基于GIS的兰州市普通住宅价格空间格局分析

基于兰州市2005～2006普通住宅数据，利用空间分析中点模式分析，空间自相关分析，房价与区位因子的线性回归分析，空间插值方法等，对兰州市普通住宅价格的空间分布格局进行分析，并运用线性回归分析对其影响因素进行了探讨。研究表明，兰州市房地产发展在空间上具有明显的集聚特点，房价的空间自相关很明显，房价与商服中心的距离呈显著的线性相关性。空间分析方法提供了准确认识、评价和综合理解空间位置和空间相互作用的手段，为定量研究提供了支持。     

基于GWR的南京市住宅地价空间分异及演变

以南京市主城区为例,在空间自相关分析和蒙特卡罗检验的基础上,构建城市住宅地价地理加权回归模型,通过2003 年、2009 年住宅地价空间分异的对比,探讨不同影响因素对住宅地价影响的空间差异性及其随时间变化的特点,揭示住宅地价及其影响因素的空间变化关系,以促进地价的科学化管理。研究表明：① 随着影响因素数量不断增加以及合理均衡分布,区域差异性缩小,一般会减弱其对地价的影响。② 随着交通条件的不断完善,导致影响因素如CBD、主干道、公交等对地价的影响程度和范围发生变化。③ 随着时间推移,城市居民逐渐注重生活质量、居住品位的提高,公园绿地对地价的影响程度超过其他公用设施。     

外溢效应与攀比效应对城市地价空间关联的影响

现有地价空间关联的研究通常集中于探讨地理接近性的影响,不仅忽略了除地理接近性以外的其他接近性指标,而且未能深入探究接近性对地价关联的作用机制。鉴于此,该文选取102个地价监测城市为研究对象,基于2011-2016年24个季度的综合地价环比指数,从多维接近性(地理接近性和层级接近性)的角度,研究外溢效应、攀比效应及其交互作用对地价空间关联及其网络结构的影响。利用格兰杰因果检验确定城市间地价关联关系,通过构建地价关联网络,运用QAP回归和线性回归方法检验外溢效应与攀比效应对地价空间关联及其网络中心性的影响。结果表明,外溢效应与攀比效应是影响城市地价关联网络的重要因素,外溢效应的影响主要体现在对地理邻近区域间的价格传导,攀比效应是影响层级接近城市间地价关联的驱动力量,两种效应的交互作用影响城市间地价的传导与扩散,进而对地价空间关联网络中心性产生影响。对网络结构进行拓展研究发现,广州、武汉、成都、杭州在地价关联网络中处于中心位置,此外广州在地价关联网络中占据结构洞位置。研究结论不仅拓展了地价空间关联的影响因素,而且为城市土地出让价格制定提供参考。     

合肥市商业地价驱动因素的空间非平稳性分析

基于微观因素的视角,对合肥市商业地价的空间格局、空间异质性进行空间插值和回归分析,研究发现： ① 商业地价空间格局呈现多中心的结构,峰值区集中分布在城市中心,低值区分布在二环线以外的地区;② GWR模型能清晰地反映出各因素对地价影响力的空间差异,容积率、交通站点、CBD和公园是研究区商业地价的关键驱动因素;③ 较之外在因素,内在因素对商业地价的边际作用效率较大,其中尤以容积率最为突出;④ 相较于欠发达地区,容积率在高度发达的区域对地价的正向效应更为显著,而交通站点和CBD对地价的作用正好相反。商业开发更愿意为小型公园支付更高的价格。     

地理区位因子对建设用地扩展的影响分析——以珠江三角洲为例

以珠江三角洲地区为研究对象,利用1988,1998,2006年3个时相的建设用地解译数据,运用GIS空间分析手段,定量分析了地理区位因子对建设用地扩展的影响.结果表明,地理区位因子,包括离城市中心距离、离干线公路距离、离海岸线距离以及地形等因素会对建设用地扩展的方向、规模、强度等产生重要影响.地理区位因子对建设用地扩展具有明显的空间指向作用,受中心城市集聚与扩散作用以及交通可达性的影响,建设用地扩展围绕城市中心呈现距离递变规律,并向郊区、临路、临海以及平原区等优势区位集聚,从而使建设用地扩展表现出明显的空间指向性,即郊区指向、道路指向、海洋指向和平原区指向.     

重庆市普通住宅地价空间分布与影响因素研究

利用重庆市主城区2003-2007年普通住宅出让地价资料,采用统计分析和GIS空间分析相结合的方法,得到一系列重庆市普通住宅出让地价空间分布图.在此基础上,采用多元回归分析方法,进一步揭示该市住宅地价空间分布规律及其影响因素.结果表明:重庆市普通住宅①地价在空间分布上具有明显的空间变异性,呈现多中心同心圆圈层分布结构.同时,地价梯度和地价指向也存在明显的空间差异.住宅地价与因变量商业、环境、道路、土地出让形式相关,重庆城市发展兼具向心性和离心性两种特点.     

长沙市区地价的空间分布特征及其影响因素

利用长沙市2003～2009年上半年的土地交易资料,采用GIS空间分析和计量经济学相结合的方法,得出长沙市区商业、住宅和工业出让地价分布的空间结构图,分析三类用地地价的空间分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明：（1）土地用途不同,其地价的空间分布也不同,商业地价对商服繁华度要求较高,高值区集聚在市中心（以五一广场为中心）;住...     

论城市地价空间演化规律及其动因

对城市地价的空间分布研究正在逐步走向成熟，但至今仍未有人对动态分布进行过研究。本文通过对城市地价的空间分布变化规律的分析研究，利用地价平台，地价陡坡等新概念，探索其时间序列上的演化规律及其动因，力图构筑起城市地价四维空间理论的框架；进而探讨了该理论在实践中的一些应用方向和实用价值。     

合肥城市规划引导空间演进对地价时空演变的影响

运用GIS空间分析方法对合肥市2007-2011年经营性用地价格时空演变的特征进行分析。结果表明合肥市地价时空演变具有圈层式扩展、轴向梯度延伸、空间变异和空间分异四大特征。结合遥感影像图对合肥市历版城市总体规划和2006版城市总体规划作用下空间演进的特征进行分析。结果表明2007年城市地价的空间结构及特征是1956-2001年四版城市总体规划及实施形成的城市空间结构的重要表征,2006年编制的城市总体规划及实施是2007-2011年城市地价时空演变的重要影响因素。城市中心区的拓展、位移和跳跃导致地价圈层式扩展和局部空间变异;城市主导发展方向导致地价峰值区集聚轴的形成;城市空间结构的演变导致地价空间分异;新兴空间生产布局导致城市地价的空间分异和空间变异;土地出让时空密度导致城市地价的空间变异。因此,城市中心区范围的扩展和位移、主导发展方向的改变、空间结构与形态的演变、城市新兴空间的生产以及城市总体规划的实施空间选择是影响地价时空演变的重要因素。而地价时空演变的空间特征是城市空间发展策略调整的重要依据。因此,加强城市新兴空间的生产、置换城市主导发展方向上的工业区、结合游憩中心区打造城市新兴功能组团、围绕城市空间转型和地价时空演变建设城市重大基础设施和公共服务设施、优化城市多中心多组团的空间结构、分片区逐步开发是城市空间调整的响应策略。     

基于密度梯度曲线的中国城市地价特征及区域差异

选取超大型综合性城市以外的全国不同区域和职能类型的33个城市为样本,采用地价密度梯度曲线模型,对其进行曲线回归分析,得出各城市商业、住宅地价的中心值和曲率系数。分析发现现阶段我国城市地价密度梯度曲线总体上符合城市地价变动的一般规律:城市中心地价与城市规模呈正相关关系;曲率系数与城市规模呈负相关关系;商业地价曲线曲率系数比住宅地价曲线曲率系数高。再此基础上对地价梯度曲线曲率系数进行聚类分析,总结出中国城市地价的不同类型特征。另外通过对我国东中西部30个城市样本的地价梯度系数的统计分析,从空间差异角度发现三类地区的地价呈现不同特征规律。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Deserts and Aeolian Desertification in China: Book review and some thoughts

Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world＇s largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.     

REVIEWS OF GEOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE

Reviews of geographic software in this article: DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS. ESP GAUSS. CEMODEL S. Damus LIMDEP. William H. Greene MICROSTAT 4.1 OTIS PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System) . H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein. REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS) SPSS/PC+ URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

Guidelines to Authors

1. Aims and scope
Sciences in Cold and Arid Regions （SCAR） is a bimonthly journal that publishes in English the latest research achievements in processes and the pattems of the Earth surface system in cold and arid regions. Researches in cold regions emphasize particularly on the cold-region-characterized physical,