Timing of arrival of the Danube to the Black Sea: Provenance of sediments from DSDP site 380/380A

Estimates for the timing of the arrival of Danube sediment to the Black Sea range from Messinian to Pleistocene; the river is currently the largest sediment contributor, supplying 88 MT/yr. We identify two changes in siltstone provenance‐sensitive heavy mineral abundances at DSDP site 380/380A in the southwest Black Sea. Comparison with modern river sediment compositions indicates that siltstones above 571.5 mbsf (metres below sea floor) were supplied by the Danube, while sediments below 651.0 m were sourced by other supply systems. Palaeo‐magnetic, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar and biostratigraphic data reveal that the influx of Danube‐supplied sediment to the southwest Black Sea began between 4.36 ± 0.19 Ma and 1 Ma ago (Zanclean–Calabrian). Our results provide an independent time constraint on palaeogeographic reconstructions of the Pannonian and Dacian basins, which acted as upstream sediment sinks, and suggest that significant volumes of Danube‐supplied sediment only started to reach the Black Sea at least 1 Ma after the Messinian Salinity Crisis (5.971–5.33 Ma) had ended.     

Changing seas in the Early–Middle Miocene of Central Europe: a Mediterranean approach to Paratethyan stratigraphy

The Miocene palaeogeographic evolution of the Paratethys Sea is still poorly constrained. Here, we use modern Mediterranean biochronology to provide an up‐to‐date overview of changing seas in Central Europe. Instead of a Paratethys that waxed and waned with fluctuating global sea levels, we show that the development of different seas was mainly controlled by tectonic phases. The Early Miocene “Ottnangian Sea” (~18 Ma) was connected to the Mediterranean via the Rhône valley, while the “Karpatian Sea” (~16.5 Ma) was initiated by a tectonically induced marine transgression through the Trans‐Tethyan gateway. In most Central European basins, the establishment of the “Badenian Sea” (<15.2 Ma), triggered by subduction‐related processes in the Pannonian and Carpathian domain, is significantly younger (by ~1 Myr) than usually estimated. The updated palaeogeographic reconstructions provide a better understanding of the concepts of basin dynamics, land–sea distribution and palaeoenvironmental change in the Miocene of Central Europe.     

珠江口盆地深水区23.8 Ma构造事件地质响应及其形成机制

南海珠江口盆地深水区23.8 Ma发育一次重大构造事件并同时形成了重要的不整合界面.研究表明:(1)23.8 Ma构造事件是珠江口盆地珠二坳陷新生代构造演化的转换面,它是盆地裂陷阶段和裂后阶段的分界面,23.8 Ma之前为断裂控盆,盆地以伸展和走滑断裂系统为主;23.8 Ma之后为断裂和热作用共同控盆,到晚期以热作用为主.(2)23.8 Ma构造事件导致盆地沉积充填的突变,通过微量元素和同位素分析,23.8 Ma以前盆地物源来自东南沿海花岗岩源区,23.8 Ma以后物源来自青藏东侧及云贵高原源区.23.8 Ma界面是南海北部陆架坡折从白云主凹南侧向北侧跳跃的分界面,相应地沉积环境由浅海陆架沉积突变为陆坡深水沉积环境.(3)23.8 Ma构造事件是盆地热体制的转折面,典型钻井热史定量恢复揭示地温梯度在23.8 Ma附近明显存在一个突变面,以23.8 Ma为界,新生代早期到渐新世末显示地温梯度上升,指示盆地经历了拉张过程;23.8 Ma之后显示地温梯度下降,指示盆地经历热沉降过程.(4)23.8 Ma构造事件是火山活动的转化面,23.8 Ma之前显示成分单一的大规模玄武质岩浆喷发作用逐渐增强,而之后玄武质岩浆喷发作用逐渐减弱.总结了23.8 Ma构造事件的动力学模型,提出了软流圈流动主导的地幔热底辟作用是南海破裂成洋的动力来源,南海扩张脊的跃迁及地幔热底辟作用改变是导致23.8 Ma构造事件的主因.      

南海北部深水区沉积物稀土元素特征及其物源指示意义

对南海北部白云深水区沉积物稀土元素的研究表明,渐新世至中新世的物源发生较大变化。渐新世时期,白云深水区不同区域稀土元素的分布特征差异明显,表明沉积物物源不同。深水区北部沉积物主要来自古珠江物源区,深水区东、西部沉积物中含有较多中基性火山物质,南部则主要包含基性火山物质,说明当时南海北部地区构造活动较强,存在较多火山活动,火山活动由北向南基性成分增多。渐新世末的白云运动使南海北部深水区产生强烈持续沉降,造成陆架坡折带北移,白云深水区从渐新世浅海陆架环境演化为中新世陆坡深水环境,中新世期间沉积物主要来自深水区北部的珠江三角洲物源,深水区东部存在东沙隆起源区,而深水区南部沉积物在中新世仍受到基性火山活动的影响。     

神狐-一统暗沙隆起中部新生代地层层序划分及沉积演化

利用中德合作"南海地球科学联合研究"SO-49航次所采集的地震测线,对南海北部陆缘神狐-一统暗沙隆起中部的新生代地层层序进行了划分,并与北部的珠江口盆地的层序进行了对比.共识别出SB₁、SB₂、SB₃、SB₄和Tg₅个主要反射界面,对比表明:Tg 反射面为新生界基底反射,SB₁、SB₂、SB₃、SB₄相当于珠江口盆地的二级层序界面,层序界面年龄分别为:10.5 Ma 、21.0 Ma 、25.0 Ma 、39.4 Ma.在此基础上,对隆起区新生代沉积环境及其演化进行了分析,认为隆起区新生代沉积经历了断陷湖泊-滨浅海-深海相的演变过程,隆起区主要隆升时期为晚渐新世-早中新世.并就珠江口盆地早第三纪海侵方向和隆起的成因进行了初步探讨。     

Provenance analysis of the Upper Miocene turbidite sand-bodies in deep-sea basin of northern South China Sea

The International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 367/368 reported massive Upper Miocene deep-sea turbidite in the northern South China Sea basin. The Upper Miocene turbidite sand-bodies at Site U1500 were examined with detrital zircon U-Pb dating to conduct the source-to-sink analysis. This study shows that the U-Pb age spectrums of Site U1500 sample are similar to those detrital zircons from the Miocene Qiongdongnan Basin and the Pearl River Mouth Basin. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) plot also shows that the turbidite sand-bodies at Site U1500 are closely related to the sediments in the Pearl River Mouth Basin and Qiongdongnan Basin. It is likely that the thick deep-sea turbidite succession in the deep-water basin of northern South China Sea was formed by a mixed provenance pattern during the late Miocene. On the one hand, terrigenous sediments from the west of the South China Sea were transported along the Central Canyon to the eastern South China Sea deep-sea basin in the form of turbidity current. On the other hand, terrigenous sediments were also transported from the Pearl River through the slope canyon system to the northern South China Sea in the form of gravity flow . Those mixed sediments from two different source areas have collectively deposited at the deep-sea basin and thus, give rise to turbidite sequence of hundred meters. Provenance analysis of the thick turbidites sand-bodies in the deep-sea basin is of great significance to the profound understanding of the tectonic evolution, filling processes, provenance evolution, and the palaeogeographic characteristics of the Cenozoic basins of the South China Sea.     

受红河断裂控制的晚第三纪走滑松弛盆地——以漠沙盆地为例

中新世以来,受青藏高原造山隆起产生的侧向推挤,滇西及邻区发生向南东的哪构造逸脱,红河断裂发生右行走滑运动,在漠沙、逸萨等断裂弯曲地段由于应力松弛发生下陷,形成小型走滑松弛盆地,其特征有别于拉分盆地.本文以漠沙盆地为例,通过砂岩薄片粒度分析及砂岩碎屑组分定量分析,综合野外及室内地质研究,对此类盆地的岩石学特征、沉积环境、物源和构造特征等进行了详细的研究,并对其形成机制进行了初步的探讨.     

Petroleum System in Deepwater Basins of the Northern South China Sea

The northern South China Sea margin has experienced a rifting stage and a post-rifting stage during the Cenozoic.In the rifting stage,the margin received lacustrine and shallow marine facies sediments.In the post-rifting thermal subsidence,the margin accumulated shallow marine facies and hemipelagic deposits,and the decpwater basins formed.Petroleum systems of deepwater setting have been imaged from seismic data and drill wells.Two kinds of source rocks including Paleogene lacustrine black shale and Oligocene-Early Miocene mudstone were developed in the deepwater basin of the South China Sea.The deepwater reservoirs are characterized by the deep sea channel fill,mass flow complexes and drowned reef carbonate platform.Profitable capping rocks on the top are mudstoues with huge thickness in the post-rifting stage.Meanwhile,the faults developed during the rifting stage provide a migration path favournble for the formation of reservoirs.The analysis of seismic and drilling data suggests that the joint structural and stratigraphic traps could form giant hydrocarbon fields and hydrocarbon reservoirs including syn-rifting graben subaqueous delta,decpwater submarine fan sandstone and reef carbonate reservoirs.     

南海北部深海盆地上中新统浊积砂体物源分析*

IODP367/368航次在南海北部深海盆地多个站位发现上中新统厚达数百米的大规模深海浊积岩。采用碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄谱系分析方法对U1500站上中新统浊积砂体进行源汇对比分析。研究结果表明U1500站上中新统浊积岩碎屑锆石年龄谱系与其西侧琼东南盆地和北侧珠江口盆地中新世沉积物特征类似。多维排列分析(MDS)结果也显示,该站位样品与珠江口盆地、琼东南盆地沉积物关系密切,表明南海北部深海盆地内厚达数百米的上中新统浊积砂体为南海北部物源和南海西部物源混合堆积形成。南海西部陆源输入物质以浊流搬运的方式,沿中央峡谷从西到东搬运至南海东部深海盆地;南海北部珠江物源以重力流的形式,经南海北部陆坡峡谷搬运至深海盆地中,两种来源的沉积物在深海盆地发生混合沉积,形成U1500站厚达数百米的浊积砂体。南海北部深海盆地厚层浊积砂体物质来源的准确识别,对深刻理解南海新生代盆地的构造演化、沉积物充填过程、物源演变以及古地理特征均具有重要意义。     

Long-term fluvial archives in Hungary: response of the Danube and Tisza rivers to tectonic movements and climatic changes during the Quaternary: a review and new synthesis

The paper discusses the Quaternary evolution of the Danube and Tisza rivers and their main tributaries in the context of evolution of the entire Pannonian Basin, which is Europe's largest intramontane basin, within the Alp–Carpathian orogen. The palaeo-drainage reconstruction of the Pannonian Basin for the pre-Quaternary period is outlined in connection with the gradual regression of Lake Pannon since the Late Miocene. Deltas of rivers that entered the basin from the northwest and northeast were gradually transformed into extended alluvial plains; thus, the earliest possible ancestor of the Danube coming southeastwards from the Alps could be as old as Late Miocene. By the Pliocene the whole Lake Pannon was infilled. The former extensional basin formation was replaced by a compresional stress field, which resulted in an uplift of the marginal flanks and late-stage subsidence anomalies. The increasing relief led to the formation of the Quaternary drainage pattern. The actively subsiding young basins were filled by fluvial sediments, transported by the Danube and Tisza river systems from the uplifting mountains. Between the subsiding regions of the Little and Great Plains, the Danube has formed an antecedent valley with terrace staircases between the uplifting sections of the Transdanubian Range and the North Midmountains. The formation of the terraces is attributed to periodic climate changes during the Pleistocene combined with differences in the uplift rate. The paper gives a complex overview of the classical chronology of the six terraces based on various data sources: mostly dating of loess/paleosol sequences, travertines, aeolian sand, and tephra strata overlying the fluvial sediments, complemented by scattered vertebrate faunal data and archaeological evidence directly from the terrace sediments.The Quaternary drainage pattern evolution of the Great Plain, with a strong tectonic control, is discussed in detail. Rivers originating from the uplifting marginal areas were drawn towards the subsiding depressions which served as local base level. Changes in subsidence rates in space and time throughout the Quaternary resulted in the evolution of a complex drainage pattern. A special emphasis is placed on the Late Pleistocene–Holocene development of the Middle–Tisza region and the Körös basin, where the Berettyó–Körös Rivers form an eastern tributary system of the Tisza River. A comparative evaluation of these two areas is especially relevant, as they provide insights into large-scale Late Pleistocene avulsion of the Tisza River. OSL dating, complemented with inferred transport directions determined from heavy mineral analysis of fluvial sediments in the Körös basin, has revealed an ancient large meandering river system that can be identified with the palaeo-Tisza, which was flowing along a tectonically controlled depression during the Late Pleniglacial. Successions in the Middle Tisza region have allowed differentiation between the older channels of the palaeo-Bodrog River and the Sajó–Hernád alluvial fan and the younger meander belts of the new course of the Tisza. In the Tisza system, changes in river style (braided to various scales of meandering) show correspondence to millennial-scale climate changes of the last 25 ka, while in the Körös basin the effects of tectonics are overprinted onto the regional climatic signals.     

中国近海含油气盆地新构造运动与油气成藏

自中新世末(大约5.2Ma) 至今是中国近海新生代盆地裂后热沉降最活跃的时期, 并伴随着裂后构造再活动.这一期构造运动, 即本文所定义的新构造运动, 调整和控制了各含油气盆地的油气最终成藏和油气田的定型分布.阐述了新构造运动的概念、识别依据、成因机制以及对油气藏形成的控制.在中国近海, 新构造运动的主要表现包括中新统末、上新统与第四系之间及层系内部的不整合、中新世和第四纪沉降、沉积中心的迁移、非常发育的晚期断裂活动及活跃的天然地震等.不同盆地新构造运动的强度、发育机制不同, 其对油气成藏与分布的控制亦不同.以渤海湾盆地渤中坳陷、莺歌海盆地和东海盆地西湖坳陷为例, 系统地论述了中国近海新构造运动对油气藏形成的控制和影响.渤海新构造运动控制了渤中坳陷及其周围油气晚期成藏, 莺歌海盆地底辟活动控制了天然气晚期成藏, 东海西湖坳陷新构造运动部分破坏了油气藏      

Differences in the Tectonic Evolution of Basins in the Central‐Southern South China Sea and their Hydrocarbon Accumulation Conditions

To reveal the causes of differences in the hydrocarbon accumulation in continental marginal basins in the centralsouthern South China Sea,we used gravity-magnetic,seismic,drilling,and outcrop data to investigate the tectonic histories of the basins and explore how these tectonic events controlled the hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in these basins.During the subduction of the Cenozoic proto-South China Sea and the expansion of the new South China Sea,the continental margin basins in the central-southern South China Sea could be classified as one of three types of epicontinental basins:southern extensional-foreland basins,western extensional-strike slip basins,and central extensional-drift basins.Because these basins have different tectonic and sedimentary histories,they also differ in their accumulated hydrocarbon resources.During the Cenozoic,the basin groups in the southern South China Sea generally progressed through three stages:faulting and subsidence from the late Eocene to the early Miocene,inversion and uplift in the middle Miocene,and subsidence since the late Miocene.Hydrocarbon source rocks with marine-continental transitional facies dominated byⅡ-Ⅲkerogen largely developed in extremely thick Miocene sedimentary series with the filling characteristics being mainly deep-water deposits in the early stage and shallow water deposits in the late stage.With well-developed sandstone and carbonate reservoirs,this stratum has a strong hydrocarbon generation potential.During the Cenozoic,the basin groups in the western South China Sea also progressed through the three developmental stages discussed previously.Hydrocarbon source rocks with lacustrine facies,marine-continental transitional facies,and terrigenous marine facies dominated byⅡ2-Ⅲkerogen largely developed in the relatively thick stratum with the filling characteristics being mainly lacustrine deposits in the early stage and marine deposits in the late stage.As a reservoir comprised of self-generated and self-stored sandstone,this unit also has a high hydrocarbon generation potential.Throughout those same three developmental stages,the basin groups in the central South China Sea generated hydrocarbon source rocks with terrigenous marine facies dominated byⅢkerogen that have developed in a stratum with medium thicknesses with the filling characteristics being mainly sandstone in the early stage and carbonate in the late stage.This reservoir,which is dominated by lower-generation and upper-storage carbonate rocks,also has a high hydrocarbon generation potential.     

南海晚渐新世滑塌沉积指示的地质构造事件

南海北部ODP1148站晚渐新世至早中新世沉积以滑塌堆积和长时间沉积缺失为主要特征.由构造活动引起的沉积间断始于渐新世中期28.5 Ma至早中新世23 Ma左右结束.主间断面位于25 Ma, 亦即滑塌沉积层的底界.4次沉积间断总共造成至少3 Ma沉积记录的缺失.综合岩性、古生物年代测定、地球化学等分析结果, 表明南海晚渐新世的海底扩张模式呈多次跳跃式, 并以“25 Ma事件”为型变高峰.这一系列构造活动是欧亚、澳大利亚、菲律宾-太平洋板块相互作用的结果, 直接导致南海向前期裂谷更发育, 红河大断裂左擦拉张更强的南部扩张的转型.1148站的滑塌沉积为此次南海扩张转型提供了直接的证据.      

晚中新世红河海底扇碎屑锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄：物源区制约及红河袭夺事件探讨

为确定晚中新世红河海底扇物源区以及“红河袭夺”事件,对钻遇红河海底扇的C2井中的53颗锆石颗粒进行了SHRIMP U-Pb年龄的测定。结果表明,该扇体碎屑锆石存在6个年龄段：230~300Ma,400~500Ma,700~1000Ma,1700~1900Ma,2400~2500Ma和~2700Ma。研究结果表明,红河海底扇碎屑锆石年龄频谱特征与红河最为相似,230~300Ma的锆石主要来自呵叻高原-昆嵩地块;400~500Ma、1700~1900Ma的锆石主要来自松潘甘孜地块;700~1000Ma的锆石来自扬子克拉通;2400~2500Ma和~2700Ma的锆石主要来自松潘甘孜地块古老的扬子克拉通的基底;年龄为400~500Ma、1700~1900Ma以及大于2.4Ga的锆石说明了古红河源头曾经延伸至松潘-甘孜地区,红河袭夺现象确实存在。红河物源的存在,为在琼东南盆地深水区中央峡谷水道实施油气勘探提供了重要的理论基础。     

Mio-Pliocene basin development in the eastern part of the Cappadocian Volcanic Province (Central Anatolia,Turkey) and its implications for regional tectonics

The Cappadocian Volcanic Province (CVP) comprises predominantly of a thick succession of volcanogenic rocks and interbedded siliciclastic sediments of Middle Miocene to Recent age in Central Anatolia, Turkey. The conditions of basin development in the eastern part of the CVP have been elucidated by using sedimentological and geomorphological approaches. The prevailing tectonic regime, its extent and causes are also discussed. Sedimentological analysis supported by geomorphological observations revealed a major NE-trending probably normal, border fault and its several synthetics. This tectonic element constitutes the SE margin of the basin and divided the CVP from the Tauride range during Middle Miocene to Pliocene. The basin fill in the study area comprises gravelly alluvial fans near the border fault, while fluvial clastics and lacustrine carbonates dominate towards the centre. Some pyroclastic rocks and lava flows are also made part of the fill. The southeastern basin margin is characterized morphologically by a number of uplifted basement blocks, probably associated with synthetic faults, and some deeply incised canyons in the footwall. These canyons were subsequently filled with a Mid-Pliocene ignimbrite sheet, and represent the sediment supply conduits to the basin. The cessation of filling in the basin was determined by strike-slip faults that uplifted and detached the basin about 2.6 Ma. This date also marks the onset of the neotectonic period in the region. The overall extensional tectonic regime inferred for the eastern CVP appears coeval with events recognised in the southern basins, i.e. Adana and Mut Basins and the eastern Mediterranean. Some physical connections between these basins also have been demonstrated. It is suggested that the CVP and the southern basins were all created during a phase of extension resulting from continued northward subduction of the African plate beneath the Eurasia during the Late Cenozoic.     

Crustal structure of the Alpine–Pannonian transition zone: a combined seismic and gravity study

 The crustal structure of the transition zone between the Eastern Alps and the western part of the Pannonian depression (Danube basin) is traditionally interpreted in terms of subvertical Tertiary strike-slip and normal faults separating different Alpine tectonic units. Reevaluation of approximately 4000-km-long hydrocarbon exploration reflection seismic sections and a few deep seismic profiles, together with data from approximately 300 wells, suggests a different structural model. It implies that extensional collapse of the Alpine orogene in the Middle Miocene was controlled by listric normal faults, which usually crosscut Alpine nappes at shallow levels, but at depth merge with overthrust planes separating the different Alpine units. The alternative structural model was tested along a transect across the Danube basin by gravity model calculations, and the results show that the model of low-angle extensional faulting is indeed viable. Regarding the whole lithosphere of the western Pannonian basin, gravity modelling indicates a remarkable asymmetry in the thickness minima of the attenuated crust and upper mantle. The approximately 160 km lateral offset between the two minima suggests that during the Miocene extension of the Pannonian basin detachment of the upper crust from the mantle lithosphere took place along a rheologically weak lower crust. Received: 13 July 1998 / Accepted: 18 March 1999     

Filling History and Post-Breakup Acceleration of Sedimentation in Baiyun Sag,Deepwater Northern South China Sea

The Baiyun (白云) sag in the southern Pearl River Mouth basin is the largest and deepest sag in deepwater northern South China Sea.Researches and exploration in this sag have revealed many distinct features of the sag.This article reports its filling history through backstripping of depth data of interpreted sequence boundaries.Maps of sediment rates of 10 sequences from 49 Ma to the present were constructed,showing the spatio-temporal variation of the sediment rate.Three stages of sediment infilling,49-17.5 Ma,17.5-10.5 Ma,and 10.5-0 Mn,were divided by abrupt changes of sedimentary patterns.If the breakup of the South China Sea took place at ～30 Mn,significant pint-breakup acceleration of sedimentation was observed at 17.5-15.5 Ma and 13.8-12.5 Mn,indicating acceleration of subsidence at these times.We propose that the onset of strong post-breakup snbsidence at ～17.5 Ma was an important tectonic event that changed the pattern of sedimentation from discrete and medium-rate depmition centers in both main and south snbsags to restricted but high-rate deposition in the main snbsag.The cause and implications of this newly recognized event need tobe investigated.     

晚中新世西太平洋暖池的浮游有孔虫和氧同位素证据

浮游有孔虫深水种Globoquadrina dehiscens于10Ma左右从西太平洋和南海绝灭, 要比其他地区早大约3Ma.伴随这一事件还见以表层暖水种增多而深水种大幅度减少为主要特征的生物群变化.古生物和氧同位素结果指示当时表层水变暖和温跃层变深, 我们认为是与早期西太平洋暖池的发育有关.该种在西北和西南太平洋呈阶段性消失也说明暖水堆集比赤道区更强, 尽管印尼海道在晚中新世已大为变窄, 穿越印尼海道的径流可能尚保持较高的通量水平而使赤道区暖水堆集不特别明显.南海的浮游氧同位素值通常比开放西太平洋的低, 也说明中新世时期的上层海水环境与现代相似, 都是暖池边缘区比中心区变化大.暖池边缘区水体环境多变和温度梯度较高可能是受季风的影响, 结果造成深水种的降低和G.dehiscens提早从南海地区绝灭.      

珠江口盆地裂后阶段性差异沉降及其成因机制*

位于南海北部陆缘的珠江口盆地裂后沉降特征不同于陆内典型断陷盆地。研究表明,盆地裂后期发生了阶段性有序差异沉降,可分为4个阶段: (1)渐新世早期(~33.9~27.2 Ma),以盆地整体缓慢沉降,大规模海侵为主要特征;(2)渐新世晚期(~27.2~23.0 Ma),以邻近西北次海盆的珠四坳陷强烈沉降为主要特征,差异沉降控制了陆架坡折带的发育和该时期陆架浅水和陆坡深水沉积环境的分布;(3)中新世早—中期(~23.0~10.0 Ma),陆缘强烈沉降区向北扩展至珠二坳陷,尤其是白云凹陷,导致陆架坡折带向北跃迁,并奠定了现今陆架浅水和陆坡深水的沉积格局;(4)中新世晚期—现今(~10.0~0 Ma),陆缘构造沉降逐渐减弱,陆坡由沉积区转变为沉积过路区,沉积物得以大量进入西北次海盆。渐新世2期快速沉降的初始时间,分别对应于南海扩张脊的跃迁,陆缘裂后沉降随扩张脊向南跃迁而向北扩展,并伴有岩浆作用的早强晚弱特点,而沉降量的大小则与裂陷期地壳的薄化程度正相关,反映了陆缘岩石圈经历了早期挠曲回弹的均衡调整和扩张脊跃迁导致地幔物质有序向南撤离而沉降的演化过程。珠江口盆地裂后有序差异沉降控制了陆架坡折带的发育,进而控制了浅水与深水两大沉积体系的展布。