在成都统筹城乡土地管理制度改革现场研讨会上的总结讲话

为期三天的成都统筹城乡土地管理制度改革现场研讨会就要结束了,来自政府管理部门、科研院所、大专院校等单位300多名代表参加了会议。会议开始时,我们学习了李克强副总理对会议的重要批示。徐绍史部长、蒋巨峰省长、李春城书记作了重要致辞。葛红林市长系统介绍了成都市在统筹城乡发展中推进农村土地管理制度改革的做法。三天来,代表们分三路进行了考察,亲眼看到了成都市在灾后重建、统筹城乡发展中取得的成绩,亲身感受了综合改革给灾区农村带来的巨大变化,进一步思考了土地管理制度改革中的重大问题。会议前,以周其仁教授为首的北京大学课题组对成都市统筹城乡土地管理制度改革进行了系统的调研,在会上报告了初步成果。会议期间,各位专家和与会代表从不同层面交流了经验,从不同的角度贡献了智慧。刚才,三个组的代表分别介绍了分组讨论情况,魏宏副省长又作了重要讲话。会议取得了预期效果,开得很成功。     

以改革创新精神全面加强国土资源党建工作——在中共国土资源部直属机关委员会第十六次全体会议上的讲话

刚才,李建勤同志代表部直属机关党委常委会作了工作报告,总结了2007年的工作,提出了2008年的工作部署。各位委员进行了认真的讨论、审议,对报告发表了很好的意见,全委会审议并原则通过了工作报告,同意2008年的工作部署。会后,机关党委要按照大家的意见,对文件作进一步修改,尽快上报下发,抓紧落实。     

提高认识扎实工作不断提高年鉴和机关刊办刊水平—在《中国国土资源年鉴》、《国土资源通讯》工作会议上的讲话

同志们: 《中国国土资源年鉴》、《国土资源通讯》工作会议今天就要结束了。会上,李元副部长作了重要讲话,刘允洲、吴哗同志分别作了年鉴和机关刊的年度工作报告。江西、山东、陕西、吉林、四川、辽宁、湖北等省的同志介绍了办刊做法和经验。与会同志认真学习了李元副部长的讲话精神,就进一步提高年鉴的质量和时效、增强机关刊的可读性和感染力提出了许多好的意见和建议。大家集中精力、热情参与,积极思考、踊跃发言,进一步统一了办刊思想,交流了办刊经验,明确了办刊思路,达到了预期目的。这次会议,年鉴工作和机关刊工作两个会议一起开,降低了成本,节约了时间,提高了效率,取得了圆满成功。     

市县挂图更新方法的研究

利用挂图内图廓联系数据库,建立了挂图现势资料数据库,同时从数据库中提取了现势数据并对挂图进行了更新,保证了挂图的现势性与系统性,更好地发挥了地理信息为经济建设服务的作用。同时系统地总结了现势资料信息与资料的收集和整理方法,解决了目前收集信息的分散性,提高了信息的利用效率,避免了重复测绘,提高了其利用程度。     

扫描数字化对点误差的统计特性试验与分析

研究了通过扫描数字化试验,获取了GIS中特征点对点误差的基础数据,分析了误差的成因,讨论了误差的分布规律和统计特性,为扫描数字化精度控制及数据质量的评价提供了参考依据.     

利用BP网络识别点状地图符号的研究

在利用BP网络识别点状地图符号的过程中,提出了三项改进措施,简化了数据获取,提高了网络收敛速度。通过对训练样本图像的格式分析,实现了输入神经元的简单获取;对神经元、权值数组采取堆内存动态分配的方式,减少了内存占用,极大地提高了权收敛速度;通过对网络拓扑的分析,调整了节点的输出方式,加快了权值改正。     

国家地理信息公共服务平台——天地图的创建发展及战略价值

介绍了国家地理信息公共服务平台——天地图的创建背景和发展情况,展示了天地图的运行模式,对比了天地图与其他大型地图平台之间的异同,展现了天地图的行业优势及应用,客观分析了天地图的战略价值并讨论了不足,设想了天地图的发展可能性。     

基于地理知识服务的地理调查理论与方法研究

在地理科学的框架内,提出了面向地理知识服务的地理调查概念,指出了地理调查的内容和范围,总结了地理调查特点,并在此基础上构建了地理调查的技术方法体系,搭建了智慧地理调查平台,阐述了地理调查技术方法的实践和应用。     

在部党组务虚（扩大）会议上的总结讲话

这次部党组务虚（扩大）会议开了两天,就要结束了。会议开始时五位部领导就相关方面工作做了通报,我都赞成。会议还安排了一天的讨论,我参加了小组的讨论,也翻阅了大家的书面发言材料,刚才又听了六个小组的交流发言,感觉收获非常大。     

基于插件技术的大地测量数据集成

研究了当前大地测量数据采集模式,分析了插件系统的信息流程,建立了大地测量数据采集插件接口和数据接口,实现了各种格式的大地测量外业数据的集成,增强了系统的扩展性.     

Visualizing Migration Flows Using Kriskograms

This paper describes a new approach called kriskogram to visualizing migration flows. To create a kriskogram, geographical units are projected as a set of points on a straight line segment called a location line. The migration flow between two points on the location line is represented using a half-circle drawn from the origin to the destination in a clockwise direction. Translucent symbols and a classification scheme can be used to make a kriskogram more effective. We demonstrate this method using a set of interstate migration data of four time periods for the conterminous United States.     

变形信号与噪声的分离方法及其应用

在对变形体进行监测的时候会得到一系列不同时间的观测结果,比如对滑坡的位移监测,得到一系列的坐标,通过与首期观测数据的比较可获得变形量,然而测量中不可避免的含有误差,如何将变形信息和观测噪声分离是一个需要解决的问题。本文在变形是一个连续过程的假设下,以给定的验前方差为约束条件,通过三次连续逼近样条函数建立变形曲线,达到变形信号与噪声分离的目的,文中通过对某滑坡多年监测数据的分析验证了该方法的可行性。     

Exploring land use policy scenarios with the use of a cellular automata-based model: urban sprawl containment and sustainable development in Thessaloniki

This study addresses the issue of urban sprawl through the application of a cellular automata (CA)-based model in the area of Thessaloniki, Greece. The model integrates a multiple regression model at the regional level with a CA model at the local level. New urban land is allocated in a disaggregated field of land units (cells) taking into account a wide range of data. Particular emphasis is placed on the way zoning regulations and land availability data are inserted into the model, so that alternative land use policy scenarios could be examined. Thessaloniki, a typical Mediterranean city, is used as a case study. The model is used to compare two scenarios of urban growth up to year 2030; the first one assuming a continuation of existing trends, whereas the second one assuming the enactment of various land use zoning regulations in order to contain urban sprawl.     

Graphics processing unit-based dynamic volume rendering for typhoons on a virtual globe

Typhoons are usually accompanied by strong winds, heavy rain, storm surges and other disastrous events, and they are the most severe weather phenomena in the western part of the North Pacific Ocean. Visualisation is a key technology for analysing and presenting climate simulations and observations together with related social and ecological data. Virtual globes are a logical platform for visualising such geospatial data via the Internet. To implement interactive visualisation of typhoon data within virtual globes, this study provides a 3D texture-mapping algorithm to render volume textures on a globe. In addition, a systematic framework is proposed in which a hierarchical octree-based multiresolution data structure is implemented to organise the large volume dataset, and a graphics processing unit-based dynamic interpolation approach is proposed to obtain a smooth effect. Finally, the structure is combined with a level of detail strategy to enable the rendering of dynamic volumetric data at an acceptable interactive frame rate. To demonstrate the capabilities of this framework, data for a simulated typhoon event were rendered in World Wind, an open-source virtual globe. The experimental results demonstrate that the application of the proposed strategies can result in an interactive visualisation performance that renders typhoon data on virtual globes.     

省域跨尺度耕地土壤养分数据库构建关键技术研究

土壤养分数据库的建设是我国数字土壤建设的重要基础性工作之一。本文基于县域大比例尺耕地土壤养分数据,以山东省耕地土壤养分数据库建设为例,对数据库构建中的土壤养分空间数据库建立、属性数据库建立、空间与属性数据库关联、土壤养分分析等具体环节和关键技术进行研究,基本形成了省域跨尺度耕地土壤养分数据库构建关键技术体系。本文研究结果可为省域耕地土壤养分数据库建设提供技术支撑,为区域耕地资源的利用管理提供科学依据。     

The Bayesian detection of discontinuities in a polynomial regression and its application to the cycle-slip problem

This paper deals with the problem of detecting and correcting cycle-slips in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) phase data by exploiting the Bayesian theory. The method is here applied to undifferenced observations, because repairing cycle-slips already at this stage could be a useful pre-processing tool, especially for a network of permanent GNSS stations. If a dual frequency receiver is available, the cycle-slips can be easily detected by combining two phase observations or phase and range observations from a single satellite to a single receiver. These combinations, expressed in a distance unit form, are completely free from the geometry and depend only on the ionospheric effect, on the electronic biases and on the initial integer ambiguities; since these terms are expected to be smooth in time, at least in a short period, a cycle-slip in one or both the two carriers can be modelled as a discontinuity in a polynomial regression. The proposed method consists in applying the Bayesian theory to compute the marginal posterior distribution of the discontinuity epoch and to detect it as a maximum a posteriori (MAP) in a very accurate way. Concerning the cycle-slip correction, a couple of simultaneous integer slips in the two carriers is chosen by maximazing the conditional posterior distribution of the discontinuity amplitude given the detected epoch. Numerical experiments on simulated and real data show that the discontinuities with an amplitude 2 or 3 times larger than the noise standard deviation are successfully identified. This means that the Bayesian approach is able to detect and correct cycle-slips using undifferenced GNSS observations even if the slip occurs by one cycle. A comparison with the scientific software BERNESE 5.0 confirms the good performance of the proposed method, especially when data sampled at high frequency (e.g. every 1 s or every 5 s) are available.     

Towards 3D map generation from digital aerial images

This paper describes the fusion of information extracted from multispectral digital aerial images for highly automatic 3D map generation. The proposed approach integrates spectral classification and 3D reconstruction techniques. The multispectral digital aerial images consist of a high resolution panchromatic channel as well as lower resolution RGB and near infrared (NIR) channels and form the basis for information extraction.Our land use classification is a 2-step approach that uses RGB and NIR images for an initial classification and the panchromatic images as well as a digital surface model (DSM) for a refined classification. The DSM is generated from the high resolution panchromatic images of a specific photo mission. Based on the aerial triangulation using area and feature-based points of interest the algorithms are able to generate a dense DSM by a dense image matching procedure. Afterwards a true ortho image for classification, panchromatic or color input images can be computed.In a last step specific layers for buildings and vegetation are generated and the classification is updated.     

Cascaded image analysis for dynamic crack detection in material testing

Concrete probes in civil engineering material testing often show fissures or hairline-cracks. These cracks develop dynamically. Starting at a width of a few microns, they usually cannot be detected visually or in an image of a camera imaging the whole probe. Conventional image analysis techniques will detect fissures only if they show a width in the order of one pixel. To be able to detect and measure fissures with a width of a fraction of a pixel at an early stage of their development, a cascaded image analysis approach has been developed, implemented and tested. The basic idea of the approach is to detect discontinuities in dense surface deformation vector fields. These deformation vector fields between consecutive stereo image pairs, which are generated by cross correlation or least squares matching, show a precision in the order of 1/50 pixel. Hairline-cracks can be detected and measured by applying edge detection techniques such as a Sobel operator to the results of the image matching process. Cracks will show up as linear discontinuities in the deformation vector field and can be vectorized by edge chaining. In practical tests of the method, cracks with a width of 1/20 pixel could be detected, and their width could be determined at a precision of 1/50 pixel.