基于虚拟地球的台风多维动态可视化系统的设计与实现

台风作为一种热带气旋,是影响我国东南沿海区域的主要灾害性天气。台风可视化是台风研究及预报应用的重要组成部分,在防灾减灾中发挥着重要作用。但是由于数据量巨大,台风动态交互可视化很难在网络环境下实现。虚拟地球技术的出现提供了一个新的网络可视化平台,提高了公众参与的能力,但是其很难支持专业的气象应用。基于开源的虚拟地球平台构建台风动态可视化环境,首先介绍了坐标转换、数据组织和基于GPU的体可视化这些关键技术,然后详细介绍了系统的主要功能,并在World Wind开源平台上实现相关功能的开发,最后通过一个具体的案例证明了系统的有效性和实用性。     

基于Java/Java 3D的地层3维建模与可视化

利用Java 3D技术建立一个地层可视化3维建模系统,实现地层3维模型漫游、旋转、剖切等功能,并以某地区地下水资源调查评价中采集的地质钻孔数据为例,验证该系统的有效性。该系统将不仅为地下水模型的3维实体建模提供理论支持,而且将推动WebGIS在地下水模型中的应用。     

水电全生命周期三维可视化数字管理平台研究

水电是清洁可再生能源,在我国能源结构中占有重要的地位.为更好地发挥梯级水电开发的社会经济效益,流域水电开发企业需要融合应用信息技术,实现梯级水电站全生命周期数字化管理.本文从流域水电全生命周期管理需求和流域水电企业信息化建设现状分析出发,提出了流域水电全生命周期三维可视化数字管理平台建设思路:通过企业数据中心建设集成整合已有信息系统采集管理的梯级水电工程相关阶段的信息资源,消除信息孤岛;通过三维可视化平台建设增强信息的直观表达,也便于分析和展现数据间的关联关系.这一思路已成功指导雅砻江流域数字化平台建设,可为相关流域水电数字化平台建设提供参考.     

基于Web地理可视化分析系统的研究与设计

气候研究涉及海量时空数据集,其产生和存储在分布式计算资源中。科学家们需要一个直观且方便地工具去研究分布式时空数据。地理可视化分析工具可直观且方便地访问气候资料、探索各种气候参数之间的关系及交流研究成果。本文对基于Web的地理可视化分析系统的研究与设计做一些探讨,阐述该系统具有以下功能：①互联网上海量数据集管理;②时空数据的2D/3D可视化;③气候研究中各种时空统计分析;④交互式数据分析和知识发现。此外,本文也为管理、分发、分析大数据提供参考。     

基于三维可视化的含油气盆地地质信息系统研究

含油气盆地地质调查勘探成果数据具有空间分布和多源异构的特点,为了提供管理、查询、分析的一体化平台,结合地质研究的数据类型特点,设计了基于三维可视化基础平台开发的含油气盆地地质信息系统。系统采用Oracle做为后台数据库,以C/S结构,运用.NET框架进行二次开发,实现了空间数据、属性数据、非结构化数据的全方位管理,实现了全空间三维综合展示,并提供信息获取和分析应用功能。该系统可以为专业技术人员提供更直观、便捷的信息平台和分析操作环境,也可以帮助不同业务部门协同作业,为合理部署和科学预测提供有效支撑。     

3D GIS技术研究发展综述

回顾了3DGIS的发展进程,从三维空间数据获取,三维数据模型,三维空间数据管理和分析以及三维可视化技术4个方面综述了3DGIS技术的发展。探讨了目前研究3DGIS的4个热点问题:①数据源集成快速获取数据的方法;②不同数据模型的集成;③支持空间分析的面向对象的数据模型;④城市三维模型。     

基于物联网与GIS的智慧园林系统设计与实现

传统的园林管理存在数据信息多、测量手法多,无法实时在线监测等问题,针对园林管理过程中存在的这些问题,提出了智慧园林的解决方案。并根据设计理念,对各个子模块的功能进行设计和实现,给出实现方式。结合空间信息集成技术、可视化技术、物联网、GIS等信息技术构建园林资源信息的动态监测、数据时空分析、多维分析、在线服务平台。给园林绿化规划、虫害分析预报、养护管理、名树古木保护等提供科学管理依据,建立了较为完备的监测管理与实时动态分析系统。     

Data model and visualization of 3D city landscape based on integrated databases

Data acquisition and modeling are the two important, difficult and costful aspects in a Cybercity project. 2D-GIS is mature and can manage a lot of spatial data. Thus 3D-GIS should make the best of data and technology of 2D-GIS. Construction of a useful synthetic environment requires integration of multiple types of information like DEM, texture images and 3D representation of objects such as buildings. In this paper, the method for 3D city landscape data model and visualization based on integrated databases is presented. Since the data volume of raster are very huge, special strategies(for example, pyramid gridded method) must be adopted in order to manage raster data efficiently. Three different methods of data acquisition, the proper data structure and a simple modeling method are presented as well. At last, a pilot project of Shanghai Cybercity is illustrated.     

大数据时代的农情监测与预警

农情信息是世界粮农组织、各国政府、粮食贸易企业以及农场管理迫切需要掌握的信息。大数据时代的农情监测与预警正在由模型驱动向数据驱动转变,大数据正逐渐成为监测与预警的核心驱动力。伴随着农情监测与预警大数据的爆炸式增长,大数据与云计算技术的发展为农情监测与预警提供了全新的技术手段。2013年以来,全球农情遥感速报系统(CropWatch)已逐步引入聚类分析、时间序列分析、关联分析、时空变化异常诊断等大数据分析方法,并应用于业务化运行的农情监测与预警中。大数据技术提升了CropWatch的数据挖掘能力,对CropWatch农情监测与预警时空尺度的拓展以及农情监测内容的精细化起到推动作用,促进了面向需求的CropWatch农情信息与预警精准云服务的发展,促成了大数据时代CropWatch农情监测与预警技术体系的升级。未来,大数据时代的农情监测与预警将逐渐向全自动化监测、实时化精准农业管理与智能化信息服务方向发展;通过众源采集技术高效低廉的获取农情观测大数据将成为未来的发展趋势;大数据技术跨领域数据挖掘的能力,使得丰富多元化的跨界信息服务将成为大数据时代农情监测与预警的主流发展方向。大数据时代的CropWatch正在向基于大数据的农情监测与预警系统全速迈进。     

Data model and visualization of 3D city landscape based on integrated databases

Data acquisition and modeling are the two important, difficult and costful aspects in a Cybercity project. 2D-GIS is mature and can manage a lot of spatial data. Thus 3D-GIS should make the best of data and technology of 2D-GIS. Construction of a useful synthetic environment requires integration of multiple types of information like DEM, texture images and 3D representation of objects such as buildings. In this paper, the method for 3D city landscape data model and visualization based on integrated databases is presented. Since, the data volume of raster are very huge, special strategies (for example, pyramid gridded method) must be adopted in order to manage raster data efficiently. Three different methods of data acquisition, the proper data structure and a simple modeling method are presented as well. At last, a pilot project of Shanghai Cybercity is illustrated.     

新型基础测绘数据生产与应用一体化实践

测绘发展经历了模拟测绘、数字化测绘和信息化测绘发展阶段,随着物联网、大数据、移动互联网等空间技术和信息技术的不断进步,测绘技术也逐渐由靠人工内、外业采集的传统测绘,发展到今天的使用卫星导航定位、无人机、物联网、大数据等先进技术手段的智能化测绘.本文从呼和浩特市智慧空间地理信息数据库的建设与应用入手,探索智慧城市建设中新型基础测绘数据生产与成果应用一体化的管理实践.     

一种基于地理空间大数据的网络舆情监测软件架构

在梳理网络舆情大数据相关理论的基础上,对网络舆情监测软件的发展现状作了全面分析,结合舆情监测系统对地理空间信息的需求和现有的不足,提出了一种基于地理空间大数据环境的网络舆情监测系统的软件架构,实现地理空间数据环境下网络舆情的数据采集及处理、地理空间专题网络舆情的可视化、地理空间深层次的数据挖掘、网络舆情的时空关联性分析等功能。研究已得到一定的实践检验,结合地理空间数据可提高网络舆情监测和管理的高效性,能有效监测网络热点事件,做到科学辅助决策。     

Big Data and cloud computing: innovation opportunities and challenges

ABSTRACT

Big Data has emerged in the past few years as a new paradigm providing abundant data and opportunities to improve and/or enable research and decision-support applications with unprecedented value for digital earth applications including business, sciences and engineering. At the same time, Big Data presents challenges for digital earth to store, transport, process, mine and serve the data. Cloud computing provides fundamental support to address the challenges with shared computing resources including computing, storage, networking and analytical software; the application of these resources has fostered impressive Big Data advancements. This paper surveys the two frontiers – Big Data and cloud computing – and reviews the advantages and consequences of utilizing cloud computing to tackling Big Data in the digital earth and relevant science domains. From the aspects of a general introduction, sources, challenges, technology status and research opportunities, the following observations are offered: (i) cloud computing and Big Data enable science discoveries and application developments; (ii) cloud computing provides major solutions for Big Data; (iii) Big Data, spatiotemporal thinking and various application domains drive the advancement of cloud computing and relevant technologies with new requirements; (iv) intrinsic spatiotemporal principles of Big Data and geospatial sciences provide the source for finding technical and theoretical solutions to optimize cloud computing and processing Big Data; (v) open availability of Big Data and processing capability pose social challenges of geospatial significance and (vi) a weave of innovations is transforming Big Data into geospatial research, engineering and business values. This review introduces future innovations and a research agenda for cloud computing supporting the transformation of the volume, velocity, variety and veracity into values of Big Data for local to global digital earth science and applications.     

基于地学信息服务的Internet 3维 GIS：GeoEye 3D

随着Internet、分布式计算以及计算机图形学的飞速发展,开发基于Internet的3维GIS系统已成为可能。这3种技术的有力结合为地学领域开创了一个崭新的时代,促使网络GIS的概念由“地学数据服务”提高到“地学信息处理服务”的新阶段,不仅地学数据,地学信息处理功能也可以分布在基于客户／服务器的架构上,用户可以根据不同的需求“租用”和组合来自于Internet的不同功能。基于这一概念和作者提出的构件注册模型,我们从1998年开始着手研究和开发新一代的Internet 3维GIS：GeoEye 3D。这一系统集成了GIS、3维可视化、分布式计算及网络通信等技术,允许用户通过标准Internet浏览器来应用远程功能对远程和本地数据进行可视化分析。阐述了地学信息处理服务概念和构件注册模型以及GeoEye 3D的系统架构、算法和应用实例。     

基于ArcGIS 10的3维地理信息系统应用

随着计算机技术和3维数据获取技术、海量数据动态可视化技术的迅速发展,3维GIS逐步从视觉表现的应用范畴走向专题应用。3维GIS已成为当前GIS界的研究发展方向,应用前景广阔。鉴于此,本文探讨了以ArcGIS 10为基础建立的3维地理信息系统平台的关键技术、系统架构、数据建模,以及实现方法。     

Big Data Analytics for Earth Sciences: the EarthServer approach

Big Data Analytics is an emerging field since massive storage and computing capabilities have been made available by advanced e-infrastructures. Earth and Environmental sciences are likely to benefit from Big Data Analytics techniques supporting the processing of the large number of Earth Observation datasets currently acquired and generated through observations and simulations. However, Earth Science data and applications present specificities in terms of relevance of the geospatial information, wide heterogeneity of data models and formats, and complexity of processing. Therefore, Big Earth Data Analytics requires specifically tailored techniques and tools. The EarthServer Big Earth Data Analytics engine offers a solution for coverage-type datasets, built around a high performance array database technology, and the adoption and enhancement of standards for service interaction (OGC WCS and WCPS). The EarthServer solution, led by the collection of requirements from scientific communities and international initiatives, provides a holistic approach that ranges from query languages and scalability up to mobile access and visualization. The result is demonstrated and validated through the development of lighthouse applications in the Marine, Geology, Atmospheric, Planetary and Cryospheric science domains.     

Research challenges and opportunities in mapping social media and Big Data

Social media and Big Data have transformed our world into interconnected cyberspace and realspace. Cartographers can now trace, monitor, and map the spread of social movements, disease outbreaks, nature hazards, and popular events by digitally collecting social media and Big Data with locational contents, such as global positioning system tags and user location profiles. The dynamic characteristics of social media and Big Data provide a great research opportunity for cartographers to map and analyze human behaviors, communications, and movements. However, there are many challenges and pitfalls in cartographic research associated with spatiotemporal analysis of social media contents and Big Data. This short paper will address important research challenges and major opportunities for cartographers to process and visualize Big Data and social media.     

塘栖古镇三维旅游可视化系统设计与实现

基于SuperMap平台,在C#语言环境下,设计并开发实现了杭州余杭塘栖古镇三维旅游可视化系统.通过实地拍照,利用3dsMax软件进行塘栖古镇的建模,以获取系统所需的三维数据.该系统具有三维场景加载和可视化以及面向游客的工具栏制定、三维漫游、距离量算、属性查询和快捷选择等多种便捷功能,是"互联网+"大背景下旅游信息化的...     

基于天地图的房产智能评估系统设计与实现

针对传统房产评估存在的不足,本文将互联网与房产评估相结合,建立房产评估门户网站,通过互联网、大数据实现房产评估的自动化、智能化。同时将房产评估与GIS相结合,引入天地图,利用其提供的地理信息和服务编程接口,实现地理位置可视化、用户定位、路线规划等功能,解决了房地产评估只能依赖评估师的现状,减少了传统房产评估所产生的人为误差,提高了房产评估的效率。同时,丰富的地图服务为用户、房屋经理人提供了基于地理位置的房产评估智能平台。     

Visual supervision of large-scope heat source factories based on knowledge graph

As a result of limited resources and economic development acting as dual bottleneck constraints, optimizing industrial layout structures has been a general trend in heavy industry. The visual supervision of heat source factories based on integrated multidimensional information is important for optimizing an industrial layout. Based on Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) I-band 375-m active fire product (VNP14IMG) data, point of interest data, enterprise attribute information and other data, combined with clustering regression, knowledge graphs (KGs), 3D geographic information systems, and other technical methods, the temporal and spatial variations in China's heat source industries are macroscopically analyzed, and a visual supervision platform for heat source industries with functions such as visualization, time-series analysis, and knowledge discovery is established. The results show that: (1) overall, heat source factories exhibit a spatial pattern of dense in the east and sparse in the west, and the number of industrial heat source objects and the number of industrial fire hotspots decreased from 2013 to 2021, with rates of decline of 22.0 and 27.3%, respectively; (2) the enterprise KG, which contains basic enterprise information, dynamic enterprise risk information and enterprise equity structure information, can provide users with accurate and reliable enterprise knowledge; and (3) the remote sensing monitoring information platform for heat source factories performs well in terms of the discovery and management of heat source factories at large scale. In general, the platform constructed in this study can support the rapid monitoring and positioning of industrial heat sources over large areas to improve supervision in terms of finding problems and preventing risks and to provide a necessary reference for optimizing industrial spatial patterns and environmental governance.