液动冲击器与液压凿岩机的比较与启示

通过时液动冲击器与液压凿岩机的比较，提出了两点看法：（１）液压凿岩机的大液压小流量及高的能量利用系数，对液动冲击器的研制有借鉴作用；（２）水的液体弹簧性质对提高液动冲击器的工作性能具有重要作用。     

液动冲击回转钻探技术的应用

由于水文钻探口径较大、地层复杂、孔径变化乡及工程质量要求高等难点，如何在水文钻探中应用液动冲击器，是一个亟待研究解决的问题。经过充分调研，我们选用了地矿部勘探技术研究所研制的YS-108型液动冲击器，并以其为基础开展了一定工作，取得了一定效果。     

增大液动射流式冲击器单次冲击功的试验研究

:试验结果发现 ,当行程加大时 ,获得较高的冲锤末速度 (5 .43m/s) ,单次冲击功 34 6 .45J。当活塞运动所需瞬时流量已大大超过了水泵供水的供给量时 ,冲击器仍能稳定地工作 ,这体现了射流冲击器作为一开放的系统所特有的流量可自动补偿的优点。射流冲击器对负载的适应能力较高 ,且在大行程条件下 ,增加锤重可较大幅度地提高单次冲击功。     

液动冲击器阀程对时效的影响

液动冲击器的阀程，反映了冲频的高低及冲击功的大小，它必定对时效产生重要影响。但长期以来，人们对此重视不够，致使冲击器的使用效果有时不佳。为弄清阀程对时效的影响，以及阀程和钻进参数的影响，在花岗岩地层进行了对比试验，试验结果表明，阀程对时效的影响不可忽视。试验情况如下。     

液动冲击器的性能分析

根据我们研制工作中的体会和有关文献资料介绍，对几种主要型式的液动冲击器测试结果进行初步分析对比，供参考。一、液动冲击器性能参数的测定冲击器各种性能参数的正确测定，对于研究和改进冲击器结构设计，提高冲击器的性能，对冲击器的应用以及研究冲锤和阀的运动规律等，可提供出有效的数据。测定冲击功多通过测定冲锤冲击时的速度（即末     

应力波法测试液动冲击器性能参数的微型计算机系统

本文详细介绍了用应力波法测试液动冲击器性能参数的微机系统。该系统根据国际标准设计,具有方法先进,设备简单,采样速度快及计算准确等特点。使用该系统,可以很方便地测量冲击器的能量、频率、流量等重要指标。它提供了研究和改进液动冲击器的有效方法,进一步研究将会得知不同冲击器破碎岩石所需的能量。该系统首次在地质系统应用。     

射流元件损坏机理试验研究及分析

液动射流式冲击器在高压釜内进行模拟试验时发现其工作性能良好，展现了其良好的应用前景。而在石油钻井、大陆科学深钻等深孔钻进中应用液动射流式冲击器发现，射流元件寿命较低。故有必要对其破坏机理进行研究。在实验中采用对比的方法，发现在大泵量情况下射流元件工作室内出现水射流反射及脉冲现象。射流元件破坏主要由脉冲AWJ切割所造成。液动射流式冲击器用于深孔钻进时射流元件有必要对元件尺寸进行改进。     

液动射流式冲击器性能参数影响规律的研究

本文根据计算与模拟实验资料,分析了液动射流式冲击器的泵量、泵压、冲锤质量、冲击行程等,对冲击器性能参数的影响规律、电算模拟数据绘制了相应的影响规律曲线,其结果与室内模拟实验的结果吻合,为冲击器的设计与使用提供了依据。      

双作用液动冲击器仿真电算数学模型

分析了双作用液动贯通式冲击器闭阀加速运动、自由行程和回程各阶段的受力情况，建立了相应的仿真电算数学模型。     

DC型液动冲击器及调试情况

介绍了用于大口径钻探的ＤＣ型无簧式双作用液动冲击器的结构和工作原理及设计计算结果，给出了其冲程，上阀程和上阀自由行程，下阀程和下阀自由行程的测量及调整方法。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861