克拉玛依无人值守地震监测站远程网络监控系统的实现

为解决克拉玛依无人值守地震监测站点的设备维护及场地巡视等难题,在不改变台站现有网络环境的前提下,使用网络摄像机和配套的监控软件等设备,通过合理配置实现了无人值守地震监测站点的远程网络视频监控,并在红浅监测站进行了实际验证,效果比较满意。该系统的实现,提高了克拉玛依台对无人值守站点的管控能力,对其他台站也有一定的借鉴意义。     

远程监控报警系统在前兆无人值守台站的应用

使用C++编程语言编写前兆无人值守台站的远程监控实时报警系统,该系统以路由器连接网络摄像头与计算机作为硬件基础,通过设置监控标准图像,以0.04 s为间隔,实时采集远程摄像头监控图像,对比实时监控图像与标准图像,当场地环境与标准图像有差异时发出警告信息,以此实现前兆无人值守台站的远程监控实时报警。     

地震台网基于网络的无人值守

网络远程控制终端配合视频,实现无人值守设备的集中监控,有效降低维护成本,提高工作效率,以提高地震观测数据连续性,保障观测资料质量,确保地震观测数据连续性及资料质量。     

天津地震台站集中监控及远程控制系统建设

介绍了天津市地震局塘沽地震台集中监控及远程控制系统的建设、设备及软件使用等方面的情况,借助于光纤技术,实现了前兆观测手段地震台站无人值守模式的应用,保障了台站观测环境及仪器设备安全、监控、控制等需求。塘沽地震台作为先行建设的试点,为今后无人值守台站的建设提供借鉴及经验。     

地震台智能电源Android平台控制系统

针对无人值守地震台因供电故障造成的观测数据质量问题,现阶段GPRS在地震台站的应用大多以手机短信呈现,无良好的可视化操作界面,设计开发一种底层基于STM32单片机,以GPRS为数据传输方式,Android手机APP为监控界面的智能电源控制系统。通过在河北省地震局石家庄中心台下属的深州郭家庄地震台进行应用,证明该电源控制系统能够保证观测设备的稳定运行,并为设备维护提供了保障和依据。     

台站智能化监控的关键技术

利用物联网、信息融合、视屏流推送、冗余设计、3D人机交互等方面的知识,研发了一套可以实时、高效地监控无人值守台站工作的智能化软硬件监控系统,将传统的无人值守台站改造为智能化监控的无人值守台站——智能台站,以科学化、智能化、自动化管理无人值守台站,并详细介绍上述关键性技术在智能台站研发过程中的应用。     

一种适用于无人值守台站电源控制器的研究与实现

针对目前无人值守台站仪器因为软件等原因造成的通讯故障问题,研制了以Arduino Uno为硬件基础的电源控制器,其主要特点是,在无人值守台站需要监控的仪器和供电电瓶之间安装控制器,并将控制器接入网络;在远程同一网段的计算机安装管理端,并保持打开状态,可以不间断地实施监控功能,对仪器运行状态进行实时判断;并根据需要,实现多控制器的管理功能。经台站安装使用测试,表明设备运行效果良好。     

基于GSM的无人值守地震台站远程监控系统

针对无人值守地震台站特点,通过传感技术和嵌入式技术,采用低功耗、功能强大的单片机微处理器以及稳定、安全、嵌入式的GPRS/GSM模块等设备进行开发,实现无人值守台站的的环境监控以及远程控制。当无人值守站点交流电中断或SDH链路异常时,该监控系统均能第一时间报警并短消息提醒设备维护人员,很好应对人为对台站环境以及地震设备的影响;同时系统也能响应客户端指令完成数采等设备的断电和重启以及设备工作环境的监测,当工作环境监测到火情、盗情及温、湿度出现异常时,系统会向客户端发送报警信息,这对提高无人值守站点的技术系统稳定性与数据产品的稳定、连续性都具有重要意义。     

无人值守地震台站设备智能管控平台研发

为解决无人值守台站仪器维护难题,基于Java与PHP语言研发了无人值守台设备智能管控平台,平台实现了从状态监控、短信告警、故障智能诊断、自动故障排除到故障恢复后归档的全生命周期维护流程,同时辅以远程视频监控,建立起一套智能高效且自动化的无人值守台仪器运维机制。系统有助于故障的及时发现与自动排除,大大减少仪器运维带来的人力物力资源消耗,提高观测资料的连续性和观测质量。自系统试运行以来,设备连通率获得大幅度提高,显现出较高应用价值。     

基于网络控制板的地震台站远程电源监控系统

针对无人值守地震台站逐年增加,运行维护模式不佳的现状,设计一种远程电源监控系统,采用远程电源控制模块,设计软件通过TCP/IP协议,在仪器出现死机时,远程实现设备的断电重启。本文对该系统的设计思路、硬件构成进行描述,并简要介绍软件功能设计、监控告警以及该系统在无人值守台站的应用。实践证明,该系统可有效解决因仪器死机造成的观测数据缺记,为地震专业设备的可靠运行和及时维护提供依据与保障,为今后地震台站,特别是无人值守台站的维护提供借鉴。     

A Monte Carlo study of rainfall forecasting with a stochastic model

A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities.     

Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration Aims And Scope

正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and     

Foreword

Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States.     

WORLD ASSOCIATION FOR SEDIMENTATION AND EROSION RESEARCH(WASER)

正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study     

Enhancing remote sensing research on global change to improve our understanding on Earth system processes

正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases     

Dissolved Carbohydrate Concentration,Composition, and Bioavailability to Microbial Heterotrophs in Stream Water

Dissolved total carbohydrates (DTCH), dissolved free monosaccharides (DFMS), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), biodegradable DOC (BDOC), and humic substances (HS) were measured in White Clay Creek (WCC), a stream in southeastern Pennsylvania Piedmont, USA. Samples were collected over different seasons and under baseflow and stormflow conditions. DOC concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 12.8 mg/L C with the highest concentrations associated with stormflows. Carbohydrates ranged from 0.42 to 12.4 μM and accounted for 2.9 to 12.7% of the DOC. Humic substances represented the major DOC fraction, accounting for 55 to 72% of the DOC pool under all flow conditions. The humic fraction had a lower carbohydrate content (4.4%) than the non-humic fraction of DOC (7.2%). Stormflow DOC was enriched in carbohydrates relative to baseflow DOC, but the percentage of humic-C changed little. Carbohydrates were primarily present as dissolved polysaccharides (55%), but a significant fraction was bound to humic substances (40%), while a small proportion was present as monosaccharides (5%). The major monosaccharides in stream water, listed in order of decreasing concentration, included glucose, galactose, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose, mannose, and fucose. On average (30.6 ± 7.4)% (n = 44) of the stream water DOC was biodegradable, and carbohydrates accounted for 9.9 to 17.7% of the BDOC.