复杂地层非开挖管线技术及应用

非开挖施工技术是城市地下管线施工的重要方法,在埋置深度大,地质复杂,临近建筑物等不利于明挖的地段,应根据不同的地质条件,采用不同的非开挖施工方法。本文介绍了广州市芳村大道南段路段深埋污水管的施工经验。污水管穿越山岗,河流,市区繁华街道,在不影响交通,地面建筑物已敷设地下管线的条件下,采用非开挖管线施工技术施工,不须进行房屋和管线拆迁,不影响道路交通和商业经营,取得了较高的经济效益和社会效益。     

新型非开挖管线施工技术和旧管线修复技术推广应用

本文针对国内地下管线施工中,新型非开挖管线施工技术综合运用在为解决实际施工难题中起到的关键作用,同时非开挖创新技术对旧管线修复起到积极和推动作用。本文从工程实际出发,试论非开挖技术和工法,特点对解破施工难题,采用的对策以供管线施工同行交流和探讨。     

非开挖地下管线成孔机的研制

非开挖地下管线成孔机由水平钻机、扩孔机及动力站３部分组成，采用机液混合传动方式，对样机进行了试验，效果较好。该机可用于塑性地层的小口径圆形及非圆形地下单管及管线集束的非开挖铺设施工。     

非开挖地下管线铺设施工方法

铺设地下管线大都采用开挖路面的方法,这样做的结果是破坏了街路的完整性,影响交通与城市面貌,采用“非开挖地下管线铺设方法”施工可以避免为铺设地下管线而开挖街路。损伤路面、影响交通。它包括以下三种方法：挤密导孔－拉削扩孔方法,小断面挖掘液面送管方法,地下夯管方法。     

定（导）向钻进的轨迹设计

主要介绍定 (导 )向钻进非开挖地下管线施工的钻孔轨迹设计方法。     

爆管法在北美地区的应用现状

随着市政部门不断寻求节约成本的创新技术来解决地下基础设施问题,非开挖管线更换技术诸如爆管法成为可行的选择。爆管法是一种用相等或更大口径的新管更换现有地下供水给水、污水排水和燃气输送管线的施工方法。它是唯一一种完全沿旧管线线路铺设的施工方法。这使得安装新管线施工时无须征求额外通行权。爆管法兴起于20纪80年代,现在已遍布北美地区。本文通过对来自2007—2010年加拿大和美国的886个项目的调查问卷结果的总结,讨论了目前非开挖更管技术的趋势,分析了爆管法施工中的因素：包括设备的使用、采购与支付的形式、管线扩径的限制和施工的风险。     

非开挖工地的地下管线调查与探测

本文概述了探测地下管线的基本方法、地下管线探测仪的选择及地球物理探测方法的选择,介绍了在非开挖工地调查探测地下管线的步骤和方法。     

非开挖施工前的管道探测方法

只有在非开挖施工前探明了地下管线的分布情况,才能正确地制定施工方案,以防止对已有的地下管线造成破坏,引起人员伤亡和重大财产损失。通过对传统的和在当今比较前沿的几种地下管道探测方法做出介绍,旨在为施工人员在地下管道探测作业时提供更多的选择。     

导向钻进非开挖施工技术在城市管线铺设中的应用

简要介绍了导向钻进非开挖施工技术的原理与施工方法。分析了我队在江西省丰城市应用该技术的两个实例和效果,说明该技术用于地下管线工程是一种有效的施工方法。     

隧道开挖对邻近地下管线的影响预测分析

隧道施工会引起周围土体移动,进而对邻近地下管线产生危害。采用Loganathan公式计算隧道开挖引起的管线平面处的土体竖向位移,对地下管线的受力模型进行简化,基于Winkler地基模型,推导出地下管线由于隧道开挖引起的弯矩和变形计算公式。通过相关算例的分析,与连续弹性解和Attwell解的计算结果进行了比较,研究结果表明,提出的方法可以很好地预估地下管线所受的弯矩。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861