Recent progress of research on Oasis in China

ＩｎＣｈｉｎａ,ｏａｓｉｓｏｆａｒｉｄｌａｎｄａｎｄｓｅｍｉａｒｉｄｌａｎｄｉｓｗｉｄｅｌｙｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄ,ａｎｄａｒｔｉｆｉｃｉａｌｏａｓｉｓ（ｏａｓｉｓｆｏｒｓｈｏｒｔ）ａｐｐｅａｒｅｄｓｅｖｅｒａｌｔｈｏｕｓａｎｄｙｅａｒｓａｇｏ．ｏａｓｉｓｈａｄｂｅｅｎｐａｉｄｌｉｔｔｌｅａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｔｏＨｏｗｅｖｅｒｆｏｒａｌｏｎｇｔｉｍｅ．Ｎｏｔｕｎｔｉｌｌａｔｅｔｈｅ２０ｔｈｃｅｎｔｕｒｙｈａｓｔｈｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｎｏａｓｉｓｂｅｃｏｍｅｐｏｐｕｌａｒ,ｗｈｉｃｈｈａｓｃｒｅａ…     

ASPECTS OF IRON NUTRITION IN MACROALGAE ULVA PERTUSA (CHLOROPHYTA) UNDER IRON STRESS

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＩｒｏｎｉｓａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｎｕｔｒｉｔｉｏｎａｌｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｉｎａｌｇａｅｊｕｓｔａｓｉｔｉｓｉｎｈｉｇｈｐｌａｎｔｍｅｔａｂｏｌｉｃｐａｔｈｗａｙｓ.Ｐｈｏｔｏｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓｉｓｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔｏｎｔｈｉｓｅｌｅｍｅｎｔｂｅｃａｕｓｅｃｈｌｏｒｏｐｈｙｌｌｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｓｉｒｏｎｎｕｔｒｉｔｉｏｎ .Ｉｒｏｎｉｓａｌｓｏｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌｆｏｒｃｙｔｏｃｈｒｏｍｅｓ,ｆｅｒｒｅｄｏｘｉｎ ,ａｎｄＦｅ ｓｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ .Ｉｔｓｂｉｏｃｈｅｍｉ…     

三种裸子植物化石木的研究

本文研究了我国长江北岸湖北省武汉市新洲县阳逻镇北部晚第三纪的三种裸子植物化石木。它们是水松ＧｌｙｐｔｏｓｔｒｏｂｕｓｐｅｎｓｉｌｉｓＫ．Ｋｏｃｈ，武汉柏本ＣｕｐｒｅｓｓｕｓｗｕｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓＪ．ＪＹａｎｇｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和武汉刺柏ＪｕｎｉｐｅｒｕｓｗｕｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓＪ．Ｊ．Ｙａｎｇｓｐ．ｎｏｖ，这些化石本的发现，给研究我国裸子植物提供了良好的依据．此外，对１９９０年发表于《林业科学》（２６卷４期）上的湖北柏木和河南松化石木也给了拉丁种名，它们分别是ＣｕｐｒｅｓｓｕｓｈｕｂｅｉｓｎｓｉｓＪ．Ｊ．Ｙａｎｇｓｐｎｏｖ．和ｐｉｎｕｓｈｅｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓＪ．Ｊ．Ｙａｎｇｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．     

Impact of water environmental characteristics in Dry-Hot valley of Jinsha river on soil desertification

Ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｓｏｃｉａｌｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ,ｈｕｍａｎｂｅｉｎｇｓｈａｄｔｏｐａｙｍｕｃｈａｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｔｏｔｈｅｃｒｉｓｉｓｏｆｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｓｔｏｔｈｅｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｃｒｉｓｉｓ．Ｗａｔｅｒｄｅｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙａｎｄｄｅｓｅｒ...     

CYTOLOGICAL COMPARISON OF GAMETOGENESIS OF SCALLOPS,ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS AND CHLAMYS FARRERI

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＫｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅｏｆｇａｍｅｔｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓｉｎｖａｌｕａｂｌｅｍａｒｉｎｅａｎｉｍａｌｓｉｓｖｅｒｙｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｔｏｃｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌｆｉｓｈ ｅｒｙ.Ｇａｍｅｔｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓｉｎｂｉｖａｌｖｅｓｗａｓｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｌｙｓｔｕｄｉｅｄａｔｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｌｅｖｅｌｓ (Ｄｏｈｍｅｎ ,1 983 ;ＤｏｒａｎｇｅａｎｄＬｅＰｅｎｎｅｃ ,1 989ａ,ｂ) .Ｓｃａｌｌｏｐｓａｎｄｏｔｈｅｒｍａｒｉｎｅｂｉｖａｌｖｅｓｈａｖｅｓｉｍｉｌａｒｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅｃｙｃｌｅ…     

Androecium of Archaefructus , the Late Jurassic Angiosperms from Western Liaoning, China

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＡｒｃｈａｅｆｒｕｃｔｕｓ ,ｔｈｅｏｌｄｅｓｔｋｎｏｗｎａｎｇｉｏｓｐｅｒｍｓ ,ｗｅｒｅｆｏｕｎｄｆｒｏｍｔｈｅＵｐｐｅｒＪｕｒａｓｓｉｃＪｉａｎｓｈａｎｇｏｕＦｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎ (ｉ.ｅ .ｔｈｅｆｏｒｍｅｒｌｏｗｅｒｐａｒｔｏｆＹｉ     

武汉地区晚第三纪三种被子植物硅化木研究

本文研究了我国湖北省武汉市新洲县阳逻镇北部发掘的硅化木，它们是武汉杜英（Ｅｌａｅｏｃａｒｐｕｓｗｕｈａｎｅｎ－ｓｉｓＪ．Ｊ．Ｙａｎｇｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）、武汉猫尾木（ＤｏｌｉｃｈａｎｄｒｏｎｅｗｕｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓＪ．Ｊ．Ｙａｎｇｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）湖北石梓（ＧｍｅｌｉａｎａｈｕｂｅｉｅｎｓｉｓＪ．Ｊ．Ｙａｎｇｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）。这些硅化木的地质年代为晚第三纪。硅化木的发掘反映了当时当地的气候比较炎热和潮湿。从树种方面为长江流域新生代的地质、古地理、古生物群演变研究，提供了新的科学证据。     

Yochelcionella在河南的出现及迁移演化

本文分析了早寒武世单板类Ｙｅｒｈｅｌｃｉｏｎｅｌｌａ在世界上几个国家和地区的产出层位及形态特征，认为中国河南的Ｙ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ产出层位最低，形态结构原始，是世界上发现的最古老的Ｙｏｃｈｅｌｃｉｏｎｅｌｌａ，提出Ｙ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ在河南前次出现，并迁移到澳大利亚Ｆｌｉｎｄｅｒｓ地区生存。西伯利亚的Ｙ．ｓｔｙｌｉｆｅｒａ和北美的Ｙ．ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎａ也可能与河南的Ｙ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ有一定联系。澳大利亚新南威尔士所产Ｙ．ｃｙｒａｎｏ．Ｙ．ｄａｌｅｋｉ．Ｙ．ｏｓｔｅｎｔａｔａ三个高级种与Ｙ．ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ有着密切的演化关系。此外对Ｙｏｃｈｅｌｃｉｏｎｅｌｌａ的起源与进化提出见解。     

Guidelines for Authors

ＴｈｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＧｅｏｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈｉｎＮｏｒｔｈｅａｓｔＡｓｉａ (Ｊ .Ｇｅｏｓｃｉ.Ｒｅｓ .ＮＥＡｓｉａ)ｉｓｓｐｏｎｓｏｒｅｄｂｙｔｈｅＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＣｅｎｔｒｅｆｏｒＧｅｏ ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈａｎｄ     

Preliminary study on chromosomes of induced triploid in the red sea bream,Pagrosomus major

ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＣｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅｍａｎｉｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｉｓｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｔｏｂｅｖｅｒｙｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｆｏｒｐｒａｃｔｉｃａｌａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｉｎｆｉｓｈｂｒｅｅｄｉｎｇ.Ｔｒｉｐｌｏｉｄｙｈａｓｂｅｅｎｏｆｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔｂｅｃａｕｓｅｔｒｉｐｌｏｉｄｆｉｓｈａｒｅｓｕｐｐｏｓｅｄｔｏｂｅｓｔｅｒｉｌｅｄｕｅｔｏｔｈｅｆａｉｌｕｒｅｏｆｔｈｅｈｏｍｏｌｏｇｏｕｓｃｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｍｅｓｙｎａｐｓｉｓｄｕｒｉｎｇｅａｒｌｙｇａｍｅｔｏｇｅｎｅｓｉｓ(ＳｕｇａｍａａｎｄＴ…     

Estimating Design Loads with Environmental Contour Approach Using Copulas for an Offshore Jacket Platform

Jacket-type offshore platforms are widely used for oil, gas field, and energy development in shallow water. The design of a jacket structure is highly dependent on target environmental variables. This study focuses on a strategy to estimate design loads for offshore jacket structures based on an environmental contour approach. In addition to the popular conditional distribution model, various classes of bivariate copulas are adopted to construct joint distributions of environmental variables. Analytical formulations of environmental contours based on various models are presented and discussed in this study. The design loads are examined by dynamic response analysis of jacket platform. Results suggest that the conditional model is not recommended for use in estimating design loads in sampling locations due to poor fitting results. Independent copula produces conservative design loads and the extreme response obtained using the conditional model are smaller than those determined by copulas. The suitability of a model for contour construction varies with the origin of wave data. This study provides a reference for the design load estimation of jacket structures and offers an alternative procedure to determine the design criteria for offshore structures.     

Joint occurrence period of wind speed and wave height based on both service term and risk probability

Return periods calculated for different environmental conditions are key parameters for ocean platform design.Many codes for offshore structure design give no consideration about the correlativity among multi-loads and over-estimate design values.This frequently leads to not only higher investment but also distortion of structural reliability analysis.The definition of design return period in existing codes and industry criteria in China are summarized.Then joint return periods of different ocean environmental parameters are determined from the view of service term and danger risk.Based on a bivariate equivalent maximum entropy distribution,joint design parameters are estimated for the concomitant wave height and wind speed at a site in the Bohai Sea.The calculated results show that even if the return period of each environmental factor,such as wave height or wind speed,is small,their combinations can lead to larger joint return periods.Proper design criteria for joint return period associated with concomitant environmental conditions will reduce structural size and lead to lower investment of ocean platforms for the exploitation of marginal oil field.     

三角网数字地面模型与农田平整设计

针对农田水利工程中农田纵横坡度设计与填挖土方计算问题，本文提出了三角网地面模型，推证了地面坐标转化为设计面坐标的坐标转化公式及三角形模型体积计算公式，给出了设计计算的逐步趋近算法。     

国土空间规划背景下的城市设计管控体系研究——以济南市为例

城市设计作为塑造城市特色风貌的有效手段越来越受到重视,在各地的新区建设和旧城更新中发挥了重要的引领作用。本文基于对济南市城市设计编制及管理情况的回顾,结合当前国土空间规划背景下城市设计的发展趋势,对济南中心城范围内2003—2020年编制的46项主要城市设计项目进行了汇总和梳理,剖析了济南市城市设计管理存在的问题,在此基础上,探索国土空间规划背景下济南城市设计管控体系搭建,以期为其他城市的城市设计管控工作提供参考。     

高层住宅设计及岩土地基承载力分析

高层住宅设计矛盾较多,难度较大,对城市景观影响突出,提高高层住宅设计水平和设计质量十分重要,本文总结了西安公路交通大学高层住宅设计的个性和创意,同时对岩土地基承载力进行了分析。     

平原地区基本农田土地整治景观生态规划与设计——以新泰市楼德镇基本农田土地整治项目为例

景观生态规划与设计必须在综合考虑土地整治具体工程与生态环境的基础上,合理的规避导致生态破坏的农田设计,科学规划能够促进生态系统的自身维持与修护的工程设计。该文基于农田景观规划与设计的思想,探讨了山东平原地区基本农田景观规划设计的重点,以新泰市楼德镇基本农田土地整治项目做为案例进行景观规划设计,设计内容主要包括土地平整、农田水利、田间道路、生态防护等几方面,通过探讨和摸索,为下一步土地整治规划设计和生态环境保护提供了可靠的科学依据。     

便携式激光测距仪设计的相关问题

在传统激光测距仪设计思路的基础上重点论述了激光光源选择与人眼安全、光电探测器选择与接收前置放大电路的设计、光学系统设计以及噪声分析等方面的问题。     

一种市政道路BIM设计模型与三维GIS数据集成方法

针对现有市政道路模型交换标准的不足,以及道路BIM设计模型与GIS模型集成中的几何、语义信息缺失等问题,提出一种市政道路BIM设计模型与GIS数据集成的方法,其核心是以City GML模型标准为基础,重新定义了扩展后的道路设计模型;通过要素语义解析、几何模型转换等过程实现道路模型和GIS数据的集成存储与表达。以重庆市九龙坡区尹朝社周边市政道路设计工程为例,进行道路BIM设计模型与现状城市三维模型数据的集成实验,结果表明,方法较好地保留了道路设计模型的整体结构、横断面特征、路段拓扑信息等,并且扩展定义的道路设计模型完整地存储和表达了道路设计要素。方法在城市规划设计延伸应用上具有广阔的前景。     

Dynamic design and construction of highway cut slopes in Huangshan area, China

Deformation and failure of high slope impact the construction and operation safety of highway in the mountainous areas. The deformation and failure are mainly caused by poor design which normally has not well combined with the geological conditions and unplanned construction. Therefore, effective design and construction management should be conducted for ensuring a successful construction without damage and risk. In light of the reality of high slope construction along highway in the Huangshan area, this paper proposes a technical procedure for dynamic design and construction management of high slopes along highway in the mountainous area. The proposed construction management scheme is divided into three phases, i.e., 1) design phase, 2) preparation phase of excavation, and 3) construction phase. During the design phase, experiences and lessons learnt from the design and construction of other high slopes along highway in the same region are summarized. The number of slopes and slope height should be optimized from the aspects of route selection and route form. During the preparation phase of excavation, “Excavation Permit Management System” should be adopted, and construction scheme should be made by the construction unit, then the scientific research and design unit determine whether it guarantees slope stability and makes optimization measures. During the construction phase, the scientific research unit would make proposal of optimization design, and apply the achievements of scientific research into practice through common efforts of various units based on the understanding of excavation and investigation. The management system mentioned above is adopted to conduct dynamic design and construction management for more than 90 slopes along the Huangshan — Taling — Taolin Expressway, and successful results of application have been achieved.     

316国道K25+040～+140段滑坡治理中的抗滑桩结构设计

介绍了316国道K25 040～ 140段滑坡治理工程中的抗滑桩设计过程，讨论了抗滑桩设计中滑推力的计算方法及公式、抗滑桩的结构设计及配筋，将抗滑桩的内力计算简化成较为实用的公式来计算。还介绍了抗滑桩间土体的排水设计，对排水管的具体做法作了详尽地阐述。