线扫描式机载LiDAR系统误差影响分析研究

机载LiDAR系统会受到多种误差源的影响,系统误差会给激光脚点的坐标带来系统偏差。针对安置向量误差、安置角误差、激光测距误差以及扫描角尺度因子误差这几种重要误差源,从机载LiDAR系统几何定位方程出发,推导了机载LiDAR系统误差影响计算公式,并结合模拟实验,分别研究了这几类误差源对激光脚点定位精度的影响规律,从理论上分析了各类误差对机载LiDAR系统定位精度的综合作用。文中的结果为设计系统检校方法并消除这些系统误差的影响提供理论依据,具有重要的参考价值。     

低空机载LiDAR点云定位误差分析

低空机载LiDAR因其系统的复杂性,点云定位精度受很多系统误差影响。为了研究改善点云定位精度的方法,文中根据LiDAR定位误差模型综合分析航高、扫描角、IMU姿态角、姿态角误差等对点云定位误差的影响,并根据误差影响规律分析得出不同地形测图比例尺对飞行参数的要求。通过长江中下游实测地区作业验证,建议设置飞行参数得到的点云定位精度符合精度要求。     

利用机载LiDAR测绘大比例尺数字地形图的精度分析

通过分析机载LiDAR进行数字地形图测绘的工艺流程,阐述各个流程的误差,进而阐述误差分布的规律、机载LiDAR的使用范围。     

国产机载LiDAR安置角误差检校初探

机载LiDAR的对地定位的误差来源包括单机误差和集成误差.结合试验数据对集成误差中的最大误差源安置角误差检校进行探讨,从安置角误差检校的原理、方法到整个系统精度评定,得出国产机载激光雷达对地定位的相对精度.     

国产机载LiDAR系统安置角误差检校方案研究

机载激光扫描仪(Light Detection And Ranging,LiDAR)系统是由多个子系统集成,其中,安置角误差是集成误差中最大的误差源,安置角误差检校的方法多种多样,高效率、高精度的检校方式还需要试验的支撑。本文对平差模型法和几何模型法进行了试验分析,试验结果很好地证明了不同方法的优越性,为机载LiDAR系统的安置角检校提供了参考。     

《机载LiDAR数据误差处理理论与方法》内容简介

正本书较系统地研究了机载激光雷达(LiDAR)测量数据误差处理的理论与方法:介绍其技术的发展、主要应用领域及当前研究的热点和难点问题;详述其系统组成、对地定位原理及方程、测量作业的生产流程、数据特点及处理;分析影响对地定位精度的各种误差源,并基于几何定位方程、误差传播定律定量分析各项误差源对对地定位的影响规律;在平差理论的基础上提出基于无控制三维表面最小高程差和     

机载激光雷达系统定位精度分析

从机载激光雷达系统误差的产生机制出发,分别对姿态角误差、DGPS误差、瞬时扫描角误差、激光测距误差对激光脚点定位精度的影响进行定量的分析,从理论上分析了机载激光雷达系统的定位精度。本文的结果对实际应用具有重要的参考价值。     

机载LiDAR数据获取及处理的质量检查探讨

机载LiDAR设备是一个复杂的集成系统,其精度受到系统各个组成部分的影响,误差来源很多,也很复杂,数据获取及处理的各个环节都会对最终结果产生影响。本文主要讨论了机载LiDAR数据获取及处理过程中的质量检查及质量控制方法。     

国产机载SW-LiDAR系统定位模型的建立与精度分析

本文针对国产机载SW-LiDAR系统组成及各种传感器集成原理,研究该系统的定位解算模型,同时基于误差传播定律从理论上分析了激光测距误差、扫描角误差、GPS定位误差、安置误差、IMU测姿误差、时间同步误差、数据内插误差等因子对系统定位精度的影响规律,最后通过实际工程应用分析了实验区域的数据精度,实验结果满足机载激光雷达数据获取技术规范要求,表明了该系统定位模型的正确性与可行性。     

机载LiDAR系统在道路勘测中的数据获取及应用

从道路的机载LiDAR数据获取出发,解析各步骤的原理以及若干优化方法,同时给出了机载LiDAR系统在道路、城市中的多项意义,对于推进机载LiDAR技术的应用有一定的启示作用。     

机载激光水深测量误差分析

详细分析了机载激光水深测量的各种误差,着重讨论了IMU姿态测量误差对机载激光定位的影响。根据实际可能的误差数据,并联合扫描角误差、测距误差和平台坐标系原点误差进行计算分析,得出了不同的量测误差对目标3维定位误差的综合影响。     

车载POS系统测量合作目标安置参数解算方法

POS系统是移动测量系统的重要组成部分。由于系统集成影响,POS系统中心的运动状态无法直接观测。因此,可采取设置相关测量合作目标的方法,在确定其与POS系统中心的位置基础上,通过观测合作目标来确定POS系统中心的运动状态。从车载移动测量系统空间基准统一方程出发,提出了一种解算测量合作目标安置参数的方法,并以此为基础,系统分析POS系统定位定姿误差、全站仪测距测角误差、尺度因子误差等误差源对安置参数解算的影响,推导了安置参数解算的误差模型。实验结果表明,采用本文解算方法,可以获取毫米级的合作目标安置参数,满足合作目标应用于动态测量检测POS系统定位精度的需求。     

A unified approach to self-calibration of terrestrial laser scanners

In recent years, the method of self-calibration widely used in photogrammetry has been found suitable for the estimation of systematic errors in terrestrial laser scanners. Since high correlations can be present between the estimated parameters, ways to reduce them have to be found. This paper presents a unified approach to self-calibration of terrestrial laser scanners, where the parameters in a least-squares adjustment are treated as observations by assigning appropriate weights to them. The higher these weights are the lower the parameter correlations are expected to be. Self-calibration of a pulsed laser scanner Leica Scan Station was performed with the unified approach. The scanner position and orientation were determined during the measurements with the help of a total station, and the point clouds were directly georeferenced. The significant systematic errors were zero error in the laser rangefinder and vertical circle index error. Most parameter correlations were comparatively low. In part, precise knowledge of the horizontal coordinates of the scanner centre helped greatly to achieve low correlation between these parameters and the zero error. The approach was shown to be advantageous to the use of adjustment with stochastic (weighted) inner constraints where the parameter correlations were higher. At the same time, the collimation error could not be estimated reliably due to its high correlation with the scanner azimuth because of a limited vertical distribution of the targets in the calibration field. While this problem can be solved for a scanner with a nearly spherical field-of-view, it will complicate the calibration of scanners with limited vertical field-of-view. Investigations into the influence of precision of the scanner position and levelling on the adjustment results lead to two important findings. First, it is not necessary to level the scanner during the measurements when using the unified approach since the parameter correlations are relatively low anyway. Second, the scanner position has to be known with a precision of about 1 mm in order to get a reliable estimate of the zero error.     

Analysis of systematic error influences on accuracy of airborne laser scanning altimetry

The error sources related to the laser rangefinder, GPS and INS are analyzed in details. Several coordinates systems used in airborne laser scanning are set up, and then the basic formula of system is given.This paper emphasizes on discussing the kinematic offset correction between GPS antenna phase center and laser fired point. And kinematic time delay influence on laser footprint position, the ranging errors, positioning errors, attitude errors and integration errors of the system are also explored. Finally, the result shows that thekinematic time delay can be neglected as compared with other error sources. The accuracy of the coordinates is not only influenced by the amplitude of the error, but also controlled by the operation parameters such as flight height, scanning angle amplitude and attitude magnitude of the platform.     

Analysis of systematic error influences on accuracy of airborne laser scanning altimetry

The error sources related to the laser rangefinder, GPS and INS are analyzed in details. Several coordinates systems used in airborne laser scanning are set up, and then the basic formula of system is given. This paper emphasizes on discussing the kinematic offset correction between GPS antenna phase center and laser fired point. And kinematic time delay influence on laser footprint position, the ranging errors, positioning errors, attitude errors and integration errors of the system are also explored. Finally, the result shows that the kinematic time delay can be neglected as compared with other error sources. The accuracy of the coordinates is not only influenced by the amplitude of the error, but also controlled by the operation parameters such as flight height, scanning angle amplitude and attitude magnitude of the platform.     

影响机载激光扫描测高精度的系统误差分析

简要介绍了机载激光扫描测高技术的系统组成和发展现状，通过坐标转换技术建立起机载激光扫描对地定位的基本几何关系，并从这些几何关系出发，着重分析了动态偏心改正及动态时效误差对机载激光测高精度的影响，对不同的误差源如何影响定位结果的精度进行了讨论，最后给出模拟计算结果，得出了一些有益的结论。     

激光跟踪仪用于大型预埋板形位误差的检测

根据激光跟踪测量系统的特点,结合工程实例,用跟踪仪自由设站测得预埋板所要检测的数据;用平面拟合、直线拟合、坐标转换等数据处理方法,得出偏差数据,很好地对预埋板的形位误差进行了检测,以便设计、施工的需要。     

基础地理信息数据的位置精度分析

就基础地理信息数据的空间位置精度进行了实地检测分析,同时对二个作业单位生产的同一区域的基础地理信息数据的质量及位置精度进行了检查分析。指出了生产和检查中应注意的影响数据精度的误差因素,提出了减小数据误差、提高基础地理信息数据的位置精度的方法。     

地下空间激光扫描点云精度对比分析

利用4种激光扫描设备对地下空间扫描,针对获得的点云数据,用全站仪测量研究区内特征点三维坐标,统一点云空间参考;并从点云数据中获取特征点坐标,与测量的三维坐标对比分析。结果显示：推扫式激光扫描设备比架站式精度略低,最弱方向中误差为0.128 m,而架站式为0.039 m;用推扫式激光扫描设备对地下空间进行测量,能满足1∶500数字线划图的测量精度要求。