Volume rendering visualization of 3D spherical mantle convection with an unstructured mesh

We propose a new approach to utilize the algorithm of hardware-assisted visibility sorting (HAVS) in the 3D volume rendering of spherical mantle convection simulation results over unstructured grid configurations. We will also share our experience in using three different spherical convection codes and then taking full advantages of the enhanced efficiency of visualization techniques, which are based on the HAVS techniques and related transfer functions. The transfer function is a powerful tool designed specifically for editing and exploring large-scale datasets coming from numerical computation for a given environmental setting, and generates hierarchical data structures, which will be used in the future for fast access of GPU visualization facilities. This method will meet the coming urgent needs of real-time visualization of 3D mantle convection, by avoiding the demands of huge amount of I/O space and intensive network traffic over distributed parallel terascale or petascale architecture.     

基于体绘制技术的三维地震数据可视化

针对三维地震数据体显示需求,在分析直接体绘制三维可视化方法及技术的基础上,结合三维地震数据的特点,对其进行了一定地改进。并实现了三维地震数据体可视化方法和软件,经对三维地震波振幅特征透视显示,可揭示三维地震振幅强弱变化的空间分布。     

三维地震数据的体绘制

体视化技术是三维地震数据浏览、分析和解释的有效工具。对于理解地震数据中蕴涵的结构和地层学信息，体视化比使用一组二维切片表示三维数据更自然。解释人员可以突出数据体中某些特定的区域体，以利于更好地理解它们的空间分布，也可以添加合并两个或者更多的，具有不同地震特征的体积区域。医学应用方面的一些体视化方法不能直接应用于地震数据方面．必须考虑地震数据自身特点才能使可视化成功实现。通过分析三维地震数据的特点进而得出实现三维地震数据体视化算法的基本方法，并对实际数据进行了实验。     

Data Assimilation and Three-dimensional Visualization of Lithospheric Structures of the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau

Various three-dimensional (3D) geophysical and geological data are increasingly available with the advanced technology in the recent years. New challenges emerge frequently in visualizing 3D data due to data variety and the specific display requirement. In this study, we presented a solution of the data assimilation and visualization of lithospheric structures in the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Three typical datasets were assimilated in the model: ①seismic velocity to the depth of 100 km, ②fault geometry in the upper-and mid-crust and ③topographical data on the surface. The S and P wave velocities in the study area obtained from a high-density portable seismic array were interpolated into regular blocks of the size of 1 km×1 km×2 km and written in RAW format. The major active faults were digitalized and their 3D geometry was generalized by using striking and trending angles, and then organized into unstructured VTK format. The surface topographical DEM data were also converted into unstructured VTK format. In order to integrate and visualize the data, an open source multi-platform software package Paraview was used. It offered various visualization schemes; in particular, volume rendering technique provided stunning static/dynamic images of the structures and highlighted the anomalies in the 3D space. This solution can be applied to other types of 3D geophysical and geological data.     

gLucifer: next generation visualization framework for high-performance computational geodynamics

High-performance computing provides unprecedented capabilities to produce higher resolution 4-D models in a fraction of time. Thus, the need exists for a new generation of visualization systems able to maintain parity with the enormous volume of data generated. In attempting to write this much data to disk, each computational step introduces a significant performance bottleneck, yet most existing visualization software packages inherently rely on reading data in from a dump file. Available packages make this assumption of postprocessing at quite a fundamental level and are not very well suited for plotting very large numbers of specialized particles. This necessitates the creation of a new visualization system that meets the needs of large-scale geodynamic modeling. We have developed such a system, gLucifer, using a software framework approach that allows efficient reuse of our efforts in other areas of research. gLucifer is capable of producing movies of a 4-D data set “on the fly” (simultaneously with running the parallel scientific application) without creating a performance bottleneck. By eliminating most of the human efforts involved in visualizing results through postprocessing, gLucifer reconnects the scientist to the numerical experiment as it unfolds. Data sets that were previously very difficult to even manage may be efficiently explored and interrogated without writing to disk, and because this approach is based entirely on memory distributed across as many processors as are being utilized by the scientific application, the visualization solution is scalable into terabytes of data being rendered in real time.     

基于立方体元的Shear - warp体绘制加速算法

大规模三维地震数据的直接体绘制,是一个计算和数据双重密集型问题.为了提高三维图像的重建效率,提出了一种基于立方体元的Shear- warp地震数据体绘制算法.该算法通过构建立方体元在相邻的体素点之间建立联系;然后根据地震数据的特征对体元进行分类,在绘制过程中通过二叉树索引,快速定位分类结果.通过索引结果,避免了对等值体...     

煤矿地震数据三维可视化研究

根据煤矿地震数据二维解释中存在的问题,以及三维可视化在三维地震解释中的优势,将三维可视化技术应用到煤矿地震数据解释中。结合煤矿地震数据特点,研究了OpenGL和VC 6.0联合编程,利用适合地震数据三维显示算法,研制了基于Windows的煤矿地震数据三维可视化系统Sgy3D。Sgy3D系统基本功能包括数据体、Inline剖面、Crossline剖面、层位、等值线、任意测线等要素的三维立体显示;实现了对数据体的动态放大、缩小、平移等交互操作。将Sgy3D应用于实际地震资料解释,取得了良好的地质效果。     

Clustering and visualization of earthquake data in a grid environment

We present a web client-server service WEB-IS, which we have developed for remote analysis and visualization of seismic data consisting of both small magnitude events and large earthquakes. We show that the problem-solving environment (PSE) intended for prediction of large magnitude earthquakes can be based on this WEB-IS idea. The clustering schemes, feature generation, feature extraction techniques and rendering algorithms form a computational framework of this environment. On the other hand, easy and fast access both to the seismic data distributed among distant computing resources and to computational and visualization resources can be realized in a GRID framework. We discuss the usefulness of NaradaBrokering (iNtegrated Asynchronous Real-time Adaptive Distributed Architecture) as a middleware, allowing for flexibility and high throughput for remote visualization of geophysical data. The WEB-IS functionality was tested both on synthetic and the actual earthquake catalogs. We consider the application of similar methodology for tsunami alerts.     

基于CUDA的地震相干体并行算法

相干体技术在地震勘探资料解释方面得到了广泛的应用,由于相干体技术处理的对象是三维地震数据体,所以算法运算时间较长。为了缩短解释周期,本文充分发挥GPU并行计算优势,对C3相干体算法进行并行化分析。从硬盘读取数据到GPU上计算相干值并写入硬盘的整个过程进行分析,剔除了冗余数据的读取,完成了C3相干体算法的并行化设计与实现。最后分别对串行算法与并行算法进行性能测试,结果表明本文设计的并行算法在保证精度的前提下达到了16倍左右的加速比,对加快地震资料解释具有重要意义。     

基于体素模型的三维显示技术

针对矿产资源勘探数据的特点,研究了适合地质体信息三维可视化的体绘制模型和空间插值算法。基于IDL软件平台,开发了三维数据可视化软件;该软件能够快速、准确地将地质体的物性特征展示出来。最后,以内蒙古某金属矿床钻孔资料为例,对建立的三维可视化方法技术进行了应用检验,取得了较好的应用效果。     

Interactive visualization of 3D mantle convection

The current availability of thousands of processors at many high performance computing centers has made it feasible to carry out, in near real time, interactive visualization of 3D mantle convection temperature fields, using grid configurations having 10–100 million unknowns. We will describe the technical details involved in carrying out this endeavor, using the facilities available at the Laboratory of Computational Science and Engineering (LCSE) at the University of Minnesota. These technical details involve the modification of a parallel mantle convection program, ACuTEMan; the usage of client–server socket based programs to transfer upwards of a terabyte of time series scientific model data using a local network; a rendering system containing multiple nodes; a high resolution PowerWall display, and the interactive visualization software, DSCVR. We have found that working in an interactive visualizastion mode allows for fast and efficient analysis of mantle convection results. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

基于Unity3D引擎的三维可视化技术在煤炭地震勘探中的应用

为满足地震勘探报告三维可视化的需要,以Unity3D引擎为开发平台,利用GIS 3D分析及3DS max三维建模,研究应用煤炭地震勘探三维可视化技术,实现三维地质数据体、地质层位(包括断层面)以及复杂地质模型等的三维可视化,实现对三维地质模型的平移、旋转、缩放,以及各种综合立体显示,建立三维环境漫游和三维可视化交互平台,并以动画形式表现出来,形成具有灵活方便使用的可视化系统。     

地震储层研究的现状及展望

在阐明地震储层概念及其不同阶段主要研究内容的基础上,详细分析了交互迭后处理、测井资料的应用、层位标定、三维地震资料精细解释、层位自动拾取、层面切片、断层切片、相干数据体、多线剖面、三维可视化、地震储层参数预测、烃类检测、地震属性分析及地质统计学和时间推移地震等技术的应用现状,最后对地震储层研究今后的发展提出了意见和建议。     

三维可视化技术在地震资料解释中的研究与应用

应用三维可视化技术，可以对三维地震资料进行立体的、多方位的展示和观察，以研究地震资料的宏观特征和构造细节，最终达到提高解释精度，提高地质解释的合理性的目的。通过介绍三维可视化技术的发展现状及原理，说明三维可视化技术在三维地震资料解释中的应用方法，并列举了三维可视化解释软件在地震资料解释中的部分功能。     

多地震属性体实时融合三维可视化技术

多属性融合技术是近年来针对单一属性的局限性而发展起来的一项新技术。通过研究三维空间中多种地震属性体实时融合技术,提出了一种实现方案。采用八叉树结构有效进行数据的动态管理,基于Shader编程技术,利用GPU可编程管线加速,实现多属性体融合的三维可视化。基于该方案,研发了三维可视化多属性体融合系统,实现了基于RGB映射和属性加权的两种融合技术,保证了多属性体高质量实时融合渲染,通过实际应用取得了良好效果。     

A visualization system for mineral elasticity

The authors have developed an efficient visualization system to gain insight into large collections of mineral elasticity data produced by an increasing number of both theoretical calculations and experiments. The system allows us to visualize multivariate elastic moduli (i.e., elastic constant tensors) and their variation with composition, pressure and temperature. Moreover, it supports visualization of elastic wave propagation in an anisotropic medium by rendering the wave velocity data, which are calculated as a function of propagation direction in a three-dimensional space. This paper describes the design, implementation and application of the visualization scheme we have developed for mineral elasticity. In particular, our scheme exploits a combination of parallel coordinates, star plot, scatter plot and polygon-surface rendering techniques, which are implemented using OpenGL, GLUI and C++. The result is a highly portable and flexible interactive visualization system. For illustration, the elastic properties of several important oxide and silicate minerals are successfully visualized as a function of pressure and temperature.Reviewed by: D. Yuen, G. Erlebacher     

城市地下空间三维地质模型可视化技术研究

目前,城市地下空间信息化发展面临着海量数据组织、管理和可视化显示等亟需解决的关键问题。本文顺应国家新型智慧城市建设趋势,提出并实现了城市地下空间三维地质模型可视化技术,构建地质三维模型分级数据,按照不规则四叉树结构形成LOD数据;基于构建的三维空间网格码规范编码,运用降维、非布尔运算的方法,实现最大精度化的地下空间模型数据无限逼近的融合;并采用多渲染引擎的混合渲染架构,支持DirectX、WebGL（OpenGL ES）、OSG（OpenGL）和游戏引擎（Unreal Engine）等多引擎渲染,实现TB级地下时空数据的真实感可视化与高效调度,为城市地下空间开发利用提供数据支持和辅助决策分析支撑。     

Land 3D-Seismic Data: Preprocessing Quality Control Utilizing Survey Design Specifications, Noise Properties, Normal Moveout, First Breaks, and Offset

The recent proliferation of the 3D reflection seismic method into the near-surface area of geophysical applications, especially in response to the emergence of the need to comprehensively characterize and monitor near-surface carbon dioxide sequestration in shallow saline aquifers around the world, Justifies the emphasis on cost-effective and robust quality control and assurance (QC/QA) workflow of 3D seismic data preprocessing that is suitable for near-surface applications. The main purpose of our seismic data preprocessing QC is to enable the use of appropriate header information, data that are free of noise-dominated traces, and/or flawed vertical stacking in subsequent processing steps. In this article, I provide an account of utilizing survey design specifications, noise properties, first breaks, and normal moveout for rapid and thorough graphical QC/QA diagnostics, which are easy to apply and efficient in the diagnosis of inconsistencies. A correlated vibroseis time-lapse 3D-seismic data set from n CO2-flood monitoring survey is used for demonstrating QC dlagnostles. An Important by-product of the QC workflow is establishing the number of layers for n refraction statics model in a data-driven graphical manner that capitalizes on the spatial coverage of the 3D seismic data.     

Exploring the seismic expression of fault zones in 3D seismic volumes

Mapping and understanding distributed deformation is a major challenge for the structural interpretation of seismic data. However, volumes of seismic signal disturbance with low signal/noise ratio are systematically observed within 3D seismic datasets around fault systems. These seismic disturbance zones (SDZ) are commonly characterized by complex perturbations of the signal and occur at the sub-seismic (10 s m) to seismic scale (100 s m). They may store important information on deformation distributed around those larger scale structures that may be readily interpreted in conventional amplitude displays of seismic data. We introduce a method to detect fault-related disturbance zones and to discriminate between this and other noise sources such as those associated with the seismic acquisition (footprint noise). Two case studies from the Taranaki basin and deep-water Niger delta are presented. These resolve SDZs using tensor and semblance attributes along with conventional seismic mapping. The tensor attribute is more efficient in tracking volumes containing structural displacements while structurally-oriented semblance coherency is commonly disturbed by small waveform variations around the fault throw. We propose a workflow to map and cross-plot seismic waveform signal properties extracted from the seismic disturbance zone as a tool to investigate the seismic signature and explore seismic facies of a SDZ.     

煤矿采区三维地震构造精细解释技术——全三维地震解释技术

全三维地震解释是指对三维地震资料的三度空间的立体解释,即从三维可视化的立体显示出发,以地质体为单元,采用点、线、面结合的三度空间的立体可视化解释。它从三维地震数据体出发,面块切片解释技术,相干体切片解释技术,水平切片解释技术,垂直剖面、弯曲剖面及沿层切片等技术的有机结合,实现立体空间解释,大大提高了构造及地质目的体解释的精度。