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在对中国大陆地震活动的分析研究中发现, 在某些大地震发生前的一、 两年中, 中国大陆往往出现地震活动显著平静的低活动异常。 本文应用最近100 a(1918—2017年)间5级以上地震资料, 分析地震低活动异常与未来一、 两年中国大陆地震活动的关系。 从M≥5.0地震的年频度、 年度最大地震震级、 6级以上地震的平静等方面建立了地震低活动异常的判据指标, 并从概率增益指数β、 预测效能比α、 地震预测R值评分等方面对地震低活动异常与未来大震关系作了多参数检验。 初步研究结果显示, 地震低活动异常与未来一、 两年中国大陆地震活动有一定的关系, 主要表现为其与8级左右(M≥7.8)巨大地震具有一定的相关性, 但其关联度较低, 概率增益指数β与预测效能比α为3左右, R值评分为0.2左右。 对于M<7.5的地震, 地震低活动异常未显示, 其概率增益β, R值评分接近于0, 似呈现为近于随机关系。 M7.5是开始显示地震低活动异常与其有一定相关性的转折点。 相似文献
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在前人工作的基础上,应用概率增益的思想对西北地区东部地震前兆观测的综合概率增益进行了探索性的应用研究。结果表明,前兆手段的概率增益异常集中出现在震前半年至震前1~3个月,异常项数随时间向发震时刻逼近而增加,未来震中在异常区附近,异常在空间上较为集中;前兆综合概率增益变化较大,中强地震前最高可达6个量级,但与台网的分布密度有关;中强地震前的平均台项概率增益总体上与震级大小有关,另外还与前兆台项的映震效果有关。 相似文献
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利用强震组增益P、强震组效能R和强震组分布变异值S等3种指标,对安徽省1300年以来地震成组活动的客观性进行了检验,结果显示,该区不同时段、不同震级的地震活动呈现不同的特征和分布类型;同时,用b值方法分析了目前地震活动状态;在此基础上,应用泊松模型对未来地震趋势进行了概率预测。 相似文献
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中—长期地震预测方法概率增益的评估 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
对各种不同时空尺度地震预测方法的概率增益K的评估,是应用地震预测综合概率增益模型的基本研究内容之一。各种尺度地震预测方法可分为空间增益,时间增益和时空增益三种类型,初步研究了概率增益K的评估方法,给出预测状态概率评估概率增益K的关系,并得出地震预测方法的R值评分与概率增益K的关系 相似文献
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M. N. French R. L. Bras W. F. Krajewski 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》1992,6(1):27-45
A procedure for short-term rainfall forecasting in real-time is developed and a study of the role of sampling on forecast ability is conducted. Ground level rainfall fields are forecasted using a stochastic space-time rainfall model in state-space form. Updating of the rainfall field in real-time is accomplished using a distributed parameter Kalman filter to optimally combine measurement information and forecast model estimates. The influence of sampling density on forecast accuracy is evaluated using a series of a simulated rainfall events generated with the same stochastic rainfall model. Sampling was conducted at five different network spatial densities. The results quantify the influence of sampling network density on real-time rainfall field forecasting. Statistical analyses of the rainfall field residuals illustrate improvement in one hour lead time forecasts at higher measurement densities. 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2014,(4)
正This journal is established by the Institute of Engineering Mechanics(IEM),China Earthquake Administration,to promote scientific exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists and engineers so as to improve the theory and practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,preparedness,and recovery.To accomplish this purpose,the journal aims to attract a balanced number of papers between Chinese and 相似文献
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George W. Housner 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2008,7(2):I0001-I0001
Destructive earthquakes have caused great damage in China and the United States and collapsing buildings havecaused many deaths and injuries. The field of earthquake engineering studies earthquake hazards, the occurrence ofearthquakes of various magnitudes, the nature of the ground shaking during an earthquake, the vibration of structuresduring earthquakes, the strengthening of existing structures and the design of new structures to be earthquake resistant,and finally, how to cope with earthquake damage and restore a city to normal functioning. Such efforts are in progressin both countries, but unfortunately, the language barrier interferes with the free flow of information between China andthe Untied States. It would be mutually beneficial if some means could be developed to promote the exchangeof information across the Pacific Ocean. This new journal has been established for this purpose and its success willbe an important step in promoting earthquake engineering in China and the United States. 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2014,(4)
正President:Giampaolo Di Silvio,Italy Vice Presidents:Ulrich C.E.Zanke,Germany Zhao-yin Wang,China The World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research(WASER),inaugurated on Oct.19,2004,is an independent non-governmental,non-profit organization.The mission of WASER is to promote international co-operation on the study 相似文献
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JianCheng Shi 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,57(10):2281-2282
正Global Change includes climate change and other environmental changes caused by the joint interaction among various layers of Earth. From the positive side, global change provides new opportunities to human and other living forms on Earth. In the meantime, it creates tremendous challenges and negative impact. At present, the negative impacts have reached all primary processes of the global ecosystem and every aspect of human society, especially causing degradation of the ecosystem. For instance, intensive deforestation causes decline of biodiversity; global warming causes sea level rise and increases 相似文献