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Gordon M. Walkden Nicholas C. Fraser Michael J. Simms 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2021,132(1):127-137
In the Late Triassic the landscape NE of present-day Bristol, SW England was dominated by Carboniferous Limestone ridges and cuestas that became progressively buried by continental Mercia Mudstones and finally inundated during the Rhaetian marine transgression. Mussini et al. (2020) adopt the assertions of earlier collaborators back to Whiteside and Marshall (2008) that terrestrial vertebrate assemblages from sediments contained within karstic fissure systems in the former limestone ridges at Cromhall, Tytherington and elsewhere are restricted to the Rhaetian. We review and reject the sedimentological, stratigraphic, geomorphological and topographic arguments for this and reassert a long pre-Rhaetian (Norian) history for the vertebrate-bearing fissure systems at both Tytherington and Cromhall. We also reject the contemporaneous Rhaetian freshwater-seawater mixing zone dissolution model for the fissure systems adopted by Mussini et al. (2020) and reaffirm that the Tytherington and Cromhall fissures developed as conduit caves with a long Triassic history. Applying a new regional study of the Rhaetian transgressive surface, we also show that whilst the fissures at Cromhall remained sealed after the Norian, those at nearby Tytherington were re-exposed in the Late Rhaetian. Already partially filled with Norian sediments, the Tytherington fissures were subject to reworking on the seabed. Internal collapses, probably triggered by well documented repeated regional seismicity, led to the chaotic state of the Tytherington fills when downward moving Rhaetian marine components came to lie amongst and mix with earlier Norian terrestrial sediments. The vertebrate associations in the Tytherington fissures therefore contain a substantial Rhaetian input whilst those at Cromhall do not. 相似文献
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本文系统描述了海龙类安顺龙属的一个新种——黄泥河安顺龙(Anshunsaurus huangnihensissp.nov.)。新种采自贵州省兴义市乌纱镇谢米村上三叠统竹竿坡组底部。它与邻区发现的晚三叠世黄果树安顺龙(A.huangguoshuensis)和乌纱安顺龙(A.wushaensis)相比,存在如下相似之处:轭骨呈三射形;荐前椎都约为38枚;颈椎约17枚;趾式为2-3-4-5-4。但是,新种与后两者之间最大的区别是:新种的乌喙骨前缘向前延伸较短,而后腹缘向后延伸较远,而后者的情况刚好相反。新种的乌喙骨的特征与在欧洲发现的中三叠世Askeptosaurus italicus和晚三叠世诺利期Endennasaurus acutirostris的较为相近。以上特征指示新种可能为A.italicus和A.huangguoshuensis的过渡类型。这为长颈型海龙类的系统演化和古地理分布提供重要的证据。 相似文献
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云南鲁春晚三叠世火山沉积盆地是在江达-维西火山弧的基础之上,通过拉张作用形成的碰撞后拉张盆地,盆地内广泛发育一套由玄武岩和流纹岩组成的“双峰式”火山岩及与其相伴的硅质岩。硅质岩可分为凝灰质硅质岩和纹层状硅质岩两类。通过对两类硅质岩所进行的地球化学研究和分析,表明云南鲁春晚三叠世火山沉积盆地中的凝灰质硅质岩属火山沉积成因,而纹层状硅质岩为海底喷流热液/热泉(热水)沉积成因的热水硅质岩。 相似文献
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O. A. Korchagin 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2009,17(1):62-67
Foraminifers representing species Kaeveria fluegeli have been found in the Zorkaradjilga Formation (Sagenites quinquepunctatus Zone) of the upper Norian (or lower Rhaetian) in the central structural-facies zone of the South-East Pamirs. Their occurrence here is an additional criterion substantiating age and correlation of host deposits and an evidence in favor of fauna migration from the southern Tethys during the respective time span not only in northwestern areas of that ocean (Northern Calcareous Alps), but also in its central part (the South-East Pamirs). 相似文献
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根据采自贵州关岭上三叠统小凹组一件近乎完整的鱼龙骨架标本和一件压扁的头骨标本,笔者建立并系统描述了卡洛维龙的一个新种Callawayia wolonggangensis sp.nov.。分析和讨论了新种与Callawayia属其他种及其在关岭生物群中共生的各鱼龙属种之间的异同点,指出新种以具有发育的上颌骨上升支,窄的额骨及其与鼻骨之间宽缓的U-形接缝与该属模式种C.neoscapularis相区别。新种与关岭生物群中的Panjiangsaurus分子在头骨和四肢的一般形态特征上较为接近,但新种的鼻骨向后延伸与后额骨接触;额骨呈槽状向上颞孔方向延伸,并直接参与上颞孔前边缘的形成,以及后部顶骨脊之下具有发育的顶骨架而易于区别。另外,新种桡骨和桡侧腕骨前边缘直的特点也与Panjiangsaurus明显不同。 相似文献
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运用煤岩学和地球化学的理论和方法,对重庆长河碥矿晚三叠世须家河组煤中微量元素进行了研究。结果表明,长河碥矿各煤层中明显富集Pb,其平均值为29.58μg/g。长河碥矿煤中潜在的有害微量元素Be (5.9μg/g)、Cr (28.6μg/g)、Cu (34.06μg/g)、As (10.03μg/g)和Th (12.49μg/g)均较富集;稀土元素含量为59.79287μg/g,均值为136.92μg/g,略高于中国煤中稀土元素总量均值(119.7μg/g),高于美国煤中的稀土元素总量均值(53.59μg/g)。8煤中稀土元素含量异常可能是地下水淋滤作用的结果。长河碥矿煤中有害微量元素主要受控于陆源物质的供给。 相似文献
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Helmcke DGZG University of Goettingen D Goettingen GermanyIngavat Helmcke Rc/o GZG University of Goettingen D Goettingen GermanyFeng QinglaiFaculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan Wagner B Heppe KGZG 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2001,12(3)
INTRODUCTIONTheSimaoregion (SWYunnan ,China) ,situatedbe tweentheAilaoshanbeltintheeastandtheLancangjiangzoneinthewest (Fig .1) ,isakeyareatochronologicallyconstrainlatePaleozoiccompressionaldeformationsandthusofprimein terestwhendiscussingtheplate tectonichi… 相似文献
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青藏高原北羌塘盆地杂多地区晚二叠世—早三叠世陆相火山岩的地球化学特征及其意义 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在北羌塘盆地东部杂多县特龙赛等地首次厘定出晚二叠世—早三叠世火山岩。该火山岩形成于陆相环境,由4个爆发一溢流相火山韵律组成一个完整的火山旋回。这些火山岩主要由强蚀变杏仁状橄榄玄武岩、岩屑晶屑凝灰岩、杏仁状安山岩等组成,TiO_2含量(1.33%~1.76%)与峨眉山低Ti玄武岩相当,MgO含量较低(2.23%~7.52%,平均为5.02%),富集轻稀土元素(LREE/HREE=4.16~13.44,平均为6.5),无明显的Eu异常(δEu=0.85~1.02,平均0.96),Nb、Ta轻度负异常,地球化学特征与大陆拉斑玄武岩相似。各种微量元素判别图解显示这些火山岩形成于大陆拉张带或陆内裂谷区。结合区域研究成果,晚古生代时整个羌塘地区很可能处于一种伸展背景。 相似文献
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赣东北晚三叠世安源组植物群 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对赣东北上饶地区宋村、司铺和东山村3条剖面保存的植物化石全面研究, 讨论了赣东北安源组地层分布特征, 安源植物群的组成、特征及其地质时代.鉴定并统计安源植物群有28属60种, 其中苏铁类及本内苏铁类11属33种, 占植物群总数55.0%, 居植物群首位; 真蕨类5属11种, 占植物群总数18.3%, 居植物群第2位; 种子蕨4属6种, 占植物群总数10.0%;有节类2属3种, 占植物群3.0%, 然而丰度高; 银杏类4属5种, 占8.3%, 松柏类及繁殖器官2属2种, 占3.4%.该植物群归于晚三叠世Ptilozamites-Anthrophyopsis组合.安源植物群组成分子中, 喜湿植物14种, 占植物群23.3%, 耐旱植物46种, 占植物群76.7%, 属于半潮湿型.喜热植物45种, 占植物群75.0%, 广温植物15种, 占植物群25.0%, 属炎热型, 代表中国南方滨海型热带亚热带半潮湿气候. 相似文献
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"三江"北段昌都陆块晚三叠世钾质-超钾质火山岩成因及地质意义 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
昌都微陆块内部发育一套晚三叠世粗安岩.本文基于系统的野外踏勘,对具有代表性的火山岩进行岩石学、地球化学等研究.结果显示该区火山岩的SiO2含量为51.36%~58.04%,全碱含量(Na2O+K2O)为5.03%~7.84%,根据岩石K2O,MgO及K2O/Na2O比值判断,属钾质-超钾质火山岩,具高K、高Al、低Ti的特征.本区岩石强烈富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)和轻稀土元素(LREE),Nb、Ta、Ti的负异常明显,整体特征类似于弧火山岩.其稀土总量较高(270×10-6~960×10-6),轻重稀土分馏明显,重稀土分布形态较平缓.岩石具有较高的初始锶同位素比值(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7150~0.7176和较低的初始钕同位素比值(143Nd/144Nd)i=0.51180~0.51184,εNd(t)=-10.9~-10.2,二段Nd模式年龄为t2DM=1.82~1.88Ga.本区岩石的地球化学特征显示其源区是由俯冲板片所产生的流体/熔体交代的岩石圈地幔,源区矿物组成分析结果显示,其源区以尖晶石二辉橄榄岩为主,含少量石榴石二辉橄榄岩及金云母.本区钾质-超钾质岩石虽然与西藏南部的钾质-超钾质岩石有相似的地球化学特征,但却产于碰撞后的构造背景之下.结合其所具有的弧火山岩特征及时代构造背景判断其为一种"滞后型"弧火山岩,其形成过程可以概括为三个阶段. 相似文献
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笔者在松潘-甘孜地体下仓界地区发现了晚三叠世基性岩,对其开展了岩相学、地球化学、斜锆石U-Pb年代学等研究。该基性岩由玄武岩和辉绿岩组成,均为钙碱性系列,蚀变较强,形成时代为208.0±7.0 Ma。岩石La/Nb值为1.13~1.95,La/Ta值为7.96~25.79,TiO2含量为1.51%~2.22%,Zr/Nb值为11.35~16.33,指示岩浆源自岩石圈地幔与软流圈地幔的混合源区。根据(Yb/Sm)P-(Tb/Yb)P模型计算结果,推测下仓界基性岩可能源于软流圈物质诱发岩石圈地幔尖晶石-石榴子石过渡相(石榴子石约占0~25%)发生约5%的部分熔融。岩石中发现捕获的古老斜锆石,轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损,Nb、Ta和Ti元素弱亏损。结合区域地质资料,认为松潘-甘孜地体应该具有陆壳基底,其晚三叠世(<211 Ma)的构造环境为碰撞后的板内伸展环境。 相似文献
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晚三叠世中卡尼期极端气候事件:研究进展及存在问题 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
作为三叠纪最显著的气候变化事件,全球性的卡尼期气候事件以幕次降雨量增多为特征,在西北特提斯洋地区表现较为明显,主要反映了从碳酸盐岩到黑色页岩的岩性变化,近年来这一地质事件在美国、中国、日本等地的卡尼阶地层中也有识别.其成因一直是学者研究的重点,有人认为是板块构造运动促使大气或大洋循环发生了变化,或是超级大陆聚合碰撞而触发大火成岩省喷发致使全球气候发生了紊乱,也有人认为是地球系统综合因素相互作用的结果.联系到中国西南部地区卡尼阶现状,认为超级季风、构造运动和卡尼期气候变化的关系值得深入研究,此外卡尼期气候事件过程中碳酸盐补偿深度上升问题、卡尼期黑色页岩事件反映的大洋生产力以及多幕卡尼期气候事件反映的气候波动事件等科学问题也是今后的研究中值得重视的. 相似文献
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青海省都兰县八道班一带侵入岩的岩性为石英闪长岩至正长花岗岩的岩浆演化序列,其空间具有北西-南东向带状分布的特点,为准铝质、高钾、钙碱性镁质花岗岩;稀土总量REE中等,轻重稀土分异和轻稀土分馏强烈;大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb、K等相对富集,Ba、Sr等相对亏损;高场强元素(HFSE)Th、Hf等相对富集,Nb、Ta、Ti等相对亏损,且由石英闪长岩→花岗闪长岩→二长花岗岩→正长花岗岩演化,相对富集和相对亏损的程度逐渐增强;源岩以壳源为主,亦有幔源物质加入,属壳-幔混合型花岗岩。岩石具"C"型高硅埃达克岩特征。其锆石U-Pb同位素年龄在237~224Ma之间,侵位时代为晚三叠世;其成因是印支晚期西秦岭构造单元向柴达木东南缘斜向俯冲的产物。本区发现埃达克质岩对于与埃达克岩有关斑岩铜矿成矿规律的研究和找矿意义重大。 相似文献
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High energy, lake‐shoreline carbonate sequences are rarely documented in the geological record. However, one example occurs in the Upper Triassic Mercia Mudstone Group (MMG) of southern Britain. The MMG is one of a number of thick, non‐fossiliferous mudstone deposits associated with North Atlantic Mesozoic rift basins. The origin of the MMG mudstones is the subject of current debate, with marine, playa‐lacustrine and alluvial–aeolian models having been proposed. Shoreline features have been documented from the northern margin of the basin, but the rarity of such features elsewhere in the MMG has led many workers to doubt a lacustrine origin for the mudstones. Wave‐dominated, lake‐shoreline deposits have been recognized in several sections from the southern basin margin in the Clevedon area of the Bristol Channel in south‐west England. These deposits provide evidence for the development of a sizeable perennial to semi‐perennial hypersaline lake in which the MMG mudstones accumulated. Shoreline sediments overlie alluvial stream and sheet‐flood deposits, and pass from transgressive gravel–conglomerate beach units with bioclasts, influenced by shore‐normal waves (deposited under semi‐humid conditions), to lower gradient, highstand oolitic sands affected by more varied wave approach (deposited under progressively more arid conditions), which culminated in lowstand, oolitic strand‐plain deposits overlain by a playa‐mudflat unit. Shoreline deposits record a simple shallowing‐upward transgressive–highstand–lowstand sequence. However, a change from a reflective (transgressive) to dissipative (highstand) shoreline is believed to represent a climatically induced change in prevailing wind direction. Shoreline features recognized in the MMG are similar to those of recent playa‐lacustrine basins of the western United States. Ooids display a variety of size, fracture and dissolution features in addition to beachrock fabrics, suggesting that they were originally composed of radial aragonite, similar to modern ooids from the Great Salt Lake, Utah. 相似文献
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广西桂林地区晚三叠世孢粉组合及其地层意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
广西桂林地区首次发现晚三叠世孢粉化石27属37种,可称为Dictyophylidites-Canali-zonospora-Ovalipolis-Riccisporites组合,其中的主要属种在国内外均为晚三叠世的重要分子,并可与我国华南地区和欧洲有关晚三叠世孢粉组合进行对比。因此,当前组合的地质时代属于晚三叠世,这填补了桂林地区中生代地质发展史中的一个空白。 相似文献
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Budurovignathus和Pseudofurnishius牙形类动物群是世界上具有重要地层研究价值且比较稀有的牙形类动物群,迄止目前,在滇西保山地区发现:Budurovignathus hungaricus(Kozur et Vigh)、B.mungoensis(Diebel)、B.aff.mungoensis(Diebel) or B.baoshanensis sp.nov.、B.diebeli(Kozur et Mostler)、Pseudofurnishius socioensis(Gullo et Kozur),P.murcianus(Van Den Boogaard)和Pseudofurnishius sp.A等重要的属种,本次发现,为云南保山地区中—晚三叠世地层提供有力的生物年代约束,拓展了三叠世牙形石生物带,同时也丰富了中国这两个牙形类动物群的资料。 相似文献