山西地震活动度的空间分布

用地震活动度定量描述地震活动性的方法，对山西省有史料记载以来的地震资料，通过Ｓ值空间扫描计算，绘制了山西省地震活动度等值线图。定量地表达了山西省地震活动度的空间分布特征。     

Spatial Distribution of Triggered Earthquakes in the Conditions of Mining-Induced Seismicity

Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth - Abstract—The spatial distribution of the triggered seismic events in mining conditions in the tectonically loaded rock masses is studied using the...     

Clustering Analysis of Spatial Distribution of Seismicity in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

According to tie records of seismic station networks of China's continent and Korea Peninsula and the historical data,the complete seismicity pattern was obtained for the first time.The seismic zoning was conducted by means of the cluster analysis method.The map's spatial distribution of seismicity from 1960 to 1994 shows that there are three strong seismic zones:the first one strikes in the NE direction,from the Jiangsu plain in China to the central Korean Peninsula; the second strikes in the NW direction,from the Bohai Sea,China to the southern Korean Peninsula; the third strikes in the NW direction,from the western Liaoning Province to Pyongyang.Most of earthquakes are located along these three zones,the seismic intensity is lower than that in the mainland,and exhibited the feature of fractured crust of a marginal sea basin.     

Reservoir-induced Seismicity in China

—A review of case histories of reservoir-induced seismicity (RIS) in China shows that it mainly occurs in granitic and karst terranes. Seismicity in granitic terranes is mainly associated with pore pressure diffusion whereas in karst terranes the chemical effect of water appears to play a major role in triggering RIS. In view of the characteristic features of RIS in China, we can expect moderate earthquakes to be induced by the construction of the Three Gorges Project on the Yangtze River.     

An Overview of Seismicity in China

This paper gives an overview of seismicity in China, including large-scale seismicity heterogeneity in space-time, aftershock activity, b-value, earthquake mechanism, and its possible mechanics.     

中国地震活动性述评

对与我国地震活动性有关的地震资料、地震的地理分布、震源深度分布、地震的时间进程等方面的研究情况,进行了简要评述;并对研究工作需要注意的问题,以及台湾地震的成因。表明了观点。     

Interevent Time Distribution in Seismicity: A Theoretical Approach

This paper presents an analysis of the distribution of the time τ between two consecutive events in a stationary point process. The study is motivated by the discovery of unified scaling laws for τ for the case of seismic events. We demonstrate that these laws cannot exist simultaneously in a seismogenic area. Under very natural assumptions we show that if, after rescaling to ensure Eτ =1, the interevent time has a universal distribution F, then F must be exponential. In other words, Corral’s unified scaling law cannot exist in the whole range of time. In the framework of a general cluster model we discuss the parameterization of an empirical unified law and the physical meaning of the parameters involved. An erratum to this article is available at .     

环太平洋大震的时空特征分析

本文基于聚类分析方法和聚类树图, 对1890年以来环太平洋周边7.5级以上大震的时间间隔特征进行分析, 发现起始震级低于8.0级的地震分类特征一致, 而起始震级在8.0级以上地震分类特征比较详细: 在初步分为地震活跃期和地震平静期时, 在地震活跃期内, 又可细分为地震活动相对高活跃期(时间间隔1年左右)和地震活动相对低活跃期(时间间隔6年左右)。 进而, 以8.0级以上地震最后一个活跃期为例, 揭示了在地震活跃期内, 地震的空间迁移表现出逆时针旋转的特征。     

RIS时空分布特征及其与库区地质构造环境的关系

在广泛收集了国内外水库诱发地震震例资料的基础上,利用统计学的方法,进行了水库诱发地震空间分布与时间响应特征及其与库区地质构造环境关系的研究,结果表明:①在空间分布上,诱发地震主要集中在水库周缘10 km范围之内,并局限于特定的库段丛集分布,当库区具备一定的地质构造与水文地质条件时,诱发地震活动会随着水库蓄、放水过程中的水位变化而发生迁移;②对于不同地区或不同水库,诱发地震活动的时间响应存在着差异,总体上:在水库蓄水后1年以内,初次响应占据一定的优势,而绝大部分诱发主震活动发生在水库初始蓄水1年以后。对长时间的水库蓄水历程而言,"混合响应"是水库诱发地震活动表现形式的主体,而"快速响应"和"滞后响应"仅是在一定的时间段内反应的阶段性现象;③诱发地震响应与水库水位变化的关系十分复杂多样,既存在正相关关系,又有负相关性,同时在某种程度上表现出了较高震级的水库诱发地震对水位变化速率的依赖;④水库诱发地震时空分布受发震库区地形地貌与局部地质构造条件、岩性条件、水文地质条件等方面的先存内因的控制,事实上,它们对水库诱发地震时空分布的控制作用并不是截然分开的,其间存在着相互依存、辩证统一的关系。     

中国大陆地震趋势分析

在近年全国地震大形势研究的基础上。根据中国大陆地震活动的时空强演化图像及其相关参数的统计结果,并结合大陆周围附近地区强震活动对其内部的影响等客观现象,对大陆地震活动趋势进行了研究预测。结果认为,中国大陆第五地震活跃期到2001年已经结束,2008年3月21日新疆于田7．3级地震可能是中国大陆新的地震活跃期开始。     

Spatial Separation of Large Earthquakes, Aftershocks, and Background Seismicity: Analysis of Interseismic and Coseismic Seismicity Patterns in Southern California

We associate waveform-relocated background seismicity and aftershocks with the 3-D shapes of late Quaternary fault zones in southern California. Major earthquakes that can slip more than several meters, aftershocks, and near-fault background seismicity mostly rupture different surfaces within these fault zones. Major earthquakes rupture along the mapped traces of the late Quaternary faults, called the principal slip zones (PSZs). Aftershocks occur either on or in the immediate vicinity of the PSZs, typically within zones that are ??2-km wide. In contrast, the near-fault background seismicity is mostly accommodated on a secondary heterogeneous network of small slip surfaces, and forms spatially decaying distributions extending out to distances of ??10?km from the PSZs. We call the regions where the enhanced rate of background seismicity occurs, the seismic damage zones. One possible explanation for the presence of the seismic damage zones and associated seismicity is that the damage develops as faults accommodate bends and geometrical irregularities in the PSZs. The seismic damage zones mature and reach their finite width early in the history of a fault, during the first few kilometers of cumulative offset. Alternatively, the similarity in width of seismic damage zones suggests that most fault zones are of almost equal strength, although the amount of cumulative offset varies widely. It may also depend on the strength of the fault zone, the time since the last major earthquake as well as other parameters. In addition, the seismic productivity appears to be influenced by the crustal structure and heat flow, with more extensive fault networks in regions of thin crust and high heat flow.     

Power Law Distribution of Broadband Radiated Energy for Global Seismicity

The claim that there exists a transition of earthquake energy distribution between small and large earthquakes is checked using broadband radiated energy of earthquakes for global seismicity. Scattering of the relation between the magnitude and the broadband radiated energy makes it necessary to use the energy data directly. Rank-ordering statistics is applied to enhance the resolution in retrieving the power law distribution with undersampled data, namely, a few tens of events. Seen in the perspective of broadband radiated energy with higher resolution, there is no evidence for the kink in the frequency-energy distribution for large and small earthquakes. Instead, a single power law can well explain the data. For earthquakes with energy larger than 10~(14) J, we find that the number N of events with energy E depends on E via N ∝ E-B, with the scaling constant B = 0.64 ± 0.04, corresponding to b = 0.95± 0.06.     

基于片法对地震低活动水平区域的构造分布特征研究

文中应用片法研究了首都圈地区在39.8°～40.4°N和114.0°～115.0°E范围内的地震活动分布。 片法主要是针对地震活动分布比较稀疏、断层无法直观识别的地区,用空间扫描的方法,并结合相应的统计检验方法,来评价地震震中分布的线性特征是否显著,从而进一步识别地震断层。 该文选定的研究区域,在过去30多年的时间里共发生了1.0～5.0级地震906次,地震的活动不活跃比较符合片法的应用研究。 将该方法用于所选定区域地震数据的研究表明,其识别能力还是较好的,可以整体上刻画比较真实的地质构造特征。 对由于种种原因无法进行实测,且地震活动较低的构造区域,片法是分析其构造分布的有效补充。     

中国大陆背景噪声强度时空分布

使用中国地震台网888个宽频带地震台站2010年1月至2011年6月记录的连续波形垂直向分量, 进行了中国大陆背景噪声强度时空分布研究, 得到了中国大陆周期为10 s的背景噪声强度的时空分布图像。 背景噪声强度的时间分布具有一定的季节性和周期性变化特征, 研究表明2011年1~3月间的背景噪声强度最高。 背景噪声强度空间分布显示, 中国大陆背景噪声强度呈现明显的分区特性, 其分布与地质结构无明显相关性, 表明背景噪声场的强度高于场地效应。 其中, 东南沿海地区的背景噪声强度最大, 向内陆地区逐渐衰减, 至青藏高原地区背景噪声强度减至最小。 这种方向性的强度分布很可能与菲律宾和太平洋的潮汐等因素有关, 受印度洋的影响不大; 而到新疆地区, 背景噪声的强度又有一定程度增加, 表明这一地区的背景噪声主要不是来源于中国东南海域, 而是来自于欧亚大陆内部。 本研究得到的背景噪声强度可以为多个地区的微震强度提供基础数据资料, 也可以为背景噪声互相关的地震学研究提供参考。 更为重要的是, 还可以为基于背景噪声提取面波衰减研究提供基础数据, 进而实现从背景噪声中提取面波衰减。     

华北地区强震活动图象特征及强震趋势讨论

本分析研究了华北地区历史地震不同震级档次、时间尺度、迁移距离及其三相互联系下的地震活动图象特征,提出了有一定预测意义的１０项依据,进而讨论了华北地区今后强震活动趋势。     

华东地区地震活动加速指数AI算法应用探讨

应用改进的地震活动加速指数AI算法对华东地区1970年以来M_S≥5.0地震进行了回顾性统计检验。结果表明, AI指数能够量化地给出中强地震前小震活动的相对增强或减弱变化程度; 在小震目录较为完整的情况下, 中强地震震中区及其附近地区震前1年的小震活动与之前三年的活动背景相比, 会出现较明显的“加速”或“减速”现象。     

中国大陆地区强震的逆向追踪方法研究

强震发生前, 震源附近的地震活动往往会呈现出一些空间和时间的异常特征, 分析和提取这些异常特征的方法较多。 本文采用了与常规强震预测方法迥异的地震预测方法地震活动反向追踪法(Reverse Tracing of Precursors, RTP), 对中国大陆近30年来的几个M_S≥7.5大震(含2008年5月12日汶川M_S8.0地震)进行了探索性的回溯研究。 结果表明, 该方法在中国大陆大震预测方面有一定的适用性, 并利用该方法对中国大陆地区的未来强震活动做了一定的预测。     

我国地震的现今地球动力学研究的进展与方向

本文从活动构造、大陆地壳形变与现代地壳运动、地震活动区与大震震源区的深部探测及动力学、大陆强震区的地壳介质结构与地震成因、构造的物理及数值模拟、大陆岩石圈动力学以及地球动力学模型研究七个方面扼要介绍了近年来我国开展的与地震有关的现今地球动力学研究进展和取得的一系列新认识以及研究动向。在此基础上提出了微动态地球动力学，上地幔的非均匀性、深浅部构造关系及其动力学和地球动力学模型的理论研究三个应该优先发展的研究领域。