扎兰屯铀成矿远景带南段铀成矿特征及预测评价

研究区位于扎兰屯火山岩型铀成矿远景带南段,燕山期强烈的构造-岩浆活动造就了区内绝大多数铀成矿作用。通过综合整理前人资料及区内开展的铀矿资源调查评价工作,从铀矿时空分布特征、铀矿化特征对区内铀矿地质特征进行总结分析;将区内火山岩型铀矿划分为潜火山亚类、蚀变裂隙带亚类和层间破碎带亚类3种类型;区内铀成矿受地层岩性、潜火山岩、构造、热液蚀变复合控制,其中潜火山岩和构造起主导性作用;初步预测出4处铀成矿远景区,为下一步找矿工作指明方向和思路,以实现铀资源的扩大预期。     

黑龙江省伊春铀成矿远景带矿化特征及控制因素

伊春铀成矿远景带地质背景复杂,发育有火山岩型、花岗岩型、变质岩型铀矿化,已发现的铀矿化点集中分布于帽儿山等8处异常区。笔者通过对区内火山岩型、花岗岩型铀矿化特征进行分析,总结了该带铀矿化的区域控制因素,认为前寒武纪富铀地质体、断裂和火山构造,以及层位、岩性和矽卡岩型多金属矿化等因素对铀矿化具有重要的控制作用。在此基础上,提出该带下一步的找矿工作思路。     

康滇地轴南段前寒武系铀成矿地质特征

本文从区域地质背景、铀矿床类型以及铀成矿条件等论述了康滇地轴南段不同类型的铀矿化在时间、空间上的分布规则。康滇地轴上的铀矿化主要出现在砂岩建造、碳硅泥岩建造、花岗岩体和火山岩及其内外接触带中,而且与每次大的构造活动旋回有关。铀成矿主要发生在前晋宁期、晋宁期、澄江期、燕山期、喜马拉雅期。构造活动后出现的高能氧化环境所产生的红层,往往成为富铀地质体和铀源体,铀经活化迁移而富集成矿。构造活动形成的地层不连续面是铀成矿的重要位置。丰富的铀源、良好的热源和有利的构造是区内铀成矿的条件,三者一致配合才有成铀矿的可能。     

钦杭成矿带北东段火山岩型铀矿定向三等距分布规律及成矿预测

钦杭古板块结合带抚州—绍兴段及两侧地区火山岩型铀矿床密集分布,区域构造环境演化及铀成矿地质特征分析表明：它们是中生代相同构造背景下构造-火山岩浆活动的产物,可归属为钦杭成矿带北东段的组成部分。构造是区内火山岩型铀矿主要控矿地质因素,火山构造与断裂构造联合控矿特征明显,不仅表现为构造分级控矿规律,而且各级铀成矿单位均表现了铀矿定向三等距分布规律。依据矿产集中域定向三等距分布规律,开展了铀成矿预测,指出了值得进一步研究及勘查的工作区。     

蒙古国铀矿地质特征及资源潜力

蒙古国蕴含较丰富的铀矿资源。本文总结了蒙古国74处已知的铀矿床（点）地质资料,将蒙古国铀矿划分为砂岩型、火山岩型、花岗岩型、蚀变岩型、沉积岩型等5种类型,其中火山岩型和砂岩型是蒙古国主要的铀矿矿床类型;通过对蒙古国大地构造背景及典型铀矿床地质特征进行研究,将蒙古国划分为4个铀成矿省,其中最具成矿潜力的是蒙古-额尔古纳铀成矿省、戈壁-塔木察格铀成矿省;结合蒙古国成矿地质背景及矿产开发情况,圈定了多尔诺特铀矿潜力区、乔伊尔铀矿潜力区、赛因山达-宗巴音铀矿潜力区、楚鲁特铀矿潜力区、布图里诺儿铀矿潜力区等5处铀矿勘查开发潜力区。     

西藏布姆松绒岩体地球化学特征及铀成矿前景

通过系统总结布姆松绒岩体的地质、地球化学特征,结合花岗岩型铀矿成矿理论及产铀花岗岩和非产铀花岗岩的判别标志,笔者认为该岩体符合产铀花岗岩的地质、地球化学特征,具有较好的铀成矿前景.其主要的找矿靶区是岩体内部的构造节点附近,找矿目标是以热液脉型为主的花岗岩型铀矿.     

华南花岗岩型铀矿成矿规律及成矿远景

花岗岩型铀矿是我国四大类型铀矿之一，它们主要集中分布于南岭中部的诸广一贵东地区，区内已发现数个花岗岩型铀矿田、数十个铀矿床，是我国花岗岩型铀矿最为重要的大型矿聚集区。花岗岩型铀矿在诸广、贵东岩体内的集中分布与区内富铀古陆块、深部构造环境、幔涌区强烈深源岩浆活动、挤压向拉伸转变的构造环境、富铀沉积建造及富铀岩体、多期次热液蚀变叠加、高低差异的放射性元素迁移、良好的还原条件和封闭环境等区域地质背景和条件有着十分密切的关系。从该区花岗岩型铀矿所具有的成矿规律和一系列有利于成矿的良好地质背景来看，该区乃至整个南岭范围地质背景相似的地区是铀成矿的有利地区，仍存在着寻找隐伏富大铀矿的巨大潜力。     

内蒙古东沟营盆地铀成矿多源信息分析与远景预测

内蒙古东沟营盆地位于扎兰屯铀成矿远景带北段,铀成矿地质条件优越.受林区覆盖厚、交通不便等因素制约,铀矿地质调查工作程度低,找矿进展缓慢.在区域铀成矿地质背景分析的基础上,通过对典型铀矿点控矿因素进行剖析,结合航空放射性、地球化学、遥感多源铀成矿信息,构建了火山岩型铀矿综合找矿模型.类比邻区典型火山岩型铀矿床,开展找矿远景分析,认为研究区具备较好的找矿前景.依据找矿模型,结合地质、物化遥综合找矿信息,圈定铀成矿有利区段4处.其中新圈定成矿有利区段3处,其成矿地质条件优越,找矿线索丰富,找矿前景较好.     

中、高分辨率遥感数据在铀成矿有利区评价中的综合应用——以新疆库鲁克塔格断隆为例

塔里木盆地北缘是近几年核工业系统开展铀矿勘查的重点区域之一,但位于其东北缘的库鲁克塔格断隆的铀矿地质工作相对薄弱。根据库鲁克塔格断隆区的铀矿找矿特点,开展了基于中等分辨率ETM和高分辨率QuickBird遥感数据的铀成矿环境、蚀变信息提取、构造解译等综合应用研究,对铀成矿有利区段进行了新的评价,选出了2片铀成矿有利区,为今后进一步的铀矿勘查提供了遥感地质依据。     

中国主要铀矿类型、特点及其空间分布

中国铀矿床通常划为四大类型,即花岗岩型、火山岩型、碳硅泥岩型、砂岩型。本文根据一些火山岩型铀矿的形成环境与火山岩浆活动关系不大,主要受火山岩浆活动之后的中酸性斑岩侵入活动控制的事实,辟出斑岩铀矿类型;斑岩型与花岗岩型、火山岩型铀矿是并列关系。花岗岩型和斑岩型铀矿归为构造控制型铀矿,火山岩型、碳硅泥岩型和砂岩型铀矿归为层位控制型铀矿。中国铀矿在空间分布上,具有成带成片、相对集中、不均衡分布特点,以SN向贺兰山—龙门山—小江断层带为界,可划分为东部滨太平洋铀成矿域、西(北)部古亚洲铀成矿域、西(南)部特提斯铀成矿域。滨太平洋铀成矿域可进一步划分为华南铀矿省、华北铀矿省和东北铀矿省。西(南)部的特提斯铀成矿域,工作程度低,找矿潜力尚待深入研究。西(北)部古欧亚大陆铀成矿域,有西北铀矿省。4大铀矿省内共划分出18个成矿带(区)。以火山岩、斑岩型铀矿为主的成矿带主要分布在我国东部靠近沿海的滨太平洋构造岩浆活动带内,以花岗岩型铀矿为主的成矿带则主要分布在我国中东部多期构造—岩浆活动带内,以碳硅泥岩型铀矿为主的成矿带主要分布在扬子陆块北部和东南部边缘地带和南秦岭地带,以砂岩型铀矿为主的成矿带主要分布在我国北部陆相沉积盆地内。铀成矿带(区)分布的不均匀性,不仅受区域成矿地质背景、保矿条件等因素控制,而且还与当前地质勘查工作程度、经济技术条件有关。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)