山东蓬莱后大雪金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

矿床位于胶东隆起北缘蓬莱成矿带中，主要受断裂的构造控制，经历了２个成矿期４个成矿阶段。矿化富集具有垂直分带和等距性分布特点，找矿志明显，矿床深部及南北两端有较大的找矿前景。     

五台山区康家沟金矿床地质特征及找矿方向探讨

康家沟金矿属绿岩带型金矿。矿床（体）产于韧性剪切带中。NEE向构造为储矿（导矿）构造。矿床（体）由含金石英脉与其间蚀变岩组成。品位高低决定于含金石英脉的数量。含铁石英岩及其周围糜棱岩化带为近矿围岩。     

甘肃冯家场金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

冯家场金矿床位于祁连—北秦岭加里东造山带接合部位,金矿化严格受震旦—奥陶系李子园群木其滩组和近EW向断裂及小山坡闪长岩枝联合控制。在2 0km2矿区范围发现4条等间距平行展布的金矿化带,金矿化主体为石英脉型,次为构造蚀变岩型。金矿物以银金矿为主,次为金银矿。金的赋存状态以粒间金为主,裂隙金和包裹体金次之,最大粒度0 58mm×0 96mm×0 22mm,Au品位8×10-6～10×10-6。成矿阶段包括石英脉、黄铁矿 石英、黄铁矿细脉、多金属硫化物、方解石 石英阶段,多金属硫化物阶段为主要成矿阶段。已发现的金矿化断裂与岩体内外接触带为本区找矿方向。     

山东莱州曹家埠金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

从矿脉的空间分布,矿体形态、产状、规模,与围岩的关系,矿石、矿物特征,矿化阶段划分等方面论述了矿床的地质特征,并对矿床成因进行了初步探讨,在总结该区矿标志的基础上,指出深部及外围找矿方向。     

中国绿岩带型金矿床类型和地质特征

绿岩带型金矿床是世界和我国重要的金矿类型。中国绿岩带型金矿床可分为同构造晚期初生型金矿床和构造期后再生型金矿床二类。这二类金矿床的成矿地质环境、矿床地质地球化学均具有明显的不同。同构造晚期初生型金矿床不仅产出在中低变质绿岩带中，而且在高级变质绿岩带中分布很普遍和发育。构造期后再生型热液金矿床分布广泛、储量极大，是具有中国地质特色的金矿床类型。     

河北省张家口地区金家庄金矿床地质特征

介绍了张家口地区金家庄金矿床的地质特征,认为矿床属于与超基性岩体有关的岩浆期后热液矿床。指出了找矿方向和找矿远景区。     

胶东绿岩型金矿找矿方法研究

本文分析了胶东绿岩型金矿一般地质特征；并以找矿为目的，建立了五大类型14种金矿找矿特征分类。提出了用神经网络模型建立胶东绿岩型放找矿新方法，并用实例展示了该方法的应用前景。     

侯西金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

论述了侯西金矿床的控矿断裂特征,矿体地质特征,矿石特征;总结了矿化富集规律和找矿标志,指出了深部及外围的找矿方向,并探讨了矿床的成因     

坦桑尼亚盖塔(Geita)绿岩带型金矿矿床地质特征

盖塔(Geita)金矿是坦桑尼亚重要的绿岩带型金矿之一。文章阐述了矿床地质背景、矿床地质特征,以及矿床同位素年代特征,并对矿床成矿模式进行了对比。在此基础上认为盖塔金矿以块状黄铁矿和浸染状黄铁矿的矿化为主,成矿时代约为2644~2680Ma,属于太古宙热液型金矿床,具有明显的"层控"特征,后生成矿模式可能是盖特金矿的矿床成因。     

浅论津巴布韦康尼玛拉（Connemara）金矿床地质特征及其找矿意义

康尼玛拉金矿床的形成与太古宙绿岩带、前寒武系变质岩关系密切,矿体、矿化蚀变体主要受NNW向断裂构造控制,属破碎蚀变岩型金矿,围岩蚀变发育,硅化、黄铁矿化、绢云母化与矿化关系密切,该矿区具有良好的找矿前景。     

南秦岭东江口岩体中丰富金矿矿床特征与成因浅析

陕西省宁陕县丰富金矿产于南秦岭构造带东江口岩体内,为一中型规模金矿床,赋矿围岩为黑云母二长花岗岩。矿床形成于印支-燕山期秦岭造山过程中由碰撞向伸展构造体制转变的后碰撞构造环境,成矿时代限定为200Ma左右的燕山早期,矿床类型为硫化物石英脉型和破碎带蚀变岩型。金的赋存状态有包裹金、裂隙金及晶隙金三种,以裂隙金和晶隙金为主,具有多期成矿特征。围绕主岩浆期后超浅成-浅成侵入的中基性岩脉、岩枝、岩株呈环状展布的缓倾斜断裂是主要的控矿和赋矿构造,成矿作用与主岩浆期后火山-次火山作用或隐蔽爆破作用引发的热液作用有关。     

南美洲圭亚那地盾北部绿岩带地质特征、典型金矿床及金成矿作用

圭亚那地盾位于南美洲亚马孙克拉通的北部,其北部广泛发育太古宙典型的花岗岩-绿岩带,主要岩石组成为花岗岩、片麻岩和英云闪长岩,古元古代变质超基性-基性火山岩-侵入岩、其他变质火山岩等。由于独特的地质构造位置和复杂的构造演化历史,形成了良好的绿岩型金成矿地质背景,产生了大量的金矿床。通过总结圭亚那地盾北部绿岩带的岩石特征、成岩时代和构造演化历史,对委内瑞拉埃尔卡劳金矿、圭亚那欧迈金矿和苏里南罗瑟贝尔金矿进行典型矿床剖析,系统研究了该区绿岩带型金矿的成矿地质背景、成矿流体及成矿年代学特征,建立了区域绿岩带型金矿成矿模型,并在分析找矿要素的基础上,提出圭亚那地盾北部的金矿找矿方向。     

云南哀牢山老王寨大型造山型金矿成矿流体地球化学

云南哀牢山金矿带是我国最重要的喜马拉雅期金矿带,而老王寨是其中最大的金矿。流体包裹体研究显示:老王寨金矿含金石英脉中流体包裹体类型主要为NaCl-H₂O型和CO₂-H₂O型,其均一温度为102~302℃, 峰值为160~180℃;流体盐度范围变化较大,介于2.5%~12.9% NaCleqv之间,峰值为6.0%~7.5% NaCleqv,显示老王寨成矿流体具有中低盐度和中低温度的特征。 氢氧同位素测定显示成矿流体δD_H2O=-115‰~-90‰,δ¹⁸O_H2O=5.2‰~6.8‰,显示其组成主要为岩浆水,可能与有机沉积物发生过同位素交换。流体包裹体碳同位素组成(δ¹³C为-6.5‰~-3.9‰)基本落在幔源碳变化范围之内,说明其中CO₂可能来自地壳深部,甚至上地幔。综合成矿地质特征和成矿流体的证据,提出老王寨金矿为喜马拉雅期造山型金矿。     

蒙古博洛金矿床研究进展

博洛(Boroo)金矿是蒙古国发现的首个岩金矿床,同时也是该国开采规模与黄金产量最大的金矿。该矿矿体主要产于博洛近水平断裂带内,整个矿化带(Au异常≥100×10~(-9))长度超过2000m,宽度400m,局部厚度达100m,主要围岩为博洛花岗杂岩、变质沉积岩等。矿床主要矿化类型有金-硫化物、金-石英脉型矿化2种,与中国典型超大型造山型金山金矿具有较多相似点,判定其为造山型金矿。距博洛金矿35km处产出同类型且储量相近的大型金矿—盖特苏尔特(Gatsuurt)。在已有研究的基础上,从产出环境、地质特征、矿床成因等方面对其进行了介绍和总结,并在矿床邻区内划定3个找矿战略靶区,这对中国企业在蒙古寻找同类型金矿具有指导意义。     

Mineral assemblages and phase equilibria of metabasites from the prehnite–pumpellyite to amphibolite facies,with the Flin Flon Greenstone Belt (Manitoba) as a type example

An exceptionally well-exposed part of the Flin Flon Greenstone Belt (Manitoba/Saskatchewan) is used to characterize the mineral assemblage evolution associated with prehnite–pumpellyite through amphibolite facies metamorphism of basalts. Data from these rocks are combined with a large literature data set to assess the ability of current thermodynamic models to reproduce natural patterns, evaluate the use of metabasic rocks at these grades to estimate pressure–temperature (P–T) conditions of metamorphism, and to comment on the metamorphic devolatilization that occurs. At Flin Flon, five major isograds (actinolite-in, prehnite- and pumpellyite-out, hornblende-in, oligoclase-in, and actinolite-out) collectively represent passage from prehnite–pumpellyite to lower amphibolite facies conditions. The evolution in mineral assemblages occurs in two narrow (~1,000 m) zones: the prehnite–pumpellyite to greenschist facies (PP-GS) transition and greenschist to amphibolite facies (GS-AM) transition. Across the GS-AM transition, significant increases in the hornblende and oligoclase proportions occur at the expense of actinolite, albite, chlorite, and titanite, whereas there is little change in the proportions of epidote. The majority of this mineral transformation occurs above the oligoclase-in isograd within the hornblende–actinolite–oligoclase zone. Comparison with thermodynamic modelling results suggests data set 5 (DS5) of Holland and Powell (1998, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 16 (3):309–343) and associated activity–composition (a–x) models is generally successful in reproducing natural observations, whereas data set 6 (DS6) (Holland & Powell, 2011, Journal of Metamorphic Geology, 29 (3):333–383) and associated a–x models fail to reproduce the observed mineral isograds and compositions. When the data from Flin Flon are combined with data from the literature, two main pressure-sensitive facies series for metabasites are revealed, based on prograde passage below or above a hornblende–albite bathograd at ~3.3 kbar: a low-pressure ‘actinolite–oligoclase type’ facies series, characterized by the appearance of oligoclase before hornblende, and a moderate- to high-pressure ‘hornblende–albite type’ facies series, characterized by the appearance of hornblende before oligoclase. Concerning the PP-GS transition, the mineral assemblage evolution in Flin Flon suggests it occurs over a small zone (<1,000 m), in which assemblages containing true transitional assemblages (prehnite and/or pumpellyite coexisting with actinolite) are rare. This contrasts with thermodynamic modelling, using either DS5 or DS6, which predicts a wide PP-GS transition involving the progressive appearance of epidote and actinolite and disappearance of pumpellyite and prehnite. Patterns of mineral assemblages and thermodynamic modelling suggest a useful bathograd (‘CHEPPAQ bathograd’), separating prehnite–pumpellyite-bearing assemblages at low pressures and pumpellyite–actinolite-bearing assemblages at higher pressures, occurs at ~2.3 to 2.6 kbar. Observations from the Flin Flon sequence suggests devolatilization across the GS-AM transition (average: ~1.8 wt% H₂O) occurs over a very narrow interval within the actinolite–hornblende–oligoclase zone, associated with the loss of >75% of the total chlorite. By contrast, modelling of the GS-AM transition zone predicts more progressive dehydration of ~2 wt% H₂O over a >50°C interval. Observations from the field suggest devolatilization across the PP-GS transition occurs over a very narrow interval given the rarity of transitional assemblages. Modelling suggests fluid release of 1.0–1.4 wt% resulting from prehnite breakdown over a ~10°C interval. This fluid may not be entirely lost from the rock package due to involvement in the hydration of igneous mineralogy across the PP-GS transition as observed in the Flin Flon sequence.     

电磁测深在鲁西地区绿岩带型金矿勘探中的应用

在山东省泰安市周家庄地区金矿勘探中进行电磁测量方法试验, 获得了高分辨率的电性剖面和较可靠的地质解释资料, 经钻探验证发现了隐伏金矿体。测量结果表明, 在岩层深部高电阻率背景下的低值电阻率异常带是寻找金矿化带的有利部位, 低阻异常带的空间展布范围揭示了金矿化带的延伸趋势。      

坦桑尼亚维多利亚湖东部绿岩带金矿床地质特征及成因浅析

坦桑尼亚维多利亚湖绿岩带是世界上非常有名的金成矿区,目前已发现数个世界级的金矿床。本文分析了该地区典型金矿床成矿地质特征,认为维多利亚湖东部绿岩带金矿床类型为构造蚀变岩型,矿体赋存在受EW向、NW向和NE向三组剪切破碎带控制的构造蚀变岩中,矿石类型主要为黄铁绢英蚀变岩和含金石英脉,与成矿有关的蚀变主要为硅化、绢云母化和黄铁矿化。同时,将这些矿床与中国胶东绿岩带的“焦家式”金矿床进行了对比,探讨了成矿模型研究所面临的问题。