高层建筑结构风振力上限识别

将积函数极值法应用于高层建筑结构风振力上限识别,在体系刚度分布未知的情况下,利用风振反应上限值可以进行初步设计或抗风验算。     

连续拱桥墩顶地震位移上限识别

本文基于积函数极值法，对刚度分布未确知的连续拱桥的墩顶地震位移上限进行了识别。文中研究了两跨、三跨、任意奇数跨和任意偶数跨等各种情形，对简化模型作了精度分析，并将所识别的上限值与实际计算反应值进行了比较。     

已建立交桥结构地震反应上限研究

本文利用积函数极值法，从地震作用的角度出发，推导并建立了已建立交桥桥墩的基底剪力的表达式。将立交桥结构简化为多自由度的空间杆系，研究了基底剪力的计算方法。已建立交桥在强烈地震作用下，结构可能进入非线性阶段，本文探讨了怎样利用积函数极值法分析结构的非线性问题的途径。     

上界地震力理论概要

“上界地震力理论”的研究既有理论意义,又有实价值,主、次上界与主、次设计振型相应,零解与无贡献振型相应,设计振型和无贡献振型共同构成完整的正交函数序列,这是在本理论架构。     

垂直地震力作用下弹性半空间上扁壳基础的解析解

用布希涅斯克定义的弹性半空间内的垂直位移包括两项积分,除了积分号前面系数的差别之外,第一项积分是单层位势而第二项积分为双层位势。若扁壳基础是正高斯曲率的几何曲面,则壳底与半空间表面间的挤压强度就是半空间表面作用的分布垂直荷载。当越过边界时,双层势位的函数值和单层势位的法向导数值发生跳跃。利用这些性质,本文得出布希涅斯克积分的反演公式,从而避开要求解偏微分—积分方程组的巨大数学困难而易于得出解析解。以椭园抛物面扁壳为例说明本文方法的应用。     

地震力作用下海洋平台的可靠性研究

本文分析了在地震力作用下海洋平台的受力情况,文中运用概率论原理,建立了海洋平台在地震力作用下的可靠性分析方法。     

基底摇摆运动作用下伸臂结构的地震内力上界

本文推演出基底摇摆运动作用下刚度任意分布的伸臂结构的上界地震剪力和弯矩计算公式。     

Decoupled seismic analysis of an earth dam

The seismic stability of an earth dam is evaluated via the decoupled displacement analysis using the accelerograms obtained by ground response analysis to compute the earthquake-induced displacements. The response analysis of the dam is carried out under both 1D and 2D conditions, incorporating the non-linear soil behaviour through the equivalent linear method. Ten artificial and five real accelerograms were used as input motions and four different depths were assumed for the bedrock.1D and 2D response analyses were in a fair agreement with the exception of the top third of the dam where only a 2D modelling of the problem could ensure that the acceleration field is properly described. The acceleration amplification ratio obtained in the 2D analyses was equal to about 2 in all the cases considered, consistently with data from real case histories.The maximum permanent displacements computed by the sliding block analysis were small, being less than 10% of the service freeboard; a satisfactory performance of the dam can then be envisaged for any of the seismic scenarios considered in the analyses.     

挡土墙地震反应非线性波动模拟

本文运用解耦近场非线性波动数值模拟方法研究挡土墙地震反应，为反映墙土体系在地震作用下的位移机制，引入了Desai薄层单元模拟墙土间接触面，并采用双线型本构关系作为接触面单元和土体的非线性模型，在此基础上给出了解决P—SV问题的非线性显式有限元时域递推公式，为进一步发展非线性波动数值模拟技术提供了有益经验。为验证本文方法及适用性，将数值模拟结果与Zeng，X．和Madabhushi，X．P．G．等的离心机试验和弹塑性数值模拟结果进行对比。结果表明：墙土体系加速度、挡土墙顶底相对滑移、沉降和墙体倾角等同离心机试验模拟结果基本吻合，与弹塑性数值模拟结果相似。     

拱坝非线性地震反应分析

以乌东德拱坝为对象,进行了拱坝非线性地震反应分析。结果表明:坝体损伤区域明显大于坝体混凝土按线弹性材料计算时最大主应力超过抗拉强度的区域,说明传统方法低估了拱坝的开裂范围,偏于危险;考虑基岩的非线性后,坝体损伤总体上要有所减小;坝基岩体剪胀角对坝基岩体的屈服和坝体混凝土的损伤都有影响,但是规律不明确,因此应该进行基岩剪胀角的敏感性分析。     

拱坝非线性地震反应分析

本文根据一致粘弹性模型的概念，引入应变率的影响，将混凝土静态William-Warnke三参数模型改造成一致粘塑性William-Warnke三参数本构模型，并用这个模型对某高拱坝进行了非线性地震响应分析，与线弹性模型和应变率无关的William-Warnke三参数模型的结果进行了比较，初步探讨了应变率对拱坝地震反应的影响。     

Experimental study of seismic overloading of large arch dam

A dynamic overloading model test has been carried out on a shaking table for an arch dam of 278 m in height to investigate its behaviours under strong earthquake. The model system included the arch dam with contraction joints, part of reservoir, partial foundation rock with topographic feature near the dam. A damping boundary consisting of viscous liquid has been used to simulate the effect of dynamic energy emission to far field, which made the dynamic interaction between dam and foundation in model arch dam system be represented properly. Three sets of different seismic waves of design level have been used as the input to investigate the difference in the responses of arch dam. Artificial waves of different levels have been used to verify the behaviours of arch dam under seismic overloading. Since the opening of joints during strong earthquake reduced the response acceleration and tensile arch stress, cantilever stress on downstream face exceeded the tensile strength first for the model dam. And the arch dam responded in a non‐linear way when input seismic load increased. Some cracks appeared near abutments, and the damage made the natural frequency of arch dam to drop obviously, but the static function did not seem to change for the model tested. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Parallel computation of seismic analysis of high arch dam

Parallel computation programs are developed for three-dimensional meso-mechanics analysis of fully-graded dam concrete and seismic response analysis of high arch dams （ADs）, based on the Parallel Finite Element Program Generator （PFEPG）. The computational algorithms of the numerical simulation of the meso-structure of concrete specimens were studied. Taking into account damage evolution, static preload, strain rate effect, and the heterogeneity of the meso-structure of dam concrete, the fracture processes of damage evolution and configuration of the cracks can be directly simulated. In the seismic response analysis of ADs, all the following factors are involved, such as the nonlinear contact due to the opening and slipping of the contraction joints, energy dispersion of the far-field foundation, dynamic interactions of the dam-foundation- reservoir system, and the combining effects of seismic action with all static loads. The correctness, reliability and efficiency of the two parallel computational programs are verified with practical illustrations.     

地球物理技术在大坝抗震研究中的应用

水工建筑物的场址和结构都十分复杂,涉及到坝址河谷地震动输入及坝体、库水、地基综合体系的动力相互作用和不同介质动态耦合等前沿课题.这些课题的解决有赖于多学科的配合.特别是地球物理学在水坝抗震中得到了广泛的应用.主要应用表现在为大坝抗震设计提供设计地震动参数、进行大坝的模型和原型抗震试验、大坝的强震安全监测、水库诱发地震等方面.     

Dynamic behaviour and seismic response of El Infiernillo dam

El Infiernillo, a 145 m high rockfill dam in Mexico built in a narrow V-shaped canyon, was subjected to eight major earthquakes since its construction. In this study, the dynamic dam response is analysed using (i) the recorded November 15, 1975 bedrock-crest acceleration histories and (ii) the results of a 1970 full-scale test conducted by UNAM, in which eight upstream–downstream and longitudinal resonant frequencies and configurations were observed and documented. These observed and seismically induced dynamic responses are compared herein to predictions of two different numerical models of El Infiernillo dam; a newly developed simplified three-dimensional (3D) model, and a 3D finite element model. The dynamic dam response characteristics are assessed, and performance of the employed numerical models is evaluated. It is found that (i) higher modes of vibration had participated significantly in the recorded seismic response and (ii) upstream–downstream response is well represented by the two numerical models employed. Using the simplified model, the September 19, 1985 earthquake non-linear response is computed and shown to compare satisfactorily with its recorded counterpart in the upstream-downstream and vertical directions. The largest computed dynamic accelerations, stresses and strains are found to occur within the upper third of the dam body.