下限的标准:电阻率为14Ω·m,声波时差为219μs/m.利用有效厚度的物性、电性下限和夹层的扣除标准,划分单井的有效厚度,提高目的层段油藏测井解释和有利区预测的精度.     

精细测井二次解释模型在L油田应用研究

开发中后期油田对储层参数精细二次解释要求高,直接影响老油田剩余油挖潜策略的制定。以L油田为研究对象,充分利用录井、岩心、取芯井分析化验和试油试采等资料,建立了更为科学合理的测井二次解释新模型,消除了测井系列多、标准多和解释时间跨度长等带来的误差,储层参数解释精度提高了8%;完成了71口井的测井重解释以及31个小层的孔隙度及渗透率等值线图绘制,提高了储层参数在平面和纵向上的空间分布预测准确度;结合储层构造、沉积特征,通过相邻井的横向和纵向比较,提高了解释结果与实际地质情况匹配度,为老油田剩余油有效深度挖潜提供更为有利的地质依据。     

低孔低渗储层渗透率测井解释模型研究

采用岩心分析数据与测井曲线相结合的方法,引入泥质含量参数配合声波时差进行多元线性回归分析。建立鄂尔多斯盆地研究区低孔低渗储层渗透率测井解释模型。根据泥质含量特征二次分类后进行多元线性回归,建立两个渗透率测井解释模型相关性良好,对应于研究区两种不同的沉积微相特征;测井解释渗透率与岩心实测渗透率匹配良好,解释模型满足研究区精度要求。在沉积微相背景约束条件下,对研究区储层选择合理参数多元线性回归建立渗透率测井解释模型,可以使低孔低渗储层渗透率解释达到良好应用效果。     

精细测井二次解释模型在L油田应用研究

开发中后期油田对储层参数精细二次解释要求高,直接影响老油田剩余油挖潜策略的制定。以L油田为研究对象,充分利用录井、岩心、取芯井分析化验和试油试采等资料,建立了更为科学合理的测井二次解释新模型,消除了测井系列多、标准多和解释时间跨度长等带来的误差,储层参数解释精度提高了8%;完成了71口井的测井重解释以及31个小层的孔隙度及渗透率等值线图绘制,提高了储层参数在平面和纵向上的空间分布预测准确度;结合储层构造、沉积特征,通过相邻井的横向和纵向比较,提高了解释结果与实际地质情况匹配度,为老油田剩余油有效深度挖潜提供更为有利的地质依据。     

地震油藏地质研究及其在大港滩海地区的应用

针对滩海地区油藏评价阶段"井点少,以地震资料为主,面向水平井、大斜度井开发需要"的特点和要求,提出地震油藏地质研究的思路、方法和技术,其涉及的内容包括地震地层划分对比、地震构造精细解释、地震沉积相研究、地震储层预测、地震油藏流体识别以及油气分布的不均一性研究。以地震沉积学的原理及方法为指导,以单井相分析为基础,将地震高阶信息应用于沉积相平面分析;利用地层切片技术在地震数据体中提取等时地层单元信息,结合各种地震属性参数的分布研究不同地层单元的沉积相分布及其演化史。在对储集层特征进行重构基础上的随机模拟地震反演是储层表征与预测的有效方法。地震油藏地质研究的主要目的是揭示油藏的非均质性及油气分布的不均一性,进而较准确地评价油藏。实现这一目的的关键一方面是依据地质模式减少地震信息的多解性和提高地震信息的纵向分辨率;二是探索如何将地震信息与测井、录井、地质等多种信息真正融合起来,综合分析和解决地质问题。通过大港滩海地区地震油藏地质研究,发现研究区油气分布的不均一现象,这对认识复杂油藏具有重要意义。     

波阻抗反演在气藏描述中的应用

波阻抗是储集岩的一种重要物性参数,同振幅等反映界面性质的参数相比,具有低的多解性和更高的储层横向预测精度,运用测井约束的地震波阻抗反演,可以较准确地获取储层波阻抗参数,再运用井上测井资料,建立砂体解释模型和储层含气性解释模型,可以获得较准确的砂体等厚度图和波阻抗平面分布图,达到储层横向预测的目的。     

层间氧化带中褪色带的成因及其找矿意义

本文列举了国内外层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床中的一些褪色现象 ,从宏观到微观地分析了褪色带的成因 ,认为褪色带的形成是在层间氧化带形成后 ,由深部上升的还原性气体或油气对氧化砂体进行还原的产物。运用国内外典型的事例说明主要工业铀矿体产于褪色带与原生带之间 ,由于褪色带是次生还原的产物 ,往往会将褪色带误认为是原生带 ,从而导致主要工业铀矿体漏失。由此分析推断出 :乌库尔其地区西部的 2 5 3线一带和中部的 3 89～ 42 1线一带第Ⅴ旋回铀矿体可能还在沿倾向向前延伸 ,目前已揭露的铀晕带是褪色带而不是还原带 ,这些地段的铀矿找矿工作应重新认识评价。     

西藏拉轨岗日构造带孔木韧性剪切带特征

在拉轨岗日构造带佩枯错新发现了一条韧性剪切带,至少存在3期变形。韧性剪切作用可能与应变能转化的热能有关,应变能常沿断裂集中,形成方解石脉;然后,经由北往南的逆冲推覆,形成(叠瓦状)逆冲推覆构造;最后,由于山体重力势能的作用,伸展跨塌。该剪切带成为藏南拆离系的组成部分。     

舒兰-尚志断裂带地质及地球物理场特征

舒兰—尚志断裂是依兰—伊通断裂的中段,通过布格重力异常和航磁△T异常的分析及数据处理、场的转换、异常分离、重力、航磁、地震综合解释确定F1、F2、F3、F4、F5为主要断裂。通过地质特征对该区地层、岩浆活动有一定了解。对断裂盆地认识及从区域性了解第三纪含煤建造特征与构造体系的关系。通过资料总结为后期煤炭资源勘查提出建议和方案。     

Subduction zone geochemistry

Crustal recycling at convergent plate boundaries is essential to mantle heterogeneity.However,crustal signatures in the mantle source of basaltic rocks above subduction zones were primarily incorporated in the form of liquid rather than solid phases.The physicochemical property of liquid phases is determined by the dehydration behavior of crustal rocks at the slab-mantle interface in subduction channels.Because of the significant fractionation in incompatible trace elements but the full inheritance in radiogenic isotopes relative to their crustal sources,the production of liquid phases is crucial to the geochemical transfer from the subducting crust into the mantle.In this process,the stability of specific minerals in subducting crustal rocks exerts a primary control on the enrichment of given trace elements in the liquid phases.For this reason,geochemically enriched oceanic basalts can be categorized into two types in terms of their trace element distribution patterns in the primitive mantle-normalized diagram.One is island arc basalts(IAB),showing enrichment in LILE,Pb and LREE but depletion in HFSE such as Nb and Ta relative to HREE,The other is ocean island basalts(OIB),exhibiting enrichment in LILE and LREE,enrichment or non-depletion in HFSE but depletion in Pb relative to HREE.In either types,these basalts show the enhanced enrichment of LILE and LREE with increasing their incompatibility relative to normal mid-ocean ridge basalts(MORB).The thermal regime of subduction zones can be categorized into two stages in both time and space,The first stage is characterized by compressional tectonism at low thermal gradients.As a consequence,metamorphic dehydration of the subducting crust prevails at forearc to subarc depths due to the breakdown of hydrous minerals such as mica and amphibole in the stability field of garnet and rutile,resulting in the liberation of aqueous solutions with the trace element composition that is considerably enriched in LILE,Pb and LREE but depleted in HFSE and HREE relative to normal MORB.This provides the crustal signature for the mantle sources of IAB.The second stage is indicated by extensional tectonism at high thermal gradients,leading to the partial melting of metamorphically dehydrated crustal rocks at subarc to postarc depths.This involves not only the breakdown of hydrous minerals such as amphibole,phengite and allanite in the stability field of garnet but also the dissolution of rutile into hydrous melts.As such,the hydrous melts can acquire the trace element composition that is significantly enriched in LILE,HFSE and LREE but depleted in Pb and HREE relative to normal MORB,providing the crustal signature for the mantle sources of OIB.In either case,these liquid phases would metasomatize the overlying mantle wedge peridotite at different depths,generating ultramafic metasomatites such as serpentinized and chloritized peridotites,and olivine-poor pyroxenites and hornblendites.As a consequence,the crustal signatures are transferred by the liquid phases from the subducting slab into the mantle.     

西藏拉轨岗日构造带孔木韧性剪切带特征

在拉轨岗日构造带佩枯错新发现了一条韧性剪切带，至少存在3期变形。韧性剪切作用可能与应变能转化的热能有关，应变能常沿断裂集中，形成方解石脉；然后，经由北往南的逆冲推覆，形成(叠瓦状)逆冲推覆构造；最后，由于山体重力势能的作用，伸展跨塌。该剪切带成为藏南拆离系的组成部分。     

The invaded zone in producing beds

The results of the invaded-zone investigation described in this article revealed that in the producing beds the zone ccnsists of 2 parts-- a part adjoining the wall of the well (which contains considerable amount of filtrate), and a more remote part in which capillary replacement of rock fluids by the filtrate was observed. In the producing beds, the latter part of the invaded zone had a high oil-gas saturation; this phenomenon was related to the spread of the filtrate over the layer as the result of capillary displacement and to the difference in the densities of filtrate, oil and gas. At a high gas-oil saturation of the invaded zone, the producing layers can be separated on the neutron-gamma logs or on electrical logs registered with small size sondes. It was not always possible to evaluate maximum yield of a producing bed according to the residual oil-gas saturation. In order to improve the technique of porosity evaluation or of the evaluation of the residual gas saturation coefficient, according to the geophysical parameters of the invaded zone, it was necessary to account for the nature of filtrate penetration into the producing layers. -- Petroleum Abstracts.     

Challenges in Norwegian coastal zone planning

The article identifies some of the challenges facing local structure planing of sea areas since the mid-1980s, and asks what has been achieved. This question concerns the quality of plans as tools for spatial ordering and development. On the basis of theories of communicative and strategic planning, a framework of assessment is evolved round two main concepts: the legitimacy and the flexibility of plans. These are supplemented with a conformance concept applicable to project planning. The article then examines specific planning problems and assesses processes and achievements in selected fish-farming communes on the coast of West and North Norway.