子午线弧长的一种新算法应用

介绍一种椭球子午线弧长的计算方法，并以我国常用的1954年北京坐标系椭球为例进行了实例计算。该法与椭圆积分计算方法相比较，公式简单明了，计算方法简便，并能满足精度要求。     

子午线弧长和等面积纬度函数变换的直接展开式

为实现等距离投影和等面积投影间的直接变换,借助计算机代数系统Mathematica,推导出了子午线弧长和等面积纬度函数变换的直接展开式,将式中系数统一表示为椭球偏心率的幂级数形式,可解决不同参考椭球下的变换问题。算例分析表明导出公式的精度分别高于10-3km2和10-4m,可供实际使用。     

基于不同经纬线类型组合的地图投影新定义

正轴方位投影、伪方位投影、圆锥投影、伪圆锥投影、圆柱投影、伪圆柱投影和多圆锥投影,实为不同类型的经纬线族的组合。在对经纬线类型定义的基础上,根据不同投影的经纬网构成规律,分别对方位投影等7种投影给出了新的数学定义。新的地图投影定义,以其简明的数学形式,定量地揭示了不同投影的经纬网特点和本质特征。     

测绘装备软件的质量控制

针对测绘装备软件质量控制中影响软件质量的主要问题，依据软件工程标准，提出了加强软件需求分析、建立软件测试环境等改进意见。     

户外风测量设备检测方法研究

进行户外风测量设备的检测是保证安全生产与获得准确的气象观测数据的前提。通过测量标准对户外风测量设备的测量数据进行实时比测,规定检测环境条件、检测项目、检测方法,剔除异常值,以减小数据采集不同步造成的不确定度分量,得到户外风测量设备的检测结果。对检测结果的不确定度进行分析评定,对户外风测量设备的性能进行评价。     

海床基自动监测系统中央控制单元设计与实验

根据海洋监测仪器及系统工作环境的特点,需要从高可靠性、低功耗、长时间工作、小体积、轻重量等几个方面进行深入分析和研究。论文设计的海床基自动监测系统的中央控制单元,采用工业MSP430、带中断输出的时钟芯片DS1305、FLASH RAM和低阈值VMOS功率管等低功耗3.3 V器件,应用中断和休眠软件设计方法,很好地满足了使用要求。通过实验和分析,指出了低功耗海洋监测仪器及系统设计的基本原则,总结了MSP430闲置的管脚处理、上拉电阻阻值合理选择和电池自放电电流等问题的解决方案和应用经验。     

利用非线性声学测量冰厚的方法研究

文章介绍了利用非线性声学原理和声纳测距原理测量海冰上下界面信息的技术和方法,并根据海冰的声学特性计算海冰的厚度.     

Subsurface Water Masses in the Central North Pacific Transition Region: The Repeat Section along the 18° Meridian

A repeat hydrographic section has been maintained over two decades along the 180° meridian across the subarctic-subtropical transition region. The section is naturally divided into at least three distinct zones. In the Subarctic Zone north of 46°N, the permanent halocline dominates the density stratification, supporting a subsurface temperature minimum (STM). The Subarctic Frontal Zone (SFZ) between 42°–46°N is the region where the subarctic halocline outcrops. To the south is the Subtropical Zone, where the permanent thermocline dominates the density stratification, containing a pycnostad of North Pacific Central Mode Water (CMW). The STM water colder than 4°C in the Subarctic Zone is originated in the winter mixed layer of the Bering Sea. The temporal variation of its core temperature lags 12–16 months behind the variations of both the winter sea surface temperature (SST) and the summer STM temperature in the Bering Sea, suggesting that the thermal anomalies imposed on the STM water by wintertime air-sea interaction in the Bering Sea spread over the western subarctic gyre, reaching the 180° meridian within a year or so. The CMW in this section originates in the winter mixed layer near the northern edge of the Subtropical Zone between 160°E and 180°. The CMW properties changed abruptly from 1988 to 1989; its temperature and salinity increased and its potential density decreased. It is argued that these changes were caused by the climate regime shift in 1988/1989 characterized by weakening of the Aleutian Low and the westerlies and increase in the SST in the subarctic-subtropical transition region. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The First Law of Thermodynamics in a salty ocean

The First Law of Thermodynamics is developed from fundamentals for open, non-equilibrium systems of seawater in motion, exchanging salt and freshwater internally and with their surroundings, and varying continuously in temperature, pressure, and salinity. The aim is clarity and consistency of concepts – and precision in the accompanying vocabulary. Particular attention is given to the way in which salinity variation plays out in the logical structures. The arbitrary constants in the thermodynamic potentials and the various First Law equations are highlighted, in order to remove them, and to recover the physically meaningful content. When this is done, it is seen that salinity variations have little consequence in application of the First Law to the ocean, apart from affecting values of coefficients.     

赣榆建起全省首家"产虫"工厂

一种用于河蟹、对虾等苗种开口饵料的小虫--丰年虫,自今年元月初以来,开始在赣榆县连云港澳尔逊水产饲料有限公司批量生产.像这样专门"产虫"的工厂,在全省尚属首家.