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重庆市涪陵区烤烟生产气候条件适宜性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
涪陵区烤烟生产区位于区境东南部七乡镇.涪陵区气象局在该区域建立了烤烟生产与气候条件适宜性研究试验基地,开展烤烟与气候、烤烟与气象灾害、烤烟生产气候指标的研究分析.结果表明:适宜的气候和环境条件结合先进的种植技术,是烤烟生产获得优质高产的主要因素;干旱、低温和绵雨是烤烟生产主要气象灾害;海拔600~1000m区域为烤烟生产适宜区. 相似文献
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通过对云南6个烤烟种植区35 a来烤烟大田生长期气温资料的初步分析发现:云南省6个烤烟生产区烤烟大田生长季平均气温呈明显升高趋势,热量条件有较明显的改善;各烟区烤烟成熟—采烤期气候变暖趋势一致性好、增温最突出、增幅最大,增温幅度达到了0.0155~0.0356℃/a,这在一定程度上缓和了云南省烤烟生产过程中烤烟生长中、后期高温不足这一制约云南烤烟品质提高的气候瓶颈问题,对提高云南省烟叶品质有十分重要的促进作用。 相似文献
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气候变暖对云南烤烟生产影响的初步分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对云南6个烤烟种植区35 a来烤烟大田生长期气温资料的初步分析发现:云南省6个烤烟生产区烤烟大田生长季平均气温呈明显升高趋势,热量条件有较明显的改善;各烟区烤烟成熟-采烤期气候变暖趋势一致性好、增温最突出、增幅最大,增温幅度达到了0.0155~0.0356 ℃/a,这在一定程度上缓和了云南省烤烟生产过程中烤烟生长中、后期高温不足这一制约云南烤烟品质提高的气候瓶颈问题,对提高云南省烟叶品质有十分重要的促进作用. 相似文献
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云南烤烟气候类型及其适宜性研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
根据云南烤烟气候特点,提出了判别云南烤烟气候类型及其适宜性的指标:热量为一级指标,降水和光照为二级指标。采用综合指标法评判热量条件,对其他多个气候条件应用系统聚类分析,并结合云南烤烟生产实践经验,对云南全部气象站点进行烤烟气候类型划分和适宜性评价。从而得出云南烤烟气候最适宜区和适宜区的地理分布、以及制约云南烤烟种植的主要气候原因,为云南烤烟合理布局和烤烟生产提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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本文通过烤烟产量与气候条件关系的定量化、客观化分析,探讨了影响烤烟产量的主要农业气候指标,并以此为依据,从农业气候角度提出了安徽淮北平原阜阳地区烤烟布局的意见,以供烤烟栽培及布局时参考。 一、资料与方法 文中采用1961—1982年阜阳地区烤烟逐年单产资料。由于六十年代及七十年代本区亳县烤烟种植面积占全区烤烟面积90%以上,八十年代初也仍然占60—80%,故仅采用亳县相应年份的气象资料,分析影响烤烟产量的农业气候指标。 相似文献
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本文通过广泛搜集本地及相邻地区烤烟以及相关气候资料,采用统计分析与"3S"技术相结合,从攀枝花市烤烟生长发育规律出发,较系统地分析了攀枝花市烤烟生产中热量条件的区域分布特征、垂直变化规律和主要优势,为攀枝花市烤烟生产布局提供科学依据. 相似文献
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为合理利用吉林市气候资源,提升烤烟生产效益,开展烤烟栽培气候适宜性定量评估,以制定烤烟种植优化调整方案。采用烤烟产量、气象和海拔高程等数据,基于气象条件对当地烤烟的影响,以及烤烟栽培气候资源供求关系,确定影响烤烟栽培的气象要素。采取模糊数学方法建立吉林市烤烟适宜度隶属函数及综合评价模型。考虑到海拔高度和经纬度与气象条件的关系,建立吉林山区诸气象要素的地理分布模式,在GIS平台下实现吉林市烤烟种植适宜度的精细化气候区划。结果表明:吉林市大部分地方都比较适宜烤烟栽培,但气候适宜度存在明显的区域差异,可划分为最适宜区、适宜区、次适宜区、不适宜区4类。研究区域东部和南部海拔500-800 m左右的中山地带适合烤烟栽培,但其中海拔800 m以上的高山地带气温过低,不适宜烤烟栽培;西部半山-平原区适宜度并不高。蛟河市适宜烤烟种植面积最大,其次是桦甸市,磐石市和舒兰市也较适宜烤烟栽培。烤烟精细区划结果与当地多年烤烟种植区域有一致性,但仍有较大的优化调整空间和增产增收潜力。 相似文献
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我局从1999~2003年,测报工作连续4年未出现错情,在此期间共有1个250个班,9个百班无错通过上级业务部门验收.在仪器保管、使用、维护上符合要求,对外报送的各种表、簿都能做好出门合格. 相似文献
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Summary ?Some features of the climate system that can be considered predictors of the onset and end of the convective season over
the Amazon were identified using one-month lag correlations and field composites. The fields analyzed were sea surface temperature
(SST), outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR), vertical velocity and upper tropospheric winds.
Warm (cold) anomalies in the SST in the tropical North Atlantic and the Caribbean Sea tend to be associated with delayed (early)
onsets. Likewise, there is a tendency towards a delayed (early) end of the convective season with cold (warm) anomalies in
these ocean regions. In addition, the SST in the cold tongue region of the equatorial Pacific is negatively, though weakly
correlated with the onset date. The signal of this SST is more evident in the case of the end date, which is earlier with
respect to its mean date in most of El Ni?o cases.
The convective activity intensity itself conditions the onset and the end of the convective season, as it is evidenced by
the behavior of the OLR and the vertical velocity fields. The more (less) intense the convective activity over South America
during the preceding month, the earlier the onset and the later the end of the convective season on the Amazon region.
The prediction of the onset and end dates of the convective season in the Amazon region was explored using a simple multiple
regression technique based on the variables that have shown precursor signals with respect to these dates. The correlation
coefficient between the predicted and the observed onset date is 0.81, and in the case of the end date, it is 0.76. The skill
to predict early, delayed and normal categories was high, since in more than two thirds of the cases the category was successfully
predicted, and there were no predictions of categories opposed to those observed.
Received July 23, 2001; revised February 22, 2002; accepted April 26, 2002 相似文献
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Comparing the theoretical versions of the Beaufort scale, the T-Scale and the Fujita scale 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G. Terence Meaden S. Kochev L. Kolendowicz A. Kosa-Kiss Izolda Marcinoniene Michalis Sioutas Heino Tooming John Tyrrell 《Atmospheric Research》2007,83(2-4):446-449
2005 is the bicentenary of the Beaufort Scale and its wind-speed codes: the marine version in 1805 and the land version later. In the 1920s when anemometers had come into general use, the Beaufort Scale was quantified by a formula based on experiment. In the early 1970s two tornado wind-speed scales were proposed: (1) an International T-Scale based on the Beaufort Scale; and (2) Fujita's damage scale developed for North America. The International Beaufort Scale and the T-Scale share a common root in having an integral theoretical relationship with an established scientific basis, whereas Fujita's Scale introduces criteria that make its intensities non-integral with Beaufort. Forces on the T-Scale, where T stands for Tornado force, span the range 0 to 10 which is highly useful world wide. The shorter range of Fujita's Scale (0 to 5) is acceptable for American use but less convenient elsewhere. To illustrate the simplicity of the decimal T-Scale, mean hurricane wind speed of Beaufort 12 is T2 on the T-Scale but F1.121 on the F-Scale; while a tornado wind speed of T9 (= B26) becomes F4.761. However, the three wind scales can be uni-fied by either making F-Scale numbers exactly half the magnitude of T-Scale numbers [i.e. F′half = T / 2 = (B / 4) − 4] or by doubling the numbers of this revised version to give integral equivalence with the T-Scale. The result is a decimal formula F′double = T = (B / 2) − 4 named the TF-Scale where TF stands for Tornado Force. This harmonious 10-digit scale has all the criteria needed for world-wide practical effectiveness. 相似文献
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准两年振荡对大气中微量气体分布的影响 总被引:11,自引:5,他引:6
NCAR的包含化学、辐射、动力相互作用的两维模式(SOCRATES)移植回国后进行了初步的模拟试验,用以研究某些对环境问题重要的微量气体的化学、辐射、动力传输过程。在不考虑极地平流层云和气溶胶表面非均相化学等情况下,模式积分多年,计算结果稳定,模拟的风场、温度场显示出正常的季节变化,模拟的微量气体分布与卫星实测资料对照,结果也比较一致。为了探讨热带平流层风场的准两年周期振荡(QBO)对平流层微量气体分布的影响,我们做了QBO强迫的数值试验,即在模式中加入QBO强迫,并与不考虑QBO强迫的模拟结果对比。结果表明,QBO与其相关的次级环流所引起动力输送的变化,使平流层微量气体分布发生变化。 相似文献
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Chunguang CUI Wen ZHOU Hao YANG Xiaokang WANG Yi DENG Xiaofang WANG Guirong XU Jingyu WANG 《大气科学进展》2023,40(4):711-724
Here, we analyze the characteristics and the formation mechanisms of low-level jets(LLJs) in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River during the 2010 mei-yu season using Wuhan station radiosonde data and the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ERA5) reanalysis dataset. Our results show that the vertical structure of LLJs is characterized by a predominance of boundary layer jets(BLJs) concentrated at heights of 900–1200 m.The BLJs occur most frequently at 230... 相似文献
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The impact of high resolution modern vegetation cover on the West African climate is examined using the International Centre for Theoretical Physics Regional Climate Model implementing the NCAR Community Land Model. Two high resolution 25 km long-term simulations driven by the output from a coarser 50-km resolution simulation are performed for the period 1998–2010. One high resolution simulation uses an earlier and coarser-resolution version of plant functional type distribution and leaf area index, while the other uses a more recent, higher-quality, and finer-resolution version of the data. The results indicate that the new land cover distribution substantially alters the distribution of temperature with warming in Central Nigeria, northern Gulf of Guinea and part of the Sahel due to the replacement of C4 grass with corn; and cooling along the coastlines of the Gulf of Guinea and in Central Africa due to the replacement of C4 grass with tropical broadleaf evergreen trees. Changes in latent heat flux appear to be largely responsible for these temperature changes with a net decrease (increase) in regions of warming (cooling). The improved land cover distribution also results in a wetter monsoon season. The presence of corn tends to favor larger precipitation amounts via more intense events, while the presence of tropical broadleaf evergreen trees tends to favor the occurrence of both more intense and more frequent events. The wetter conditions appear to be sustained via (1) an enhanced soil moisture feedback; and (2) elevated moisture transport due to increased low-level convergence in regions south of 10N where the most substantial land cover differences are present. Overall the changes induced by the improved vegetation cover improve, to some extent, the performance of the high resolution regional climate model in simulating the main West African summer monsoon features. 相似文献
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流场配置及地形对西南低涡形成的动力作用 总被引:10,自引:8,他引:10
本文采用定常二层模式讨论较小地形及高、低层流场配置对西南低涡形成的动力作用。指出了西南低涡的形成是与盆地、河谷以及其上气流分层有关的一种定常态.在上、下为西风分层时期,低层的浅薄暖湿西风有利于西南低涡的形成.在上、下为东、西风分层时期,上层浅薄东风亦有利于西南低涡的形成.小型的凸起山脉对西南低涡的形成没有作用. 相似文献
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由中国历史气候记录对季风导致唐朝灭亡说的质疑 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
张德二 《气候变化研究进展》2008,4(2):126-130
2007年1月4日杂志发表了Yancheva等10人的题为"Influence of the intertropical convergence zone on the East-Asian monsoon"(热带辐合带对东亚季风的影响)的论文[1],这是德国波兹坦地学研究中心气候动力与沉积学科的主管豪格(G.H.Haug)率领的科研小组的一项成果,认为是季风的变化引起的长期干旱导致了唐朝的灭亡. 相似文献