"冰臼"与"壶穴"之争

对目前见诸报端的“冰臼”之说进行了讨论, 认为目前广东范围内所见之“冰臼”实际上是现代流水地貌之“壶穴”, 并指出, 以“冰臼”作轰动效应来吸引游客, 发展旅游业是不够严谨的。     

贵州"数字林业"建设分析

针对信息技术的发展和林业发展的应用需要,对“数字林业”的概念、发展现状及存在问题进行了阐述。根据当前贵州省林业管理实际,遵循数字化林业建设的原则,提出贵州省数字林业系统建设的目标、内容和系统设计原则。     

"虚拟水"理论及其在中国的实践应用初步研究

“虚拟水”是国际上20世纪90年代初提出来的一个新概念,它主要是指缺水国家通过进口粮食而实现本国的水资源安全。中东和北非地区事实上已经实施了“虚拟水”战略,以保障当地的水资源安全。中国疆域辽阔,水资源分布时空不均衡性明显,通过对2000年中国各省(市)进出口粮食情况的分析发现,中国各省(市)之间已存在“虚拟水”现象,将各省(市)“虚拟水”进出口量与当地的水资源情况进行对比分析,从中可以发现中国各省(市)进出口“虚拟水”有4种表现形式,出现这些表现形式有多方面的原因。     

THE SPACES OF COPING: WOMEN AND "POVERTY" IN SINGAPORE

This paper investigates the relationship between space, gender and poverty in the dynamic Pacific Asian economy of Singapore. It argues for the use of coping strategies as an analytical tool for investigating these relationships, highlighting how women construct strategies from confined spaces. Drawing on spatial stories and real life accounts, it examines the ways in which women use the labour market, the family and community services as strategies against poverty. The paper concludes that women struggle to negotiate the constraints of inadequate childcare provision and traditional attitudes, choosing instead to remain in the home or enter “liminal” spaces in the form of Family Service Centres.     

昆明近郊"农家乐"旅游发展的优势与策略研究

目前,中国假日结构的调整导致人们集中出游,形成高峰性需求,造成交通运输压力的加大和资源配置的浪费。“农家乐”旅游的开发,不仅开发了新的旅游产品,拓展了旅游项目,还可缓解旅游热点地区假日旅游的压力。昆明近郊“农家乐”旅游发展有其特有的优势,但也存在不少问题,对其持续健康发展造成一定影响。促进昆明近郊“农家乐”旅游发展,提出相应的发展对策措施,有利于提高昆明乃至云南旅游业的整体文化品位,是适应全球旅游大发展形势的紧要举措。     

"VALUING THE TROPICS": DISCOURSES OF DEVELOPMENT IN THE FARM AND FOREST SECTORS OF FRENCH INDOCHINA, circa 1900–40

The paper examines how land and forest management policies were elaborated in French Indochina circa 1900–40. It places their development in the context of a scientific and economic discourse about the value of land and forest resources, the most appropriate ways in which they might be exploited and the relationship between colonial science and indigenous knowledge. By focusing on debates and laws relating to the development of small‐scale and plantation farming systems (Land Code legislations) and forest management and exploitation (Forest Code legislations) the paper seeks to ground arguments about Western conceptions of the “tropics” within a discussion of national policy development and impacts. Focusing primarily on Cochinchina and Annam (southern and central Vietnam) and drawing on materials from French archives, the paper shows how changes in both attitudes and legislation have had lasting consequences on systems of property rights in forest management and on the place and status of indigenous peoples in Indochina.     

GIS AND URBAN STUDIES: POSITIVISM,POST-POSITIVISM,AND BEYOND

An information theoretic model is used to compare the evolution of the spatial distribution of corporate headquarters in the United States during the period 1957- 1979 with an ideal time-space model. Dispersion of headquarters across the regions of the U.S. has been the dominant trend for most subsectors of the economy since the mid-1960s. Corporate concentration has been a compensatory trend that has left the overall system dispersion of headquarter location at a stable and unchanging level for the country as a whole.     

资源诅咒视角下的澳门社会经济发展探析

20世纪80年代后,越来越多资源丰裕的国家陷入了增长陷阱,称之为"资源诅咒"现象。资源不仅包括自然资源,而是包含资本、信息、人力、制度等的"大资源","制度"或者特殊的"政策"属于"大资源"范畴。澳门地区的赌权属于特殊的政策资源。近年来,澳门博彩业迅猛发展使得生产资源过度聚集,不断挤压其他行业尤其是中小企业的生存空间。除了建筑业受益于博彩业的迅速扩张而实现短期上升之外,澳门其他两大产业制造业和金融保险业的比重不断下降,尤其是制造业萎缩严重。澳门经济结构的单一化问题更加突出,"马太效应"和"挤出效应"明显,经济社会发展开始出现"资源诅咒"现象。     

POVERTY SEGREGATION IN WEST GERMAN CITIES - THE "AMERICANIZATION" HYPOTHESIS AND ITS EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE

It is generally assumed that the segregation of the poor in German cities is increasing as a result of cumulative polarization processes in a capitalist economy. This has led to the assumption that German cities are increasingly becoming similar to American cities. The idea of an "Americanization" specifically includes the development of the inner-city "poverty ghettos" and their adverse implications for urban social development in general, which is the focus of this paper. Empirical findings based on analyses in five major German cities do not support these assumptions. In particular there is evidence that local businesses can function as a stabilizing factor in high-poverty neighborhoods, which counteracts developments that are associated with American "poverty ghettos." These findings indicate that the significance of poverty segregation is overestimated in the debate on urban social development in Germany. Rather, a conceptualization of urban social development needs to integrate the structure and development of both population and local business at the neighborhood level. [Key words: poverty, segregation, ghetto, local business, Germany.]     

滇西北三江并流区土地利用变化研究

土地利用变化会改变地表覆盖,从而影响环境质量及陆地生态系统性质。开展区域土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究,可为区域土地资源优化利用和可持续发展提供科学依据。以第二次土壤普查资料和土地详查资料为依据,采用土地利用变化指数模型,定量分析三江并流区1983年到1999年土地利用变化特征,结果表明:(1)与土地利用结构分析法相比,土地利用变化指数模型更能反映土地变化趋势及在时空上变化特点;(2)研究区土地利用程度不断提高,其中林地园地、耕地与城郊用地增加较快;(3)1983～1996年间的变化大于1996～1999年间的变化;(4)州政府所在地(香格里拉县、泸水县、丽江县)的变化较其它地区大;(5)土地利用变化的主要原因是社会经济因素,包括人口增长、科技进步、经济增长、传统文化继承与发展、政策变化等。     

LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT UNDER THE "NIC" MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT: RECENT EVIDENCE FROM MAURITIUS

The export-based development strategies of the Newly Industrialising Countries (NICs) of East Asia, associated with high labour absorption in manufacturing, low unemployment rates, and rising skill levels, are often suggested as a model for other developing countries. The paper examines labour and employment trends from 1963 to 1988 in Mauritius, a country that explicitly adopted the NIC model in the early seventies. The trends show a number of similarities to NIC labour and employment patterns. The gains made since 1970, ironically, present constraints to sustaining economic development based on labour intensive production. Mauritius faces unique opportunities and challenges as it begins to make the shift to capital intensive manufacturing and service activities, the final step to NIC status.     

在沿海地区培育新增长极的构想--胶、辽携手带动环渤海,南、北并进拓展长三角

通过对区域自然地理和社会经济条件的综合分析,论证中国北部和中部沿海新增长极的合理选址所在(分别是渤海的入口处、长江口的崇明岛、位于杭州湾东侧的宁波-舟山),并就如何培育这些新增长极提出了初步的设想,包括:建设“渤海门户组合港”、莱州湾的围海成湖、封堵长江口北支、在崇明岛建设“江北上海”、把整个杭州湾全部围垦成陆。     

ISLANDS,LOVERS, AND OTHERS

ABSTRACT. Geography, experience, and imagination are all crucial to how we take measure of islands. Prime foci of legend and invention, islands have haunted humanity since the dawn of history. Why are they so intensely loved and loathed, desired and rejected, minutely scrutinized yet often perilously misjudged? On islands we feel alternately landed and adrift, magnified and reduced, fulfilled and voided, at home and in exile. These and other polarities are reviewed here with examples from Caribbean, Atlantic, Mediterranean, antipodean, and imaginary islands fancied by the creator.     

CREEKS,RUNS, AND HOLLOWS

Three samples of twenty drainage basins were analyzed to test the hypothesis that the generic terms “creeks,'’“runs,'’and “hollows'’connote streams of different size and velocity. Analysis of variance and Scheffé's test indicate the validity of a perceptual hierarchy among generics. It is suggested that other hierarchies may exist among geographically named features.     

《干旱区地理》1991—1995年载文的统计与分析

对《干旱区地理》５年的刊载论文的学科分布、栏目分布、出版时滞、篇密度、论文来源分布、引用文献等方面,运用统计与分析对比的方法予以回顾和总结,旨在对发表论文及信息质量作出比较客观的评估,以期进一步提高《干旱区地理》的质量。     

昭通“7.12”暴雨滑坡泥石流灾害初步研究

昭通“7.12”暴雨过程诱发了区域性滑坡泥石流的强烈活动,造成严重的灾害。本文通过对灾害现场考察,剖析了暴雨成因、时空分布,并阐明了“7.12”暴雨滑坡泥石流区域分布和成灾特征,并以彝良县为例,探讨了暴雨与滑坡泥石流形成关系。根据昭通地区暴雨滑坡泥石流发生规律和发展趋势,提出了减灾对策。     

800KaB．P．来西藏“一江两河”中游地区的气候与西南季风变化

西藏“一江两河”中游地区风成地层沉积时代、沉积相和磁化率等研究结果表明，早在８００ＫａＢ．Ｐ．前西南季风就已存在，受全球气候波动和青藏高原隆起的影响，其盛行衰变与东南季风具有较好的一致性，主要表现为本区地层所记录的气候变化信息不如东南季风区详细；而且西南季风因高原屏障作用给本区带来的降水愈来愈少，气候明显地向干冷化发展。