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An extended variable-grid global ocean circulation model and its preliminary results of the equatorial Pacific circulation 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
1IntroductionThetropicalPacificOceanplaysanimpor-tantroleintheclimatevariabilitiessuchasElNi-no-SouthernOscillation(ENSO)phenomenon(Chao,1993).ManystudieshavefoundthatthetropicalPacificvariabilitiescanhavesignifi-cantinfluenceontheoceancirculationintheseasadjacenttoChina(Yu,1985;Chaoetal.,1996;Wangetal.,2002).TheseaareaadjacenttoChinaischaracterizedbyitscomplextopog-raphyandnumerousnarrowstraits,andthusre-quiresafinegridtoresolve.Tostudytheinter-actionbetweenthetropicalPacificandChinas… 相似文献
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太平洋东南海域表层地转流场的季节及年际变化特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用1992~2001年Topex/Poseidon卫星高度计遥感资料分析了太平洋东南海域(5°~55°S,70°~120°W)表层流场的季节及年际变化特征。结果表明,南赤道流的季节变化主要体现在流速上,而秘鲁海流和西风漂流主要体现在流轴位置的移动上。表层流场的年际变化受El Nino影响,在El Nino期间,南赤道流和秘鲁海流均发生流向偏转现象,大部分海区流场被削弱(除低纬度海区外),而在其后的1998年La Nina期间,流场则重新被加强,西风漂流无明显的年际变化。 相似文献
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In this study, we develop a variable-grid global ocean general circulation model(OGCM) with a fine grid(1/6)°covering the area from 20°S–50°N and from 99°–150°E, and use the model to investigate the isopycnal surface circulation in the South China Sea(SCS). The simulated results show four layer structures in vertical: the surface and subsurface circulation of the SCS are characterized by the monsoon driven circulation, with basin-scaled cyclonic gyre in winter and anti-cyclonic gyre in summer. The intermediate layer circulation is opposite to the upper layer, showing anti-cyclonic gyre in winter but cyclonic gyre in summer. The circulation in the deep layer is much weaker in spring and summer, with the maximum velocity speed below 0.6 cm/s. In fall and winter, the SCS deep layer circulation shows strong east boundary current along the west coast of Philippine with the velocity speed at 1.5 m/s, which flows southward in fall and northward in winter. The results have also revealed a fourlayer vertical structure of water exchange through the Luzon Strait. The dynamics of the intermediate and deep circulation are attributed to the monsoon driving and the Luzon Strait transport forcing. 相似文献
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The influence of horizontal mixing on the thermal structure of the equatorial Pacific Ocean is examined based on a sigma coordinate model.In general,the distributions of the temperature and currents si... 相似文献
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INTRODUCFIONTheknowledgeoffinestructureandmicrostructureplaysamajorroleintheresearchofoceanicdiapycnalmixing.Sofarastheliteratureisconcerned,finestructuresareroughlydefinedassmallstructuresdistributedonverticalscalesfromImto100m(Munk,1981),whereasmicrostructureshavesmallerscales.Forsimplicity,thesetwofeatureswillbecalledfinestructures ThestudywassupportedbytheNationalNaturalaudienceFoundationofChinaundercontractsNo.49376257,No.4950/6071andNo.49676275,andtheResearchFundfortutorialPngr… 相似文献
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本文采用赤道β平面近似下的线性化正压扰动方程组,引入约化重力加速度后,得到了赤道驻波异常的解析解,给出了此解的计算结果,并与实际热带太平洋和印度洋流场异常复EOF分析的模态做了比较,得到以下主要结论:赤道驻波异常的模态1,其流场异常在整个大洋为半波,呈一致的纬向流;流场异常在热带大洋中部最大,并向赤道南北两侧迅速衰减,其被限制在赤道两侧约2º的范围内。赤道驻波的模态2,其流场异常在整个大洋为1波,在大洋东、西部纬向流的流动方向相反,流场异常向赤道南北两侧衰减的程度同模态1。赤道驻波异常分别满足南北走向的东、西海岸边条件。决定赤道驻波异常在赤道两侧衰减程度的系数,其仅与约化重力加速度和上层海水标准深度之乘积的平方根值成反比;当该值取得相同时该衰减程度也相同。赤道驻波异常的振荡频率与模态序号及上述平方根值成正比,与热带大洋宽度成反比;模态序号越低,该宽度越大,则该频率越低,相应振荡周期也越长;模态1的振荡周期最长。当取各参数为典型值,并取模态序号为1,再分别取热带太平洋和印度洋的宽度时,对赤道驻波异常计算的结果表明,其与实际相应海洋上层流场异常复EOF分析中得到的第一模态空间分布和年际变化相一致;这意味着此复EOF分析第一模态的本质是赤道驻波异常,这也表明该驻波异常在实际大洋中确实存在,并推断该驻波异常是ENSO和印度洋偶极子的形成机制之一。 相似文献
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为了描述北太平洋上空Hadley 环流的纬向结构特征, 利用NCEP 再分析资料(1979~2010 年), 研究了北太平洋上空Hadley 环流纬向结构的季节和年际变化。发现在西太平洋, Hadley 环流季节性上升支呈西北-东南倾斜, 其垂向核心位于对流层中层, 纬向核心在北半球冬季(夏季)位于日界线附近(150°E); 而永久性上升支主要在东太平洋, 其垂向核心位于对流层低层, 且沿经度东移逐渐增强。根据纬向环流结构特征, 北半球冬季环流形态分为3 个区域: 160°E 以西, 主要表现为低层辐合高层辐散;160°E~130°W, 主要表现为高层辐合; 130°W 以东, 表现为低层辐合高层辐散特征。相似地, 北半球夏季环流形态也可沿纬向分为如下3 个区域: 165°E 以西、165°E~165°W 和165°W 以东, 分别对应东亚夏季风主导经圈环流区、过渡区、Hadley 环流主导经圈环流区。在年际变化上, 北太平洋Hadley 环流与ENSO 有很强的相关, 这与前人的研究是一致的。因此北太平洋上空Hadley 环流具有显著的空间性态, 并且对应时间尺度不同, 影响其变化的主要因素也不尽相同。 相似文献
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Based mainly on TOGA COARE data, that is, the CI''D data from R/V Xiangyanghong No.5 (Pu et al.,1993),the temperature and current data from the Woods Hole mooring and other deep current data, the layered numerical profiles of buoyancy frequency and mean current components are figured out.A numerical method calculating internal wave dispersion relation without background shear current, used by Fliegel and Hunkins (1975),is improved to be fit for the internal wave equation with mean currents and their second derivatives.The dispersion relations and wave functions of the long crested internal wave progressing in any direction can be calculated inveniently by using the improved method.A comparison between the calculated dispersion relation in the paper and the dispersion relation in GM spectral model of ocean internal waves (Garret and Munk, 1972) is performed.It shows that the mean currents are important to the dispersion relation of internal waves in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean and that the currents make the wave progressing co-directional with (against) the currents stretched (shrink).The influence of the mean currents on dispersion relation is much stronger than that of their second derivatives, but that on wave function is less than that of their second derivatives.The influences on wave functions result in the change of vertical wavenumber, that is, making the wave function stretch or shrink.There exists obvious turning depth but no significant critical layer absorption is found. 相似文献
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中国云南冬季降水与典型海域热含量的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用GODAS月平均海温资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和云南30站月平均降水数据,分析了云南冬季降水的分布特征,研究了1980—2011年期间海洋热含量与云南冬季降水的关系,并对可能影响途径进行了探讨。计算热含量时,采用分层计算并且逐层求相关的方法,找出与降水的最大相关区域及深度。结果表明:赤道太平洋暖池区11、12月上层150 m热含量与同年云南冬季降水呈超前显著负相关,赤道太平洋中部4—6月上层80 m热含量与同年冬季降水呈超前显著正相关,赤道东太平洋10、12月130—230 m热含量与同年冬季降水呈超前显著正相关,这种分布形态与赤道潜流有关;南大洋关键区90—650 m热含量与同年冬季降水全年呈现超前显著负相关。云南降水受La Nia和El Nio年的影响,La Nia年云南降水偏少。赤道太平洋地区的热含量通过Walker环流和Hadley环流的共同作用,对云南降水产生影响。 相似文献
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北太平洋副热带海洋环流强度异常对长江中下游夏季降水的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用SODA资料和ECCO资料计算得到的北太平洋副热带海洋环流强度,和国家气候中心整编的中国160站逐月降水资料,结合NCEP/NCAR再分析资料和Hadley中心海表面温度资料,分析了1970-2007年海洋环流强度异常同期的大尺度大气环流异常特征及对中国东部夏季降水的影响。结果表明:海洋环流强度变化与长江中下游地区降水存在密切的反相关。环流强度异常可以通过影响西太平洋副热带高压的南北位置异常进而影响长江中下游降水。海洋环流偏弱时,副高位置偏南,长江中下游地区受气旋性环流异常影响,来自副高西北侧的强西南水汽输送至此,在该地区形成强水汽辐合中心,同时伴随上升运动加强和对流的加强,进一步导致该地区降水偏多;当海洋环流偏强时,西太平洋副高位置偏北,长江中下游地区受反气旋性环流异常影响,伴随辐散下沉及水汽辐散,导致该地区降水偏少;海洋环流强度异常导致的中纬度海区海表面温度异常,可能是导致副高南北位置异常的主要原因。 相似文献
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热带太平洋10月份海气联合复EOF分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用复EOF分析,将热带太平洋10月份的大气环流风场和大洋上层环流场作为一个整体,对其作了动力统计诊断,用以考察热带太平洋10月份大气大洋耦合环流的年际和年代际变化,并揭示其与厄尔尼诺和南方涛动(ENSO)的关系。结果表明:在同一模态中,海洋模态表现出很强的赤道陷度特征,而大气风场则无此现象;第一模态与ENSO循环有密切关系,揭示了Walker环流异常;第一模态的垂直运动风场反映了热带太平洋赤道辐合带和南太平洋辐合带上垂直运动的异常;第二模态偏差风场的经向分量大于第一模态,反映了Hadley环流的异常;第二模态与ENSO循环有联系,但关系不如第一模态那样密切。 相似文献
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本文利用我国1979年1~2月和4~6月在中太平洋西部的考察资料,分析了赤道潜流区的温、盐分布及赤道潜流的流系特征,并给出了潜流区及其周围海区的流场结构。 相似文献
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通过对TOGA-COARE期间的一组锚系仪器阵列资料的分析得出:在赤道西太平洋1°45′S,156°E.海域存在显著的半日潮频内波,它的水平波数(波长)、垂向波数、水平传播速度和垂向传播速度分别约为:3.3×10-2 km-1 (210 km),-1.6×10-3 m-1,2.0 m/s,-3.8 cm/s.波形向斜下方传播,亦即波能向斜上方传输.它在观测点西南方生成后,向东北方向传播,到达观测海区.流速矢量旋转谱水平随深度的变化呈马鞍形,低谷及深处的峰所在深度分别与南赤道流及赤道潜流的南边界所在深度大体一致.旋转椭圆主轴方位角随深度变化,在浅层(40 m处)为北偏东30°,到深处(324 m)转为东偏南14°.总体上呈东北方向,表明波来自西南方向. 相似文献
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设计了一个两层简单斜压海洋模式(H1=501,H1+H2=250m),利用1月和7月多年平均的海平面气温场、海平面气压场和由该气压场诊断出的海面风场,对此模式的性能进行了检验.结果表明,模拟得出的冬、夏季海洋表层及次表层流与实况较为一致. 相似文献
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The concentrations of five forms of phosphorus(P) including exchangeable or loosely adsorbed P(Ex-P), Febound P(Fe-P), authigenic P(Auth-P), detrital P(Det-P), and organic P(Org-P) from the basin among the Marcus-Wake seamounts(19.4°–24°N, 156.5°–161.5°E) in the western Pacific Ocean were quantified using a sequential extraction method(SEDEX) to investigate the distribution and sources of different P species.Concentrations of total P(TP) varied from 14.0 μmol/g to 44.1 μmol/g, with an average of... 相似文献
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The seasonal prediction of sea surface temperature(SST) and precipitation in the North Pacific based on the hindcast results of The First Institute of Oceanography Earth System Model(FIO-ESM) is assessed in this study.The Ensemble Adjusted Kalman Filter assimilation scheme is used to generate initial conditions, which are shown to be reliable by comparison with the observations. Based on this comparison, we analyze the FIO-ESM 6-month hindcast results starting from each month of 1993–2013. The model exhibits high SST prediction skills over most of the North Pacific for two seasons in advance. Furthermore, it remains skillful at long lead times for midlatitudes. The reliable prediction of SST can transfer fairly well to precipitation prediction via air-sea interactions.The average skill of the North Pacific variability(NPV) index from 1 to 6 months lead is as high as 0.72(0.55) when El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation and NPV are in phase(out of phase) at initial conditions. The prediction skill of the NPV index of FIO-ESM is improved by 11.6%(23.6%) over the Climate Forecast System, Version 2. For seasonal dependence, the skill of FIO-ESM is higher than the skill of persistence prediction in the later period of prediction. 相似文献